QUANZHOU—A Major Port on the 1)Maritime Silk Road

⊙By Chris Lincoln

翻譯：丁一

這里是唐朝的世界四大口岸之一，是馬可·波羅筆下美麗的刺桐城，是宋元時期的東方大港。六百年前，鄭和曾從這里出發，探訪各國。這就是泉州——古代海絲路的重鎮。如今，它正在創造新的輝煌。

The Maritime Silk Road was one of ancient China’s major trade routes. Historical records show maritime trading began more than 2,000 years ago during the Qin and Han dynasties. In the Song and Yuan dynasties, the Maritime Silk Road gradually replaced its landbased2）counterpart [?ka?nt?pɑ?t] n. 非常相似的人或物counterpart, becoming the main trading route.

Fujian has a long3）intertwined [?nt??twa?nd] adj.交織在一起的intertwined history with the ocean. Quanzhou was known as Ci Tong City in the 13th century.4）renowned [r??na?nd] adj. 著名的，有聲望的Renowned Italian5）merchant traveller, Marco Polo, went there. In his book he wrote, “The City of Ci Tong is6）magni fi cent [m?ɡ?n?f?s?nt] adj.壯麗的magnificent and7）picturesque [p?kt???resk] adj.如畫的，美麗的picturesque.It is a huge port where goods are exported to East Africa, Europe and other places.”

Joseph Ting（Historian）: （via translator）The Maritime Silk Road was technically more of a maritime8）porcelain [?p??sl?n] n. 瓷，瓷器porcelain road. Porcelain is less likely to be broken when transported by ship,and it’s heavy so it can weigh down the9）vessel [?ves（?）l] n. 船，艦vessel.Sailboats at sea need something heavy to weigh it [sic]down so it doesn’t easily10）sway [swe?] v. 搖擺，擺動sway.Quanzhou was11）hail [he?l] v. 贊揚……為hailed as the biggest port in the East during the Song and Yuan dynasties. Apart from exporting porcelain, silk and12）gunpowder [?ɡ?npa?d?（r）] n.火藥gunpowder tothe West, there was another13）commodity [k??m?d?t?] n. 商品commodity well14）sought-after [?s??t?ɑ?ft?（r）]adj. 廣受歡迎的，很吃香的sought-after by people across the globe—tea leaves.

The ancient tea trade went through many15）evolution [ev??lu??（?）n] n.進化，演化evolutions as did the variety of tea leaves. Today, Sri Lanka is a famous teaproducing country—its16）Ceylon [s??l?n] n. 錫蘭，即現在的斯里蘭卡。Ceylon tea, one of the best-known teas in the world. Sri Lanka used to be called Ceylon. Before growing tea, the country17）cultivate [?k?lt?ve?t] v. 種植，栽培cultivated coffee beans. The first tea leaves test-planted in Ceylon came to the country from India and China via the Maritime Silk Road.

Quanzhou was a huge port along the ancient Maritime Silk Road, connecting China to the world. Besides18）uncover [?n?k?v?（r）] v. 揭示，發現uncovering an19）intriguing [?n?tri?ɡ??] adj. 引起興趣的，有魅力的intriguing20）slice [sla?s] n. 部分，片段slice of history between China and Sri Lanka, our production team also found many buildings of21）Arabic [??r?b?k] adj. 阿拉伯人的，Arab為名詞形式。Arabic style architecture in the city. Maritime trade22）spawn [sp??n] v. 產生，引起spawned exchanges in culture and the arts that were23）integrate [??nt?ɡre?t] v. 結合integrated into local culture.

Pu Lianggong（Incense Maker）:（via translator）Our incense-making process has passed down from our ancestors through generations.The incense I’m making is all by hand, using natural ingredients.

His name is Pu Lianggang. His family has been making incense for a living for centuries through generations. He is a24）descendant [d??send（?）nt]n. 后裔，子孫descendant of Pu Xiaogang, an Arab. Pu is their Chinese25）surname [?sз?ne?m] n. 姓氏surname. Pu Xiaogang brought Arabic incense-making techniques to Quanzhou toward the end of the Song Dynasty.

Pu Haixing（Pu Lianggong’s son）:（via translator）The incense we make is Chinese incense. It has Chinese culture and characteristics, but it isn’t Arabic incense. This is a Chinese brand made by Arabic descendants. “One Belt One Road” is an opportunity for us to introduce this brand to the world.

見招拆招

詞匯學習：via

只有三個字母的介詞via看似簡單，但用處不少。這個詞的用法分兩大類：一是作“經由，途徑”解，用以表明從一地到另一地的路程需途經第三地的有形途徑，交通方式不限。二是作“通過，憑借”解，表明借助某種手段達到目的。第二種用法更廣泛，它強調中間媒介的作用，涉及的中間媒介既可是人，也可是方法、工具或技術手段。例如：

● David came home via France.（大衛取道法國回家。）

● We will notify you via email.（我們會用電子郵件通知你。）

● The news reached me via my uncle.（消息是我叔叔轉告給我的。）

● They have reached that conclusion via scienti fi c experiments.（他們是

通過科學試驗得出這個結論的。）

參考譯文

海上絲綢之路是中國古代對外貿易的重要通道之一。據歷史記載，中國的海上貿易形成于兩千多年前的秦漢時期，而到了宋元期間，海上絲路逐漸取代陸上絲路，成為主要的貿易路徑。

福建與海洋的不解之緣源遠流長。泉州在13世紀被稱為“刺桐城”，著名的意大利行商馬可·波羅曾經到訪此地。他在書中寫道：“刺桐城宏偉秀麗。它是一個大港，一批批貨物由此運到東非和歐洲等地。”丁新豹（歷史學者）：（通過翻譯）海上絲路嚴格來說是一條陶瓷之路。陶瓷用船運輸不那么容易破損，而且它比較重，可用作壓倉。帆船在海上航行時需要一些重物壓倉，才不那么容易搖擺。

宋元時期的泉州被譽為東方第一大港。當時運到西方的主要貨物除了陶瓷、絲綢、火藥等，還有一樣在世界多國非常搶手的商品：茶葉。

古老的茶葉貿易經歷了諸多變遷，就如同茶葉種類般千變萬化。今天的斯里蘭卡是產茶名國，所產的錫蘭茶是世界名茶之一——斯里蘭卡的舊稱即為錫蘭。斯里蘭卡在種茶之前其實是種咖啡豆的。當年最初試種的茶葉就是經海上絲路由印度和中國傳入的。

泉州曾是古代海上絲路的通商大港，把中國與世界連接起來。我們的采訪團隊不僅在此發現了中斯兩國交往的有趣往事，還發現這里有不少阿拉伯特色的建筑。由海上貿易往來引發的文化和藝術交流成果成了當地文化的一部分。

蒲良宮（制香工匠）：（通過翻譯）我們的制香過程都是按照祖先傳下來的做法去做的。像我現在做的香就是純手工的，原料也是純天然的。

他名叫蒲良宮。幾百年來，蒲氏家族世世代代以制香為生。他是阿拉伯人蒲壽庚的后代，“蒲”是他們的漢姓。蒲壽庚于宋朝末年把阿拉伯的造香技術帶到泉州。

蒲海星（蒲良宮之子）：（通過翻譯）我們做出來的香是中國香，體現了中國文化，具有中國特色，它并不是阿拉伯香，這是阿拉伯后裔打造的中國品牌。“一帶一路”讓我們有機會把這個品牌推向世界。