瀾湄合作 重慶助力

賀煜

2016年3月23日，瀾湄合作機制正式啟動，標志著“同飲一江水”的6個國家，致力于結成更加緊密的“命運共同體、發展共同體、合作共同體”。

瀾湄合作第十次外交聯合工作組會在重慶舉行

2020年1月16日，瀾湄合作第十次外交聯合工作組會在重慶舉行，會議由瀾湄合作外交聯合工作組中方組長、外交部亞洲司副司長毛寧與老撾組長、老外交部經濟司副司長宋蓬共同主持，柬埔寨、緬甸、泰國、越南工作組長參加。會議回顧了2018年12月第四次外長會以來瀾湄合作進展，討論了未來合作方向。

近年來，瀾湄合作的熱度在重慶持續走高。重慶市政府外辦、市中新項目管理局、市政府口岸物流辦、巴南區、江津區，以及重慶公路物流基地建設有限公司、重慶公運東盟國際物流有限公司、江津綜保區管委會等部門及單位，為重慶加速融入瀾湄合作、促進我國與湄公河五國在各領域合作，積極努力，獻計獻策。

依托“陸海新通道”，聯動“一帶一路”與長江經濟帶

口岸物流方面，重慶與湄公河五國均開通有直航客運航線，還與越南有貨運航線。目前，重慶與湄公河五國的物流運輸主要依托“陸海新通道”進行，形成了鐵海聯運班列、國際鐵路聯運班列、跨境公路班車3種主要物流組織方式，有效聯動起“一帶一路”與長江經濟帶。

周邊國家也對“陸海新通道”表現出極大興趣。2019年國慶節前夕，中國駐越南大使館、越南計劃投資部戰略研究院聯合舉辦了“國際陸海貿易新通道—中越合作潛力與機遇”座談會，越方表示將積極參與“陸海新通道”建設，正在加快境內高速公路建設，規劃鐵路建設。同時，越方還提出將進一步發揮和完善老街口岸功能（中國對應為河口口岸），推動更多農產品進入中國內地、通過“陸海新通道”和中歐班列出口歐盟等建議。

以“陸海新通道”為載體，聯合新加坡共同拓展第三方市場合作

重慶市中新示項目管理局結合“陸海新通道”建設實際提出建議，強化與湄公河五國發展戰略對接，爭取將通道建設納入瀾湄合作、東盟“10+1”“10+3”機制性會議磋商內容，并將重慶納入瀾湄合作機制中方參與合作的主體省份。

以“陸海新通道”為載體，聯合新加坡共同拓展第三方市場合作，支持重慶及西部地區在物流、貿易、產業等方面加強與東盟的合作，推動西部地區具有較好優勢的產業到東盟地區開展戰略性和前瞻性布局。

巴南：開創“東盟班車”，貫通與湄公河五國的經貿通道

重慶市巴南區依托重慶公路物流基地，抓住了瀾湄合作機遇，開創了重慶—東盟公路班車（以下簡稱“東盟班車”），打造了一條通往并貫通湄公河五國的經貿通道。經歷近4年的發展，物流基地與湄公河五國的通道從隔絕到互通，經貿合作從間接到直接，貿易規模從小到大，逐漸形成了貿易與投資相互促進的良好格局。

目前東盟班車在湄公河五國的越南河內、胡志明，泰國拉卡班、邦納、邦批，柬埔寨金邊、西哈努克等地合作設立了東盟班車海外分撥中心，可輻射湄公河五國大部分地區。

江津：拓展通道、做優平臺，積極融入“陸海新通道”建設

江津區是重慶加快“陸海新通道”建設的主要戰場和新支點。目前，江津區正加快水公鐵多式聯運基礎設施建設，已基本具備多式聯運基礎條件。通過加快通道建設，開行陸海新通道江津班列;做優開放平臺，形成江津綜合保稅區、四大工業園為核心的“1+4”開放平臺格局，促進開放型經濟發展。同時將發揮產業集群優勢，推進冷鏈經濟發展，開展區域合作，推進商貿產業協同發展，積極融入“陸海新通道”建設。

On March 23， 2016， the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation （LMC） mechanism was officially launched， marking a new era of closer cooperation and more closely interconnected destiny for the six countries along the Lancang/Mekong river .

