高成 王怡豪 張雨琪 黃姣英
關鍵詞: 電學法; 達林頓管; 穩態熱阻; 測量方法; 誤差修正; 結溫
中圖分類號: TN389?34 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號: 1004?373X(2019)01?0108?05
Abstract: Thermal resistance as an important thermal performance parameter of the power device influences the junction temperature, and is used to determine the junction temperature and safe operating temperature range of the power device. The thermal resistance of each device has a certain deviation due to the technology problem, so the accurate thermal resistance value can′t be gotten from the product manual. According to the principle of using electrical method to measure the junction temperature, the Darlington tube BDW47G is taken as the test object, and its temperature coefficient [M] is -1.835 8 mV/℃ obtained by measurement and calculation. The measurement circuit is designed, the error caused by the delay time in the measurement is analyzed and corrected, and the accurate junction temperature of the Darlington tube is obtained when the delay time is zero. The measurement and calculation method of steady?state thermal resistance of Darlington tube is obtained. The method is helpful to obtain the critical thermal performance parameter of the device, and is convenient to obtain the accurate junction temperature for the tests (such as aging test).
Keywords: electrical method; Darlington tube; steady?state thermal resistance; measurement method; error correction; junction temperature
器件的穩態熱阻是指在施加恒定功率后,結溫[TJ]與殼溫[TC]均達到穩定狀態下所測得的熱阻。而瞬態熱阻是指在器件的功耗產生階躍性變化后,結溫[TJ]還未達到穩態時測得的熱阻,此時殼溫[TC]可能未變也可能未達到穩態[1]。達林頓管或者其他一些器件瞬態熱阻測量方法國內外均有所涉及,但是由于瞬態熱阻是一種不穩定狀態下的測試結果,熱敏感參數變化過小,對于測試儀器精度要求高,因此很難取得準確結果。而穩態熱阻測試條件接近于器件實際工作狀態,可良好反映出器件工作狀態下的熱性能參數,因此其應更加準確的給出,具有工程應用意義。
要實現器件穩態熱阻的測量,首先需要實現結溫的測量,目前的測量方法有紅外熱像法[2]與電學法[3?4]。紅外熱像法利用器件工作時的紅外輻射來確定溫度,但這種方法只能測量未封裝的器件,不能測量成品器件[5]。電學法利用器件電參數來表征器件內部溫度,是一種非破壞性、易操作且可用于批量檢測的方法[6?7]。
國內對于熱阻測量有成熟的技術與設備,如坤道公司生產的T3 Ster,其主要應用電學法測量原理,既能測試穩態熱阻,也能測試瞬態熱阻,但主要應用于各種三極管、二極管等器件。



1) 溫度系數[M]的測量利用高溫箱,步進溫度測量多點數據,進行線性擬合得出最終結果-1.835 8 mV/℃。試驗結果線性指數接近1且具有高精度,避免了單點測量可能帶來的誤差。
2) 針對[ΔVCE?t12d]冷卻模型進行試驗,所得數據線性關系強烈,保證了外推[ΔVCE]([t12d]=0)值的準確,并對誤差進行歸一化處理,得到通用的誤差處理方法。
3) 本文所述達林頓管穩態熱阻的測量方法可以很好地減小測量誤差,為提供器件較為準確的穩態熱阻提供依據。
本文僅完成了方法階段的研究工作,給出了穩態熱阻測量方法,為實現其在工程上的應用價值,還需要在以下幾點努力:
1) 為使測量方法的精度更高,仍需要優化電路設計使之盡量自動化控制,并自動采集電信號。
2) 本文試驗驗證采用外推法、歸一化處理來處理由于延遲時間[td]造成的誤差,此種方法是可行的。但是同一種型號產品不同器件所得到的誤差修正系數[k(td)]具有一定的離散性,需要進行批量測試,后期采取統計分析工作,為確定同一型號產品可信度高的[k(td)]提供依據。
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