劉原華 魏偉 牛新亮
關鍵詞: 岸基; 理論模型; 相關時間; 冪函數模型; 海面風速反演; 有理函數模型; 數據擬合
中圖分類號: TN911.1?34; TP7 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號: 1004?373X(2019)01?0065?03
Abstract: Under the shore?based condition, the waves can′t fully grow. The theoretical model of wave spectrum is not enough to fully describe the relationship between relevant time and wind speed. The empirical model with power function form is generally used to invert the wind speed of the sea surface. In this paper, a new empirical model with rational function form is proposed to replace the traditional empirical model with power function form for sea surface wind speed inversion. The experimental data shows that the correlation coefficient between wind speed inversed by the new empirical model with rational function form and actual wind is 0.986 2, and the root mean square error is 0.45 m/s. In comparison with the traditional exponential model with power function form, the correlation coefficient is increased by 0.80%, and the root mean square error is decreased by 20.19%.
Keywords: shore base; theory model; correlation time; power function model; sea surface wind speed inversion; rational function model; data fitting
全球導航衛星定位系統反射信號(GNSS?R)是20世紀90年代逐漸發展起來的全球導航定位系統衛星系統(GNSS)的一個分支,利用GNSS?R技術反演海面風速是一種新的海風觀測方法[1?4]。
岸基條件下,由于海浪不能充分生長,海浪譜的理論模型將不能準確地描述相關時間與海面風速的關系[5],故需要針對海域特點建立相應的經驗模型,目前一般使用的是冪函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速。
本文提出有理函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速。首先介紹了傳統冪函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速的方法,在此基礎上提出有理函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速的方法,經過試驗證明,有理函數形式的經驗模型反演結果相比冪函數形式的經驗模型反演結果其相關系數提高了0.80%,均方根誤差降低了20.19%。
岸基條件下,海面風速一般可以通過干涉復數場(ICF)相關時間反演得到。
將[FRt]定義為GNSS反射信號最大相關值對應的復數相關時間序列,[FDt]定義為GNSS直射信號最大相關值對應的復數相關時間序列,干涉復數場函數為[6]:



通過有理函數形式的經驗模型反演風速值與實測風速對比,得到有理函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速的均方根誤差為0.450 6 m/s。
本文提出有理函數形式的經驗模型取代冪函數形式的經驗模型反演海面風速,并用試驗數據對冪函數形式的經驗模型和有理函數形式的經驗模型進行對比分析。有理函數形式的經驗模型反演結果與冪函數形式的經驗模型反演結果相比,其相關系數由0.978 4提升為0.986 2,提高了0.80%;均方根誤差由0.564 6 m/s降低為0.450 6 m/s,降低了20.19%,證明了本文模型的可行性,為岸基海面風速反演提供了一種新的經驗模型。
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