?意見與建議

吉林 王天寶

★話題概述

在日常生活中，我們經(jīng)常需要就所面對(duì)的問題提出意見，或?qū)η笾娜颂岢鼋ㄗh。發(fā)表的意見和給出的建議可以涉及生活的方方面面。

就中學(xué)生而言，該類話題主要涉及家庭生活、同學(xué)關(guān)系以及自身學(xué)習(xí)三個(gè)方面。

★高頻詞語

1.suggest建議

2.lonely孤獨(dú)的

3.share分享

4.should應(yīng)該

5.help幫助

6.advise勸告

7.make/be friends with...成為/是……朋友

8.be friendly to...對(duì)……友好

9.take an interest in...對(duì)……感興趣

10.develop a good habit of doing...養(yǎng)成做……的好習(xí)慣

11.get along well with...與……相處融洽

12.a few friends幾個(gè)朋友

13.a good choice一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇

14.be/get used to習(xí)慣于

15.play a part in sth.參與某事

★提分句型

1.I am sorry to hear th at you have trouble/problem s/difficulties(in)doing...聽說你做……有困難，我很難過/遺憾。

2.You said you always felt lonely because of having few friends.你說你因?yàn)闆]什么朋友老是感覺很孤獨(dú)。

3.It’s a good choice to do sth. 做某 事 是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。

4.You will find it is easy/difficult to do sth.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是容易的/困難的。

5.Doing sth.will help you a lot.做某事會(huì)給你很大的幫助。

6.If you try to do sth.,it will be of great help to you.如果你努力做某事，那么這將會(huì)對(duì)你有極大的幫助。

7.Follow it,and you surely will...如果你照這樣去做的話，那么你一定會(huì)……

8.You will find it useful/helpful/of great help to you.你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這對(duì)你很有用/很有幫助/有極大的幫助。

9.Why not do.../Why don’t you do...?為什么不……呢？

10.You’d better do sth.你最好做某事。

11.It’s a good idea that...……是個(gè)好主意。

12.It’s better to do sth.最好去做某事。

13.I think you should do...我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該做……

14.I suggest/advise you (should)do...我建議你做……

15.What about/How about doing...?做……怎么樣呢？

★萬能模板

模板一活動(dòng)參與類

We are going to do...Some people say we should...Others say we should...

However,I think we should...Firstly,...Secondly,...Thirdly,...

If we can do...It will...I hope...

模板二勸說安慰類

I am sorry to hear that(sb.’s first problem).I think that sb.should...In this way,sb.can...Besides,...On the other hand, (sb.’s second problem).In my opinion,sb.should...In addition,...I hope sb.will...

Good luck with...

★佳作欣賞

Dear Ben,

I am sorry to hear that you have trouble getting used to life in middle school.In your letter you said you always felt lonely because of having few friends.I think it is a good choice to join some clubs in your school.In this way,you can make more friends with who share the same interest with you.Besides,you’d better be friendly to others.Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return.On the other hand,you found it is difficult to remember English words.Reading more English stories and news can help you learn English words in a practical way.In addition,if you can develop a good habit of keeping an English diary every day,it will be easier for you to rem ember more words.I hope you will find these suggestions useful.

Good luck with everything!

Li Hua

【權(quán)威點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本文是一封回信，作者就對(duì)方在人際關(guān)系以及學(xué)習(xí)上的困難等方面提出了自己的建議。所提的建議都是正面引導(dǎo)，這對(duì)有類似問題的人來說有著借鑒的作用。

本文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，層次清楚，語言規(guī)范，句式靈活。它既為學(xué)生豐富了語言材料，又為學(xué)生英語寫作提供了范本。

短語“on the other hand”將全文的前后兩部分（“心理孤獨(dú)感”和“學(xué)習(xí)上的困難”）聯(lián)系在一起，其脈絡(luò)顯得十分清晰。

文章的第一句 “you have trouble getting used to life in middle school”點(diǎn)出對(duì)方在中學(xué)生活中遇到的困難，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文，引出了兩個(gè)困難的話題以及作者所提的建議。該句與文章最后一句 “I hope you will find these suggestions useful”首尾呼應(yīng)，使文章結(jié)構(gòu)完整、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。

作者用“you always felt lonely because of having few friends”簡(jiǎn)要地轉(zhuǎn)述對(duì)方遇到的第一個(gè)困難及其產(chǎn)生的原因。接著有的放矢地提出解決問題的兩個(gè)建議∶⑴Join some clubs(to make more friends)； ⑵Be friendly to others。隨之，作者用介詞短語“on the other hand”引出對(duì)方遇到的另一個(gè)困難 “difficult to remember new words”，并就此提出兩個(gè)建議：⑴Read more English stories and news；⑵Keep an English diary every day。 其中“Doing sth.can help you...” 和 “If...,it will be easier for sb.to do...”句型，與前面的建議句型比較起來，避免了重復(fù)，讓句式多樣、語言豐富。

