Adequate colors help keep clinical depression away

湖南岳陽華容二中 嚴國斌

是什么在牽動著你的喜怒哀樂?每天我們都被各種因素影響著情緒，最近有研究發現光線竟然也能影響人的情緒，我們一起來看看是怎么回事吧。

聽力掃障

1.clinical depression臨床抑郁癥

2.overnightadj.一夜之間的

3.hamstern.倉鼠

4.nocturnaladj.夜間活動的

5.disruptionn.中斷；破裂

6.muck up搞亂；搞糟

7.circadianadj.晝夜節律的

8.phenotypen.表現型 （尤指生物體的可觀測性狀）

9.photosensitiveadj.感光的

10.retinan.視網膜

11.bluishadj.略帶藍色的

掃碼聽測

Ⅰ.聽力理解

聽錄音并閱讀5個簡短的陳述，根據錄音內容判斷這些陳述是否符合所聽內容，本題考查重點是學生對意義的理解能力和信息獲取能力。

In this section，you will hear a passage.After you hear the passage， decide whether each of the statement is correct（A）， incorrect（B） or not mentioned （C）.

1 2 C l i n i c a l d e p r e s s i o n i s u s e d t o d e s c r i b e a s l i g h t f o r m o f d e p r e s s i o n.T h e e x p e r i m e n t c h o s e h a m s t e r s b e c a u s e o f t h e i r l i v i n g h a b i t s.A B C A B C 3 T h e a n i m a l s i n t h e e x p e r i m e n t w e r e d i v i d e d i n t o f i v e g r o u p s.A B C 4 5 P h o t o s e n s i t i v e c e l l s i n t h e r e t i n a h a v e m u c h t o d o w i t h e y e s i g h t.M r N e l s o n s u g g e s t s u s i n g f i l t e r e d g l a s s e s o r f i l t e r s f o r l e s s b l u i s h l i g h t.A B C A B C

Ⅱ.文本理解

一邊聽錄音一邊閱讀以下文字材料，根據你所聽到的內容選擇正確的答案。需要理解的內容是錄音材料中涉及的關鍵信息。

1.In which case is a person likely to develop clinical depression according to the text？

A.Living or working in dim light.

B.Seeing yellow color late at night.

C.Losing interest or pleasure in most activities.

2.How many groups were the hamsters divided into in the experiment？

A.Six. B.Four. C.Three.

3.What animals appeared to be the most depressed？

A.Those sleeping foldable red light.B.Those sleeping in dark white light.

C.Those sleeping in blue and white light.

文本解說

本文是一篇科普文章，講述的是房間里的光線與人的健康之間的關系：晚上在昏暗光線下生活或工作的人可能會導致臨床抑郁癥，導致患者對大部分活動失去興趣或樂趣，體能差，有死亡或自殺的想法。

題材文章詞數健康4 0 8 難度 ★★★體裁建議用時說明文7′

Some colors that people see late at night could cause signs of the condition mental health experts callclinical depression.That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings.They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of lightovernightcan develop clinical depression.Doctors use the words clinical depression to describe a severe form of depression.Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities，low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

In the new study，American investigators designed an experiment that exposedhamstersto different colors.The researchers chose hamsters because they arenocturnal，which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups.One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period.Another group was placed in foldable blue light，a third group slept in foldable white light，while a fourth was put in foldable red light.After four weeks，the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank.They found that the more depressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University.He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed.

“What we saw is these animals didn't show any sleepdisruptionsat all but they did havemucked up circadianclock genes and they did show depressivephenotypeswhereas if they were in the dim red light， they did not.”

Randy Nelson notes thatphotosensitivecells in theretinahave little to do with eyesight.He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.He says there's a lot of blue in white light；this explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters see red light or darkness.

Mr Nelson has suggestions for people who worklateatnight，orthosewholiketostayuplate.

“My recommendation is if you are just living a typical mostly active life during the day，mostly inactive at night，you want to limit exposure to TVs which are quitebluishin the light they give off and computer screens and things like that.You can get filtered glasses；you can get filters on your computer screen and filters on your eReaders to put it more in the reddish light.”

科普類的文章在閱讀時要把握文章的“主線”，如科研結論、科研過程、科研方法、科研結論，以及應用前景等。本文的文章結構如下：

Part 1（Para.1）——研究結論（光線影響健康）

Part 2（Para.2～Para.4）——實驗介紹（過程+方法+結果+原因）

Part 3（Para.5～Para.6）——試驗后的建議（“夜貓子”們要戴過濾鏡或使用過濾器）

寫作推薦

科學實驗類文章寫作語言素材積累

介紹科研結果：

That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings.

這是基于早些研究發現的一項研究的結果。

They show that...這些表明……

介紹實驗過程：

In the new study，...designed an experiment that...在該新研究中，……設計了一個實驗……

The researchers chose...because...研究人員選擇……是因為……

The animals were separated into four groups.One group of...was...；another group was...， a third group...，while a fourth...這些動物被分為4組。一組……；另一組……；第三組……，而第四組……。

介紹實驗結果：

The researchers noted...；They found that...研究人員記錄了……；他們發現……

介紹建議：

My recommendation is...；You can...

我的建議是……；你可以……