“東盟班車”重慶出發(fā) 跑遍湄公河五國

賀煜

重慶市巴南區(qū)依托重慶公路物流基地（以下簡稱“物流基地”），搶抓與湄公河五國合作機遇，開創(chuàng)重慶—東盟公路班車（以下簡稱“東盟班車”），打造了一條貫通瀾湄國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)通道。

經(jīng)歷近4年的發(fā)展，物流基地與湄公河國家的通道從隔絕到互通，已形成6條常態(tài)化運營線路;經(jīng)貿(mào)合作從間接到直接，貿(mào)易規(guī)模從小到大，逐漸形成了貿(mào)易與投資相互促進的良好格局。

東盟班車形成重慶與湄公河五國地區(qū)定點運輸

重慶公路物流基地于2009年7月設(shè)立，是全市承接公路、鐵路、水路多式聯(lián)運的重要平臺和建設(shè)“陸海新通道”的重要載體。

2016年3月瀾湄合作機制啟動，巴南區(qū)于同年4月28日，首發(fā)重慶面向東盟國家的國際公路班車—東盟班車，10輛滿載汽摩配件、電子產(chǎn)品、建材等貨物的集裝箱卡車由物流基地駛向越南。由此拉開了建設(shè)物流基地與湄公河五國經(jīng)貿(mào)通道的序幕。

目前，東盟班車已成為重慶與湄公河五國經(jīng)貿(mào)往來的重要載體，可依據(jù)客戶的要求提供定制化的物流服務(wù)，形成重慶與湄公河國家地區(qū)定點運輸，返程可實現(xiàn)湄公河國家的水果、糧油、木材等產(chǎn)品通過東盟班車快速運抵重慶，再輻射中西部地區(qū);去程可實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)的機電、建材、汽摩等貨物通過東盟班車快速運抵湄公河國家目的地。

6條常態(tài)化運營線路實現(xiàn)對湄公河五國的跨境公路運輸全覆蓋

截至目前，巴南區(qū)與湄公河五國的經(jīng)貿(mào)通道已開通6條常態(tài)化運營線路，分別為東線、東復(fù)線、中線、西線、亞歐線以及重慶—新加坡線。

東線：重慶南彭—廣西憑祥或龍邦—越南河內(nèi)—越南胡志明—柬埔寨金邊

東復(fù)線：重慶南彭—廣西欽州港—柬埔寨—新加坡

中線：重慶南彭—云南磨憨—老撾萬象—泰國曼谷

西線：重慶南彭—云南瑞麗—緬甸仰光

亞歐線：歐洲—重慶團結(jié)村—重慶南彭—越南

重慶—新加坡線：重慶南彭—廣西憑祥—越南—老撾—泰國—馬來西亞—新加坡

目前已構(gòu)建起以跨境公路運輸為主，公鐵（與中歐班列銜接）與陸海（與欽州港銜接）為輔的多式聯(lián)運國際物流體系，實現(xiàn)了對湄公河五國跨境公路運輸?shù)娜采w。

發(fā)車頻率穩(wěn)步向好形成雙向貿(mào)易物流態(tài)勢

截至2019年12月31日，東盟班車共計發(fā)車2100車次，吞吐量約4600TEU（標準集裝箱），總重約2.5萬噸，總貨值約14.7億元。其中2019年發(fā)車1200車次，吞吐量約2600TEU，同比增長100%。目前已實現(xiàn)平均每天4班的發(fā)車頻率，且增長態(tài)勢良好。

東盟班車貨源已從市內(nèi)擴充到市外，從西南地區(qū)擴充到華中、華東、華南地區(qū)，主要來自重慶、四川、陜西、江西、江蘇、浙江等地，其中重慶市內(nèi)占比約72%，市外占比約28%，出口到湄公河五國占比約95%。出口貨物主要有筆電產(chǎn)品、農(nóng)機摩配、服裝及加工原材料等，進口貨物主要有湄公河五國的農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品、工藝品、日化品等，涉及服務(wù)境內(nèi)外企業(yè)100余家。已在湄公河五國一二線城市合作設(shè)立海外分撥中心20余個。湄公河五國目的地主要有越南河內(nèi)、胡志明，老撾萬象，柬埔寨金邊，泰國曼谷等地。