The 10th LMC Diplomatic Joint Working Group Meeting held in Chongqing

On January 16， 2020， the 10th LMC Diplomatic Joint Working Group Meeting was held in Chongqing. The meeting was co-chaired by Mao Ning， the Chinese LMC diplomatic joint working group leader and Deputy Director-general of the Asian Affairs Department of Ministry of Foreign Affairs， and Virasac Somphong， the Lao group leader and Deputy Director-general of Department of Economic Affairs of Ministry of Foreign Affairs， with the participation of the group leaders of Cambodia， Myanmar， Thailand and Vietnam. During the meeting， they reviewed the progress made in LMC since the 4th LMC Foreign Ministers' Meeting in December 2018 and discussed the directions for future cooperation.

In recent years， LMC has gained more and more attention in Chongqing. The Foreign Affairs Office of Chongqing Municipal Government， the China-Singapore （Chongqing） Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Administration Bureau of Chongqing， ?Port and Logistics Office of Chongqing Municipal Government， Ba'nan District， Jiangjin District， as well as Chongqing Highway Logistics Construction Co.， Ltd.， Chongqing Public Transport ASEAN International Logistics Co.， Ltd.， Jiangjin Bonded Zone Administration Committee and other departments， have been working together and carrying out cooperation actively and contributing ideas and advice to speed up Chongqing's participation in LMC and to promote cooperation in different areas.

Connecting BRI and the Yangtze River Economic Belt through NILSTC

In terms of port and logistics， Chongqing has opened direct passenger flights with all Mekong countries as well as cargo flights with Vietnam. At present， the logistics between Chongqing with the development strategies of the five Mekong countries mainly rely on NILSTC， which effectively connects BRI with the Yangtze River Economic Belt and is mainly carried out in three modes： rail-sea inter-modal transport， international rail transport and cross-border regular lorries.

At the same time， neighboring countries have also shown great interest in NILSTC. On the eve of the Chinese National Day in 2019， the Chinese Embassy in Vietnam and the Strategic Research Institute of Vietnamese Ministry of Planning and Investment jointly held a symposium named “NILSTC—potential and opportunities for China-Vietnam cooperation". The Vietnamese side said that they would actively participate in the development of NILSTC and are speeding up the construction of domestic expressways and planning railway construction. At the same time， Vietnamese side also proposed to further tap and strengthen the functions of Lao Cai port （whose Chinese counterpart is Hekou port） so as to help more local agricultural products to enter the market of the inland of China and to be exported to the EU through NILSTC and China-Europe Railway Express.

Working with Singapore to explore third-party market through New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor （NILSTC）

The China-Singapore （Chongqing） Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Administration Bureau of Chongqing based on the statusquo of the NILSTC， suggested that parties involved should integrate the development of NILSTC and LMC and try to include NILSTC as part of the agendas of LMC and ASEAN's "10+1" and "10+3" mechanisms， and to include Chongqing as a principal provincial region participating in the LMC mechanism.

They further suggested to expand cooperation with Singapore to develop third-party market， support Chongqing and western China to strengthen cooperation with ASEAN in terms of logistics， trade， industry and other areas， and encourage advantageous industries of western China to explore the strategic potential in ASEAN region.

Banan： initiated regular lorries to ASEAN to establish direct economic and trade links with the five Mekong countries

Relying on Chongqing Highway Logistics Base， Chongqings Banan District has seized the opportunity of cooperation among lancang- Mekong countries by initiating the ASEAN Regular Lorry， an economic and trade channel to the Mekong countries. After almost four years of development， the Logistics Base is now well connected with all Mekong countries， offering direct access for two-way trade and contributing to an optimised patten for growing trade and mutual investment.

At present， ASEAN Regular Lorry has set up distribution centers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam， Lat Krabang， Bangna and Bangplee of Thailand， Phnom Penh and Preah Sihanouk of Cambodia， accessible to most parts of the Mekong countries.

Jiangjin： actively participating in NILSTC by expanding channels and establishing good platforms

Jiangjin District is the main powerhouse for Chongqings participation in NILSTC. At present， it is speeding up the construction of water-highway-rail multimodal transport infrastructure and already possesses the primary conditions for multimodal transport. On one hand， Jiangjin opened NILSTC Jiangjin Rail to improve connectivity. On the other hand， it has put in place an opening platform featured by Jiangjin Comprehensive Bonded Zone and four industrial parks to promote the development of an open economy. It will give full play to the advantages of its industrial clusters， promote the development of cold-chain economy， carry out regional cooperation and promote the coordinated development of commerce， trade and industries to be an active participant in the development of NILSTC.