扎根教材 提升續(xù)寫(xiě)

藍(lán)利霞

讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)，要求考生首先閱讀一段約350詞的語(yǔ)言材料，然后根據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)（150詞左右），將其發(fā)展成一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接、情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的短文。閱卷時(shí)將會(huì)考慮：（1）與所給短文及開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)的銜接程度;（2）應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性;（3）上下文的連貫性。

教材中所選的語(yǔ)言材料，具有規(guī)范性和典型性，題材豐富，主題覆蓋面廣，其中不乏有趣的故事。筆者以人教版必修一Unit 3 Travel Journal為例，說(shuō)明我們?nèi)绾卫媒滩膬?nèi)容，打牢續(xù)寫(xiě)基礎(chǔ)。

一、妙用教材詞匯，提升連貫性

銜接程度和連貫性是評(píng)卷的重要依據(jù)，我們可以利用教材中每個(gè)單元的詞匯續(xù)寫(xiě)句子和編撰故事能有效地提升續(xù)寫(xiě)的銜接程度和連貫性，為讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

（一）續(xù)寫(xiě)句子

同學(xué)之間，一個(gè)同學(xué)用本單元的單詞或短語(yǔ)造一個(gè)句子，讓另外的同學(xué)說(shuō)出另一句或幾句與前面句子邏輯銜接的句子。這樣，不僅能進(jìn)一步熟悉所學(xué)詞匯，也練習(xí)口頭表達(dá)能力，更能提升銜接連貫?zāi)芰拖胂罅Α?/p>

練習(xí)1：以下各句均含有一個(gè)本單元的單詞，請(qǐng)根據(jù)此句續(xù)寫(xiě)一句或多句，續(xù)寫(xiě)句子與前面句子必須邏輯銜接。

（1）Sara liked keeping a journal and confided（吐露）everything to it.__________________________________________.

（2）Horses were the only means of transport in the past.

____________________________________________________.

（3）Lucy prefers travelling by train.___________________.

（4）Not speaking English might put you at a disadvantage.

____________________________________________________.

（5）She tried to stop the flow of the blood from the wound.

____________________________________________________.

（6）She is always easily persuaded.___________________.

（7）I usually cycled home through the park.____________.

（8）She graduated from Harvard this year.______________.

（9）Over the years， I have grown quite fond of her.

____________________________________________________.

（10）The performance finally started half an hour late.

____________________________________________________.

參考答案

（1）It was so well written that she published it.

（2）But now people have a lot of transports like private cars.

（3）She plans to tour around Europe this Summer.

（4）Especially when you apply for a good job requiring fluent English， you will have no chance.

（5）It was so painful that she couldnt stand it.

（6）So her parents always worry about her.

（7）I can enjoy beautiful scenery of the park.

（8）We all felt proud of her.

（9）We become the best friends and often help each other.

（10）It was a great success.

練習(xí)2：下列句中劃線詞為本單元單詞，要特別留意該詞在句中的意思、用法和拼寫(xiě)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)此句續(xù)寫(xiě)一句或多句，續(xù)寫(xiě)句子須用到括號(hào)中的單詞（本單元單詞），前后句子須邏輯銜接。

（1）He has been forced to adjust his schedule.___________

___________________________________________（stubborn）

（2）His book has its shortcoming.______________________

___________________________________________（organize）

（3）Yuan Longping doesnt care about being famous.______

_____________________________________________（detail）

（4）She is a remarkably determined politician and can complete many things in one day._______________________________

______________________________________________（pace）

（5）I bent over and kissed her cheek.___________________

____________________________________________（attitude）

（6）He had nothing to do but boil the kettle and make the tea._________________________________________（forecast）

（7）She had a large brown paper parcel under her left arm.

______________________________________________（wool）

（8）Chinese cars are reliable._________________________

______________________________________________（view）

（9）They made friend on the journey.___________________

___________________________________________（midnight）

（10）Flames poured out of the windows of the building.

______________________（cave）

參考答案：

（1）Or his stubborn mother would be angry.

（2）But he corrected it and organized its plot again.

（3）What he cares about is his agricultural research details.

（4）People working for her hardly keep pace with her.

（5）She showed disgusting attitude， making me embarrassed.

（6）He was listening to the weather forecast when drinking the tea.

（7）She unwrapped the parcel and found it was a wool coat.

（8）In my view， it is actually true.

（9）They often chatted at midnight.

（10）The whole building was on fire and was destroyed completely，so they had no place to live in but a cave nearby.

