ABSTRACTS

Viewpoints The Achievements and Enlightenment of China Public Diplomacy in Forty Years of Reform and Opening-up

Han Fangming · 1 ·

The year of 2018 celebrates the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up. Since the initiation of this program, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012, China’s public diplomacy has made speedy development with a series of achievements. China’s public diplomacy serves and benefits from reform and opening-up. This paper summarizes these achievements and discusses their enlightenment.

The Mission and Responsibility of Public Diplomacy under New Conditions

Lyu Fengding · 8 ·

Over the past four decades of China’s reform and opening-up, there have been amazing changes in its public diplomacy. An earlier version of this paper is a keynote speech at a workshop on China’s reform and opening-up and public diplomacy held by the Charhar Institute and Public Diplomacy Quarterly on July 20, 2018. The speech reviews the experiences of the amazing changes in, and explores ahead new tasks, new topics and new approaches of, China’s public diplomacy so as to keep pace with the new era.

SCO Will Shift from Innovative Regional Cooperation to Participation in Global Governance

Yu Hongjun · 12 ·

Of all the major countries, China has the most complicated and the most unpredictable environment along its borders. For safeguarding its own development as well as regional peace, China implements the policy of establishing friendly relations and forming partnerships with its neighbors, and makes its diplomacy along the borders an important link in its overall foreign affairs initiatives. China, along with a number of related countries, set up the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, precisely because China wished to create a new geopolitical landscape and bring in a new neighboring diplomatic situation.The main features and advantages of this eあort is to give equal importance to both bilateral and multilateral cooperation, link regional cooperation with other regions,and complement regional peaceful development with global governance.

Special Topic China’s Reform and Opening-up and Public Diplomacy Accelerating Legislation of Public Diplomacy

Jiang Weiqiang · 20 ·

Since the initiation of reform and opening-up, China’s public diplomacy has made steady development. This paper, which helps to developpublic diplomacy,focuses on the operating mechanism of Presence Switzerland arguing that China should improve its top-level design for public diplomacy and push for legislation that will provide institutional guarantee for China’s public diplomacy. Accelerating legislation of public diplomacy willbenef i t strategic planning and regulation, and raise the Chinese public’s awareness of public diplomacy.

Basic Mode of Journalist Diplomacy in the Form of Dialogue —Changes to the Press Salons of the All-China Journalists Association in the Last Decade

Zhong Xin & Cui Can · 25 ·

Whether a foreign journalist posted in China can have a deep understanding of China in a timely fashion is key to the quality of his or her reporting. A vitalpart of China’s media service and important form of journalistic diplomacy is providing information for foreign journalists. Having launched its fi rst press salon back on November 27, 2008, the All-China Journalists Association has been providing information to foreign reporters stationed in China while at the same time opening the salon to Chinese counterparts too. This has become a signature activity of the association. Focusing on topics and issues foreign journalists are interested in, the Press Salon has been working hard to plan the theme of each event, inviting renowned experts, scholars and related public officials to present background information and authoritative interpretation, as well as to answer questions. The purpose of hosting such event is to help foreign journalists correctly understand and therefore report China objectively. By July 25, 2018,122 of such press salon sessions had been held. Based on analysis of topics of the events and interviews with the organizers and participants, this paper explores their frequency, forms, topics, and speakers to reveal the basic mode of conducting journalistic diplomacy through dialogues and shed some light on the underlying patterns of face-to-face information service for media.

China’s International Communication after 1978

Zhao Xinli · 33 ·

Over the past four decades of reform and opening-up, China’s international communication has achieved prominent success. Reform and opening-up reactivated China’s international communication and led to the change of the country and its image. It has also drastically improved the system of China’s international communication, enriching its channels and making its concept more balanced.

Public Diplomacy Capacity Development System

Zhou Xinyu · 40 ·

When meeting Chinese diplomatic officials at a national conference,President Xi Jinping spoke on strengthening the capacity of conducting publicdiplomacy. What constitutes public diplomacy? What does it entail? How to bring up people to engage in public diplomacy? These are critical questions.Targeting readers in public diplomacy management, this paper is an attempt to oあer preliminary propositions on the questions above, on the basis of extensive studies of Chinese specialists in public diplomacy and research of achievements of academic conferences.

