曹貴壽 王俊宇 陳沖



摘 要:‘CM05-1-5是從草莓品種春星自然實生苗中選育出的鮮食草莓新品系。該品系果實短圓錐形,有香氣,一級序果平均單果重29.4 g,最大單果重36.4 g;果面淡紅色,有光澤;果肉脆,硬度較大,白色,汁液較多;可溶性固形物含量8.89%,總糖含量7.04%,總酸含量 0.94%,糖酸比7.491,風味酸甜,品質優。植株繁殖系數高,豐產性好。在山西省晉中市露地栽培,果實5月中旬為成熟盛期,果實發育期 28 d左右。
關鍵詞:草莓;新品系;CM05-1-5;抗晚霜
文章編號:2096-8108(2020)05-0079-03 ?中圖分類號:S668.4 ?文獻標識碼:A
Abstract:‘CM05-1-5 was a new fresh strawberry strain selected from the natural seedlings of Chunxing. The fruit of this strain was short conical and fragrant,the average fruit weight of the first-order fruit was 29.4 g and the maximum fruit weight was 36.4 g;the surface of the fruit was light red and shiny; the flesh was crisp, the hardness was greater, white, and the juice was abundant.The soluble solid content was 8.89%, the total sugar content was 7.04%, the total acid content was 0.94%, the sugar-acid ratio was 7.491, the flavor was sweet and sour, and the quality was excellent,The plant had a high coefficient of reproduction and good productivity. It cultivated in the open field in Jinzhong City of Shanxi Province, the fruit was ripe and mature in mid of May, and the fruit development period was about 28 days.
Keywords:strawberry;newstrain;CM05-1-5;against late frost
草莓在世界各種漿果中栽培面積和產量僅次于葡萄,居第2位。中國是草莓生產大國,草莓產業的發展給草莓產區的果農帶來了巨大的經濟效益,特別是近年來隨著草莓加工技術的不斷成熟,小草莓形成了大市場。
露地栽培作為草莓栽培的重要模式之一,與設施反季節栽培比較具有投資小、技術難度低、工作量小、果實風味純正、口感極佳、畸形果少、病蟲害少等特點,極大程度減少農藥使用量,食用更安全。目前,國內抗晚霜優良品種少,這也是制約草莓發展的因素之一。加強抗晚霜優良品種、品系選育是促進草莓安全、良性發展,提高草莓生產經濟效益,滿足種植戶和市場需求的重要途徑之一。
1 選育過程
2002年山西省農業科學院果樹研究所從河北省農林科學院石家莊果樹研究所引入‘春星草莓品種進行試栽,2003年5月在觀察調查的基礎上,收集了‘春星草莓優良品種的自然授粉種子,于2004年春季進行種子處理并播種于草莓試驗園?!?br>