（二）編寫(xiě)故事

我們可以利用單元所學(xué)詞匯編寫(xiě)故事。在靈活應(yīng)用單元詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上，鍛練想象力，提升邏輯思維能力，為讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)做好鋪墊。

以下20個(gè)單詞均為本單元單詞，請(qǐng)用這10個(gè)單元編寫(xiě)一個(gè)故事，并在它們的下面劃上橫線。

stubborn， shortcoming， organize， care about， detail， determined， pace， bend， attitude， boil， forecast， parcel， wool， reliable， view， journey， midnight， flame， cave

參考范文

Lily is a reliable girl. Her shortcoming is that sometimes she is very stubborn and doesnt care about others feelings. Last year， she determined to organize a hiking with some girls to Tibet. In their view， they could make it as they kept pace with each other and had a good schedule. Every day， they posted some videos about the details of their journey and their attitude. Many people enjoyed watching them. They were specially fond of one video where they bent their head into a cave at midnight. There they picked out the pot from one parcel to boil water， got wool sweaters from another parcel to keep warm， and used some wood to make fire. The flame made them feel safe. Finally， the managed to reach Tibet as they forecast.

二、活用教材故事， 提升續(xù)寫(xiě)能力

（一）活用教材，寫(xiě)出美句

因續(xù)寫(xiě)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的風(fēng)格上也應(yīng)與原文一致，所以在閱讀A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS后，可找出和摘錄其中的美句，以了解其語(yǔ)言特色。如：

1. so ... that ... 句型

（1）Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.

（2）... we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze

（3）... we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.

2. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)

Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.

3. 名詞性從句

Thats what we looked like.

4. 定語(yǔ)從句

We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon， where our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us.

5. 句型can hardly wait to do sth

We can hardly wait to see them！

在熟讀掌握之后，仿照上述句型，寫(xiě)出自己的精彩句子。如：

1.（1）我們?nèi)绱说母吲d以致我們緊緊地?fù)肀г谝黄稹?/p>

（2）他疼得很厲害以致他躺在地上，眼中含著淚花。

2.（1）我們感覺(jué)良好因?yàn)槲覀冇龅搅艘粋€(gè)喜愛(ài)幫助他人的善良的陌生人。

（2）幸運(yùn)地是，一個(gè)開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò)的男士停了下來(lái)，聲稱他是一名醫(yī)生。

3. 那時(shí)我們能做的事情就是安慰他。

4. 我們告訴他們有關(guān)西藏的美妙故事，在那里我們遇到了很多值得信賴的人，并看了很多美妙的風(fēng)景。

5. 他們迫不及待地想知道我們旅游的事情，特別是有關(guān)西藏的。

參考譯文

1.（1）We were so happy that we hugged tightly.

（2）He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with his eyes in tears.

2.（1）We felt good as we met a kind stranger devoted to helping others.

（2）Luckily， a man driving a car stopped， saying that he was a doctor

3. What we could do at that time was to comfort him.

4. We told them the wonderful stories about Tibet， where we met a lot of reliable people and enjoyed beautiful views.

5. They could hardly wait to know the things about our travelling， especially about Tibet.

（二）活用句型，續(xù)寫(xiě)美文

人教版必修一Unit 3 Travel Journal的兩篇閱讀講到主人公王坤和姐姐王薇騎山地車旅行，沿著云南西部的瀾滄江，也就是湄公河作為旅游路線。我們?cè)陂喿xA NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS后，可以根據(jù)下面的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)故事。

Paragraph 1：

Wai Kun and I reached Dali and met our cousins in the Kun Ming Station.

Paragraph 2：

Dao Wei and Yu Huang joined us， heading for Kuming， Yunan by bike.

參考范文

Wai Kun and I reached Dali and met our cousins in the Kun Ming Station. We had not met each other for a long time. As a consequence， we were so happy that we hugged tightly. Then， they could hardly wait to know the things about our travelling， especially about Tibet. We told them the wonderful stories about Tibet， where we met a lot of reliable people and enjoyed beautiful views. After staying in their home for a week， we continued to travel by bike.

DaoWei and Yu Huang joined us， heading for Kuming， Yunan by bike. Unfortunately， one day Dao Wei fell down from the bike. He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with eyes in tears. What we could do at that time was to comfort him. Luckily， a man driving a car stopped， saying that he was a doctor. Checking the injured leg carefully， he said Dao Wei shouldnt cycle but rest. Though we couldnt continue our trip， we felt good as we met a kind stranger devoted to helping others.

點(diǎn)評(píng)：此篇文章的故事續(xù)寫(xiě)引人入勝、曲折動(dòng)人。它巧妙使用了原文中的優(yōu)美句型，使故事情節(jié)的表達(dá)更生動(dòng)，如戴維從車上摔下來(lái)后的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)：He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with eyes in tears。故事的結(jié)尾亦感人，充滿正能量。

總之，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)是一個(gè)全新的題型，對(duì)我們來(lái)講具有一定的挑戰(zhàn)性。如果我們能夠扎根教材、創(chuàng)造性地使用教材，就能克服這一挑戰(zhàn)，快速而有效地提升續(xù)寫(xiě)能力，在續(xù)寫(xiě)的天空中開(kāi)創(chuàng)出一片美好的天地。

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青