合作前景良好深化交流訪問 擴大對外投資

得益于經(jīng)貿(mào)通道不斷拓展，巴南區(qū)與湄公河五國的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作不斷深入，交流訪問也日趨頻繁，合作前景大好。

2016年5月4日，由公共工程及運輸部部長本贊·辛塔翁等人組成的老撾亞信國際代表團一行調(diào)研物流基地。巴南區(qū)與老撾有關(guān)方面簽署《合作備忘錄》，備忘錄約定：老撾提供物流開發(fā)的政策和現(xiàn)有情況等信息;雙方探索物流園開發(fā)合作。

2018年5月16日，泰國曼谷市政府第32屆專業(yè)培訓(xùn)項目代表團一行到巴南區(qū)考察，并就如何參與共建“重慶東盟南向國際物流大通道”展開深入交流。

2018年8月23日，老撾副總理宋迪·隆迪考察物流基地。詳細了解物流基地的發(fā)展情況后，宋迪·隆迪表示希望老撾加強與物流基地合作，促進雙方經(jīng)貿(mào)往來。

2019年5月17日，老撾烏多姆賽省投資計劃廳長昂高一行調(diào)研物流基地。昂高表示，希望將老撾的水果、木制品、石制品等銷往重慶，雙方表示可通過東盟班車進行合作，以促進雙方的經(jīng)貿(mào)往來。10月15日，老撾烏多姆賽省副省長潘亞沙·宋吉參加了第四屆中國商用車博覽會并訪問巴南區(qū)，雙方表示希望發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢，在畜牧業(yè)、物流業(yè)等方面開展合作。

巴南區(qū)企業(yè)在越南投資設(shè)立了力帆—吉力摩托車部品制造聯(lián)營公司、力帆—川渝精工摩托車部品制造聯(lián)營公司、宗申越南發(fā)動機制造有限公司、越南吉力電器有限公司，在泰國投資設(shè)立了宗申（泰國）機械制造有限公司。

巴南區(qū)將強化貿(mào)易通道建設(shè)，強化開放平臺，進一步加深與湄公河五國合作交往的深度和廣度，以實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。

On March 23， 2016， the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation （LMC） mechanism was officially launched. Banan District of Chongqing， by relying on Chongqing Highway Logistics Base （hereinafter referred to as "Logistics Base"）， seized the opportunity of cooperation with the five Mekong countries and initiated ASEAN Regular Lorry to establish direct economic and trade links with Mekong countries.

After almost four years of development， the logistics base is now connected with Mekong countries through 6 regular lorry routes， offering direct access for two-way trade and contributing to growing trade and mutual investment.

ASEAN Regular Lorry

fixed point transportation between Chongqing and Mekong countries

Chongqing Highway Logistics Base was established in July 2009. It is for multimodal transportation of highways， railways and waterways in Chongqing and an important platform for the development of New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor （NILSTC）.

After the LMC mechanism was launched， Banan District started the ASEAN Regular Lorry， Chongqings first international highway lorry route to ASEAN countries， on April 28 in the same year. Ten container lorries loaded with auto parts， electronic products， building materials and other goods were transported from the Logistics Base to Vietnam. This began the growth of economic and trade channels between the Logistics Base and Mekong countries.

At present， the ASEAN Regular Lorry has become an important platform for economic and trade exchanges between Chongqing and Mekong countries. It offers customized logistics services tailored to the needs of its customers， providing "fixed point" transportation between Chongqing and Mekong countries. On one hand， agricultural products， fruits， grains， oil， timber and other products from Mekong countries can be quickly transported to Chongqing through the ASEAN Regular Lorry and then sold to the central and western China. On the other hand， domestic goods in China such as machinery products， building materials， automobiles and motorcycles can also be efficiently transported to Mekong countries via the ASEAN Regular Lorry.

6 Regular routes in operation

Accessible to all five Mekong countries through cross-border highway transport

Up to now， Ba'nan District and the five Mekong countries have opened six regular lorry routes， namely， the eastern route， the 2nd eastern route， the central route， the western route， the Asia-Europe route and the Chongqing-Singapore route.