Comments China’s Dilemma in the Belt and Road Initiative

Wang Yiwei · 44 ·

Recently, at the invitation of the Department of Asian Aあairs of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the writer of this paper joined a delegation to the Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA). He also served as head of delegations to Manila, Brunei, Sabah, Kuala Lumpur,and Jakarta. From his conversations with Southeast Asian politicians, scholars,business executives, and journalists on how to align the Belt and Road Initiative with the BIMP-EAGA, he strongly feels China faces a dilemma of the Belt and Road Initiative. The paper discusses this dilemma.

International Opinion on the Political Identity of the Chinese People

Chen Yasai & Yun Xinlei · 51 ·

Political identity refers to the emotion and sense of belonging in the social life and political participation on the part of the citizens, which is one of the benchmarks for evaluating political institution, theory, and practice of that country. Most U.S. media hold negative beliefs toward the political identity of the Chinese people. Their narrow-minded and prejudiced stance implies their selfcenteredness and ignores China’s unique history and social experience. Their views also ref l ect American hegemony in international discourse. China should be active in responding to this reality, gaining more media inf l uence and contributing to a more open, inclusive, orderly, and competitive global media system.

China-Africa Economic and Trade Cooperation in the Post-WTO Era

Sun Xiaoguang & Cui Lei · 59 ·

In June 2018, U.S. President Trump announced U.S. would levy more tariあs on imports from China, the European Union, and Japan, dragging itself and the rest of the world into dark shadow of tariffs and trade war. Distrust between WTO members and seclusion has led to much suspicion around multilateral trade system. Therefore, in the post-WTO era, bilateral cooperation and trade is a prominent and important issue. Since the China-Africa Cooperation Forum held in 2000, China-Africa ties has been continuously strengthened. Moreover,Chinese and African economies are highly complementary. In the post-WTO era,strengthening China-Africa cooperation and trade is a pragmatic signif i cance to both sides.

Increasing China’s Soft Power in Southeast Asia

Huang Hong · 65 ·

Public opinion polls and surveys in recent years in Southeast Asian countries show China needs to increase its soft power in these countries. The author undertook an analysis of the current situation of China’s soft power in Southeast Asia in government and non-government domains and argues that person-toperson communication would serve as a supplement to the governmental eあorts and help to strengthen China’s soft power in the region.

New Bright Spots in the Judicial Cooperation of Shanghai Cooperation Organization — Analyzing the 13th Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)

Lian Yang · 72 ·

Trust is a precondition of healthy international relations. Reinforcing trust is the basis of win-win cooperation between two countries. Covenants like international treaties or international agreements are essential for reinforcing trust. Such covenants can only be reached through suきcient dialogue and judicial cooperation. The Meeting of Supreme Court Chief Justices from the ShanghaiCooperation Organization (SCO) was held for such dialogue and cooperation that would help reach consensus. There were a number of bright spots at the 13th meeting convened in China in 2018. Modern technology brought convenience to judicial conducts and contributed to the legal dimension of the Belt and Road Initiative. Moreover, the unique innovative experiences of Chinese courts added glamor to the meeting.

Interview The 21st Century Is a Century of Public Diplomacy — An Interview with Yasutaka Kojima, a Well-known Figure of China-Japan Friendship

Zhao Xinli · 78 ·

Yasutaka Kojima is a religious leader who was born in 1942 in Nagoya,Japan. In 1966 he founded a jeweler, which became a public company with 161 stores after 26 years. Thirty years later he withdrew from the position of the company’s CEO and became a monk in 1987. He has been an advisor on cultural aあairs for the government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, representative of the Academic Research Organization for the Niya Ruin of Bukkyo University in Japan, and visiting research fellow at Tsinghua University. He is more than a monk from Japan. He has also been a prominent contributor to preserving Xinjiang’s historic and cultural heritages and advocate for international society’s understanding of Xinjiang under the reform and opening-up policy. Some people describe him as “Abe no Nakamaro of our times”. Recently Public Diplomacy Quarterly had an interview with him.

