陳夢佳 蔣高明 張燕婷 李欣欣
摘要:為解決傳統經編三維間隔鞋材提花組織和花色不豐富、生產效率低的問題,提出一種在高速經編賈卡機器上編織雙色提花鞋材的方法。利用電子賈卡可以同時在針前橫移和針背橫移時進行偏移的特點,結合組織結構和賈卡偏移控制信息與偏移時刻,形成成圈組織、網孔組織、缺墊組織和重經組織,豐富了提花組織結構;利用賈卡梳櫛半機號配置特點,在奇數縱行和偶數縱行的賈卡導紗針分別穿不同染色性能的紗線,配合組織結構設計形成具有雙色提花效應的布面效果。以具體工藝為例,介紹了雙色賈卡提花鞋材的工藝設計方法,包括原料選擇、工藝參數設計、染色整理等,開發的鞋材具有良好的穿著舒適性和美觀性,可以為其他經編提花面料的開發提供理論參考依據。
關鍵詞:經編;鞋材;賈卡提花;雙色提花;工藝設計
中圖分類號:TS184.3文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1009-265X(2020)01-0036-06
Study on Twocolor Jacquard Processes for Wrapknitting Shoe Fabric
CHEN Mengjia1, JIANG Gaoming1, ZHANG Yanting1, LI Xinxin2
Abstract:In order to solve the problems of few structures and colors of traditional warpknitted threedimensional spacer jacquard fabric and low production efficiency, a method of weaving twocolor jacquard shoe fabric with highspeed warp knitting Jacquard machine is proposed in this study. The structure of jacquard has been enriched by forming looped tissue, mesh structure, missing pad tissue and heavy tissue based on the feature that electronic Jacquard can shift while lateral moving in front and rear of knitting needle simultaneously in combination with organizational structure, Jacquard transfer control information and transfer moments. According to the characteristics of jacquard comb number configuration, the cloth surface with twocolor jacquard effect was designed and formed in combination with the organizational structure by threading jacquard guide needles in odd and even longitudinal rows respectively with yarns of different dyeing properties. In this study, a processes design method of twocolor jacquard shoe fabrics was introduced by taking specific processes as an example, including raw material selection, process parameter design, dyeing finishing and so on. The shoe fabric developed in this study has good wearing comfort and aesthetics. This method can provide theoretical reference for the development of other warpknitted jacquard fabrics.
Key words:warpknitting; shoe fabric; jacquard; twocolor; process design
傳統經編鞋材以經編間隔織物為主,一方面間隔織物利用組織結構變化形成提花效應,提花效果不夠豐富且難以實現雙色提花效應,另一方面經編雙針床的編織效率較低,開機速率和機器幅寬都不如單針床經編機。單層經編織物具有結實、易洗、不易變形、穿著舒適的特點,可以滿足消費者對運動鞋面材料的服用性、功能性和個性化方面的追求,深受消費者的喜愛,因此廣泛用于夏季運動鞋面。以一款用經編單層賈卡提花鞋面材料作為運動鞋面的舉例如圖1。
1雙色賈卡提花原理
經編雙色提花鞋面織物由賈卡經編機編織而成,編織單層雙色提花鞋面時,需要采用3~4把梳櫛[1]。該類織物作為一種新型的鞋面材料,花型效果豐富,由于編鏈及襯緯的作用,織物的橫向縱向保形性好,手感挺括,深受消費者的喜愛。
傳統的賈卡提花技術中,賈卡導紗針只在導紗梳櫛進行針背橫移時產生偏移,利用導紗梳櫛針背橫移針距數不同,可以形成網孔組織效應、薄組織效應和厚組織效應等,并通過這些效應隨機組合,構成結構提花的花紋效果。成圈型賈卡的針前偏移一般常應用在雙針床賈卡經編機上生產提花連褲襪,無縫服裝等[2],通過控制邊緣部分的賈卡針,選擇性的在前針床或者后針床相應的針上成圈或者缺墊,從而實現前后片織物的無縫連接。此外,通過控制賈卡導紗針在針前橫移時的偏移信息可以形成缺墊、單針成圈和重經3種效應,再加上針背橫移針距數的不同形成的各種效應,織物的花紋效果更為豐富,立體效果更強[2]。