摩擦摩擦！靜電充電

西安外國語大學 楊艷鑫

靜電是我們日常生活中常見的現象。早上梳頭時，頭發經常“飄”起來；晚上脫衣服會有噼啪的聲響。但是，你聽說過靜電還可以充電嗎？讓我們跟著這篇文章來一探究竟吧。

題材文章詞數科學技術332 難度 ★★★體裁建議用時說明文6′

海詞積累

1.shufflev.拖著腳走；坐立不安

2.ubiquitousadj.普遍存在的

3.numericaladj.用數字表示的；數字的

4.frictionn.摩擦

Have you ever had your hair stand up straight after putting on a shirt fresh from the dryer?Or have you ever been shocked by a door handle aftershufflingyour feet over the carpet?Of course you have，because static electricity is all around us.It's aphenomenonsoubiquitousthat we don't often think too much about it.

But scientists are starting to think more about it，especiallyin regard toour electronic devices，reportsScience Daily.What if we could use the power of the static electricity all around us，to power our devices?It's a question that's surprisingly difficult to answer，in part because we know less than you might think about this phenomenon.

“Nearly everyone has zapped （打擊）their finger on a doorknob （球形門拉手）or seen child's hair stick to a balloon.Toincorporatethis energy into our electronics，we must better understand the driving forces behind it，” said James Chen， PhD， and co-author of a recent study on the causes of static electricity.

Chen's theory is that it has something to do with tiny structural changes that occur at the surface of materials when they come into contact with each other.To test what happens at this microscopic scale，Chen and his team are developing nano-materials that can not only measure what's happening on the tiniest structural levels，but which are potentially capable of controlling and harvesting static electricity as it forms.The early results arepromising.

“The idea our study presents directly answers this ancient mystery，and it has the potential to unify the existing theory.Thenumericalresults areconsistentwith the published experimentalobservations，” said Chen.

“Thefrictionbetween your fingers and your smartphone screen，the friction between your wrist and smart watch，even the friction between your shoe and the ground.These are great potential sources of energy that we can tap（利用） into，” said Chen.“Eventually， this research can increase our economic security and help society by reducing our need for conventional sources of power.”

Reading Check

1.Which of the following can produce static electricity?

A.Putting feet over the carpet.

B.Sticking children's hair to the balloon.

C.Wearing smart watch on the wrist.

D.Slipping fingers over the smartphone screen.

2.What's the main idea of the text?

A.The introduction to a new power.B.The importance of static electricity.C.The research about using the static electricity in our devices.D.The significance of reducing the conventional sources of power.

Language Study

Ⅰ.Important vocabulary in the text

1.phenomenonn.現象

2.incorporatev.包含；吸收

3.promisingadj.有希望的；有前途的

4.consistentadj.一致的；相符的

5.observationn.觀察；觀測

6.in regard to至于；關于

Ⅱ.Complete the following sentences.

1.如果我們能利用我們周圍的靜電為我們的設備供電，那會怎么樣？_______we could use the power of the static electricity all around us，to power our devices?

2.我們的研究提出的觀點直接回答了這個古老的謎團，它有可能統一現有的理論。

The idea our study presents directly answers this ancient mystery，and _______unify the existing theory.