Eastern route： Chongqing Nanpeng—Guangxi Pingxiang or Long Bang—Hanoi， Vietnam—Ho Chi Minh， Vietnam—Phnom Penh， Cambodia

2nd eastern route： Chongqing Nanpeng—Guangxi Qinzhou Port—Cambodia—Singapore

Central route： Chongqing Nanpeng—Yunnan Mohan—Vientiane， Laos—Bangkok， Thailand

Western route： Chongqing Nanpeng—Yunnan Ruili—Yangon， Myanmar

Asia-Europe route （roundtrip）： Europe—Chongqing Tuanjiecun—Chongqing Nanpeng—Vietnam

Chongqing-Singapore route： Chongqing Nanpeng—Guangxi Pingxiang—Vietnam—Laos—Thailand—Malaysia—Singapore

At present， cross-border road transportation， complemented by ?highway-railway combined transport （connecting to China-Europe trains） and land-sea transport （connecting to Qinzhou Port）， has formed an international multi-modal logistics system， accessible to all five Mekong countries.

Operation frequency of ASEAN Regular Lorry grows steadily

Two-way trade and transport is taking shape

By December 31， 2019， 2100 ASEAN Regular Lorries transporting goods of 4600 TEUs， 25，000 tons and 1.47 billion yuan value， has been operated in total. Among them， 1，200 Lorries were operated in 2019， transporting about 2600 TEUs of goods， up 100% year-on-year. At present， 4 Lorries are operated per day on average and the frequency of its operation is still growing steadily.

Cargo from not only Chongqing， but also southwestern， middle， eastern and southern China， mainly from Chongqing， Sichuan， Shanxi， Jiangxi， Jiangsu and Zhejiang， are now transported through the ASEAN Regular Lorry， with 72% of the cargo coming from Chongqing， 28% from outside Chongqing and 95% are exported to Mekong countries. Exports mainly include laptops， agricultural machinery accessories， clothing and processed raw materials， while imports mainly include agricultural and sideline products， handicrafts， household chemicals from Mekong countries， serving over 100 domestic and overseas enterprises. More than 20 overseas distribution centers have been established in the first- and second-tier cities in Mekong countries. The destinations in Mekong countries include Hanoi， Ho Chi Minh， Vientiane， Phnom Penh， and Bangkok.

Promising prospect for mutual cooperation with deepened exchanges and expanded outbound investment

Thanks to the continuous expansion of economic and trade channels， the cooperation between Banan District and Mekong countries has been deepening， and exchanges and visits have also become more frequent， pointing to a promising prospect for mutual cooperation.

On May 4， 2016， a delegation headed by Laos Minister of Public Works and Transport visited the Logistics Base. Banan District and its Laotian partner signed a Memorandum of Cooperation， which states that the Laotian side will provide information about its logistics development and relevant policies to Banan and the two sides will explore cooperation in the development of logistics park.

On May 16， 2018， a delegation from the 32nd professional training program of Bangkok Municipal Government visited Banan District and held in-depth exchanges on how to jointly develop "Chongqing-ASEAN Southward International Logistics Corridor".

On August 23， 2018， Lao Deputy Prime Minister Somdy Duangdy paid a visit to the Logistics Base. After hearing the briefing about the Base， Somdy Duangdy expressed the wish for Laos to strengthen cooperation with the Logistics Base and promote economic and trade exchanges between the two sides.

On May 17， 2019， Director-general of Investment Planning of Oudomxay Province of Laos and his delegation visited the Logistics Base. He expressed the wish to sell fruits， wood products and stone products from Laos to Chongqing. The two sides agreed that they could cooperate through ASEAN Regular Lorry to promote economic and trade exchanges between the two sides. On October 15， Oudomxay Deputy Governor attended the 4th China Commercial Vehicle Expo and visited Banan District. Both sides expressed their wish to give full play to their respective advantages and cooperate in animal husbandry， logistics and other fields.

Banan enterprises have invested in Vietnam to set up Lifan-Jili Motorcycle Parts Manufacturing JV， Lifan-Chuanyu Jinggong Motorcycle Parts Manufacturing JV， Zongshen Vietnam Engine Manufacturing Co.， Ltd. and Vietnam Jili Electric Appliance Co.， Ltd. In Vietnam and Zongshen （Thailand） Machinery Manufacturing Co.， Ltd. in Thailand.

Banan District will focus on ?the development of trade channels and opening-up platforms， and further deepen and expand cooperation and exchanges with Mekong countries in order to achieve common development.

Picture/by Foreign Affairs Office of Banan District Peoples Government