作者就兩個(gè)困難分別提出的兩個(gè)建議都具有科學(xué)的指導(dǎo)意義。讀完全文，同學(xué)們既得到了可明確解決類似問題的方法，又豐富了英語知識(shí)，學(xué)到了寫作技巧。

★思路點(diǎn)撥

表達(dá)意見和提出建議的文章，一般是先通過敘述引出客觀存在的問題（有的可以簡(jiǎn)要地說明一下產(chǎn)生問題的原因），然后分別就其問題提出自己的意見和建議。每一條建議之后，最好能加上簡(jiǎn)單的評(píng)價(jià)或展望。

在行文時(shí)，我們往往需要恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂帽硎窘ㄗh類的句型。為避免出現(xiàn)文章語言貧乏、句型單一的現(xiàn)象，我們應(yīng)盡可能地多使用不同的句型，如簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)合句、長(zhǎng)句和短句等交替使用。

為了使文章層次清楚、銜接緊密，可以使用一些連接詞和過渡詞，如：besides、in addition、on the other hand等等。

這類文章多用第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)為主。

★典題例解

Building better teamwork The problem Helpful suggestions Some team members are not active in...●Set some team rules together.●Talk with each other in a friendly way.●Discuss the problem with your teachers,...●...

Simon是一位學(xué)習(xí)小組長(zhǎng)，他在組織小組活動(dòng)時(shí)，遇到了組員不積極參與的情況。

請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示，以“Building better teamwork”為題，寫一篇英語短文，提出你的建議。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.詞數(shù)在100詞左右（文章開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。

2.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名、校名等信息。

3.文章必須包含所提供的主要信息，可作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

Building better teamwork

Teamwork can have a good influence on students’daily study.But_________________

【寫作提示】

1.審題立意

從題目要求和所給的材料看，本文要求考生就建立更好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作（teamwork）提出自己的建議，屬于應(yīng)用文體裁。

文章應(yīng)該著力于陳述團(tuán)隊(duì)合作有利于共同進(jìn)步的重要性，并具體提出如何進(jìn)行有效合作的建議，最后提出自己的希望。

行文時(shí)，應(yīng)該盡可能用詞準(zhǔn)確，使上下文自然銜接和過渡。

2.布局謀篇

文章一開始不妨簡(jiǎn)要地?cái)⑹鲆幌聠栴}以及問題的來源，指出建立良好的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。然后依據(jù)所給的材料，并結(jié)合自己的看法來提出建議。最后一句可以呼應(yīng)文章開頭，再次指出建立良好團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的好處，升華主題。

3.語句表達(dá)

文章中的三個(gè)建議可以分別以firstly、secondly和thirdly來劃分層次。每一個(gè)建議最好能用不同的句型來表達(dá)。

起始句“Teamwork can have a good influence on students’daily study.”已指出團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。接著，提出實(shí)際存在的問題，可參考所給材料用 “some team members are not active in...”。隨后，表明作者的態(tài)度，再次強(qiáng)調(diào)建立團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的重要性。接著用“I suggest that we should.../We should.../We can...”等句子來表達(dá)所要提出的建議。最后可用類似“Better teamwork can help us make progress.”的句子來升華主題，結(jié)束全文。

4.語法建議

全文應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)為主，適當(dāng)使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should和can。主體人稱鎖定在第一人稱。

【參考范文】

Building better teamwork

Teamwork can have a good influence on students’daily study.But some team members are not active in completing tasks.We should make them understand the importance of teamwork and encourage them to take part in different activities.How can we build better teamwork? Here are some suggestions.Firstly,we should set some team rules together.Every member is a part of the team.We should pull together and work hard to achieve our goals.Secondly,we should talk with each other in a friendly way for our goal.Thirdly,we can discuss the problem with our teachers and get some help from them.

If we build better teamwork,we can make great progress.

★即時(shí)練筆

假定你是班長(zhǎng)李華，請(qǐng)回復(fù)新同學(xué)Mike的求助郵件，給他至少三條建議并說明理由。詞數(shù)80～100（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）。

To∶Li Hua From∶Mike Hi Li Hua,You know I am new here.I found it is hard for me to get along well with people here.When I have trouble with m y study,I don’t know how to get help.I really want to be a good part of the class.Would you please give me some advice?I am looking forward to your reply.Mike To∶Mike From∶Li Hua Hi Mike,Li Hua