邵俊崗 郝亞楠



摘要:為探求不同時(shí)期國(guó)際原油價(jià)格、干散貨船運(yùn)力增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)波羅的海干散貨運(yùn)價(jià)指數(shù)(Baltic dry index,BDI)的運(yùn)態(tài)影響,運(yùn)用時(shí)變參數(shù)向量自回歸(time-varying parameter vector auto-regressive, TVP-VAR)模型進(jìn)行研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)際原油價(jià)格和干散貨船運(yùn)力增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)BDI的影響呈現(xiàn)時(shí)變特征。國(guó)際原油價(jià)格對(duì)BDI的沖擊以正向?yàn)橹?在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不穩(wěn)定期間,這種沖擊更加明顯,且隨著滯后期數(shù)的增加沖擊強(qiáng)度逐漸變小。干散貨船運(yùn)力增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)BDI沖擊以負(fù)向?yàn)橹?在航運(yùn)市場(chǎng)不景氣時(shí),這種沖擊更大;不同時(shí)期,這種沖擊隨著滯后期數(shù)的增加呈現(xiàn)不同的強(qiáng)度變化。發(fā)現(xiàn)自2005年以來,國(guó)際原油價(jià)格比干散貨船運(yùn)力增長(zhǎng)率對(duì)BDI的影響更大。
關(guān)鍵詞:波羅的海干散貨運(yùn)價(jià)指數(shù)(BDI); 國(guó)際原油價(jià)格; 干散貨船運(yùn)力增長(zhǎng)率; 時(shí)變特征
中圖分類號(hào): U695.2;F740
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A
Abstract:In order to explorethe dynamic impact of the international crude oil price and the dry bulk shipping capacity growth rate on?the Baltic dry index (BDI) in different periods, the time-varying parameter vector auto-regressive (TVP-VAR) model is used to studythe impact. It is found that the impact of the international crude oil price and the dry bulk shipping capacity growth rate on BDI is time-varying. The impact of the international crude oil price on BDI is mainly positive; during the unstable period of world economy, the impact is more obvious, and the impact strength gradually decreases with the increase of lag period. The impact of the dry bulk shipping capacity growth rate on BDI is mainly negative; when the shipping market is sluggish, the impact is greater; in different periods, the impact shows different intensity changes with the increase of lag period. It is found that since 2005, the international crude oil price has had a greater impact on BDI than the dry bulk shipping capacity growth rate.
0 引 言
2018年6月15日,美國(guó)政府宣布,將對(duì)從中國(guó)進(jìn)口的約500億美元商品加征25%的關(guān)稅,其中對(duì)約340億美元商品自2018年7月6日起實(shí)施加征關(guān)稅,另外160億美元商品自2018年8月23日起實(shí)施加征關(guān)稅。中國(guó)被迫反擊,國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)稅稅則委員會(huì)發(fā)布公告,對(duì)原產(chǎn)于美國(guó)的659項(xiàng)約500億美元進(jìn)口商品加征25%的關(guān)稅,其中545項(xiàng)約340億美元商品自2018年7月6日起實(shí)施加征關(guān)稅,114項(xiàng)約160億商品自2018年8月23日起實(shí)施加征關(guān)稅。這意味著世界上最大的兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)開始了。另外,美國(guó)與歐盟、日本、加拿大、墨西哥、印度、土耳其等大搞貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端,美國(guó)2018年3月宣布對(duì)進(jìn)口鋼鐵和鋁產(chǎn)品分別加征25%和10%的關(guān)稅,歐盟決定對(duì)價(jià)值28億歐元的美國(guó)產(chǎn)品加征25%的關(guān)稅,印度、土耳其、墨西哥等國(guó)也宣布擬對(duì)美國(guó)采取反制措施。……