Charhar Roundtable Meeting China’s Reform and Opening-up and Public Diplomacy

Lyu Fengding & Zhao Kejin et al · 85 ·

The year of 2018 marks the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and openingup, a milestone policy that had changed China’s fate. Since 1978, China has made economic and social progress that has caught world-wide attention. It has also led to profound changes in China’s relationship with the rest of the world. China’spublic diplomacy has created favorable international opinions for the country’s development. In the new era, China’s public diplomacy now faces new missions and tasks. On July 20, 2018, the Charhar Institute and Public Diplomacy Quarterly co-organized a symposium on China’s reform and opening-up and public diplomacy. This paper presents the views of the speakers at the symposium.

Case Studies How Seoul Views Its Global Competitiveness?

Zhang Peng · 93 ·

In recent years, Seoul in South Korea ranks top in global cities, largely thanks to its eあort to improve its global competitiveness. The ancient city has only seen a short period of fi ve decades of urbanization which began in the 1960s and 1970s. Supported by the disclosure of the information of Seoul’s participation in the Global Power City Index (GPCI) on the website of the Seoul Metropolitan Government and interviews conducted in Seoul, the author believes that Seoul is able to keep its smart competitiveness among global cities because it has joined all important international inter-city organizations, attached importance to and maintained the fi rst place of specif i c rankings, and collaborated with a wide array of major global city ranking organizations.

The Sister Cities of Tianjin and the Role of City Diplomacy —Friendship Between Tianjin and Chiba

Zhang Nan · 99 ·

City diplomacy is an effective measure to conduct public diplomacy and international sister city is a great way to conduct city diplomacy. In June 1973,Tianjin became the fi rst Chinese city to have an international sister city -- Kobe in Japan. Thanks to its friendship with Kobe, Tianjin later cemented friendly relationships with two more Japanese sister cities -- Yokkaichi in 1980 and Chiba in 1986. This paper traces the history and introduces the current situation of the friendship between Tianjin and Chiba, arguing that sister city is important to political, economic, and cultural diplomacy. At present, with improved China-Japan relations, Tianjin should fully leverage its traditional strength to exchange and cooperate with Japan to contribute to China-Japan friendly exchanges.

History Chinese Media’s Contribution to the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression — The Media of the Republic of China’s Understanding of the Imperial General Headquarters

Liu Shuliang & Shi Yanrong · 106 ·

During the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,Chinese academics and media professionals proactively used journalism to expose the invasion of China by Japanese militarists so as to call on the Chinese public to resist Japanese aggression. They analyzed in details the Imperial General Headquarters, the brain of Japanese aggression in China, unveiling its feudality,aggressiveness, and predicting its inevitable doom. Their writings richly informed the Chinese government and citizens on the Imperial General Headquarters and the war. They served as an important part of the contribution of the media of the Republic of China to resist Japanese aggression, strongly influenced the public opinion and raised people’s awareness at the time. The truths and keenness in those articles are still valuable to contemporary readers.

Book Review Cultural Diplomacy and Improving China’s Image Through Storytelling — A Book Review of Cross-cultural Communication:Effectively Promoting a Nation’s Image

Liang Guojie · 113 ·

Strengthening cross-cultural communication through cultural diplomacy and deepening cross-cultural understanding through effectively telling China’s story to the foreign audience are important ways to foster understanding between peoples and building a global community of shared future. Xu Bo’s Cross-cultural Communication: Eあectively Promoting a Nation’s Image (Fudan University Press,January 2018) is centered on communicating well across different cultures. Xuuses actual examples and cases about cultural diplomacy to illustrate the category,method, and strategy of cross-cultural communication. It combines broad global view with real-life situations to explore the ideas and innovative practices promoting China’s image overseas, contributing to our understanding of bridging the gap between cultures and telling China’s story to the foreign audience.

How to Globalize Chinese Brands? — A Book Review on Shigeo Okazaki’s Globalizing Chinese Brands

Huang Shuang · 119 ·

As China’s reform and opening-up and the Belt and Road Initiative continue,Chinese companies are increasingly internationalized and the globalization of Chinese brands draws growing attention. China, as a developing country,should emulate brand building of developed countries, particularly their brand globalization. In Globalizing Chinese brands (China Communication University Press, June 2016), Okazaki, a brand building practitioner, not only introduces the experiences and lessons of brand globalization of Japan and other developed countries, but also offers his insights on how to globalize Chinese brands. This book is a work of importance on the subject.