謝慶堂 陳開 羅健


摘要:目的 ?了解噪聲作業工人倒班作業與高血壓的關系。方法 ?選取2019年1~12月佛山市第一人民醫院禪城醫院進行噪聲職業健康檢查的1345名工人進行問卷調查,分析噪聲作業工人高血壓影響因素。結果 ?輪班作業、高頻聽力損失、耳塞使用、工齡、年齡、婚姻狀況、月收入、高血壓家族史、BMI、抽煙、喝酒、文化程度的高血壓檢出率比較,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);不同性別的高血壓檢出率比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。調整性別、防護耳塞使用、工齡、高血壓家族史、婚姻狀況、文化程度、月收入、運動頻率、飲食偏好、體重指數、高頻聽力損失、年齡、飲酒、抽煙后,曾經倒班者高血壓的患病風險是從不倒班的1.13倍(95%CI:1.03~1.75),現在倒班者高血壓的患病風險是從不倒班的1.15倍(95%CI:1.06~1.74)。結論 ?倒班與職業性噪聲作業工人高血壓患病相關。
關鍵詞:職業性噪聲;倒班作業;高血壓
中圖分類號:R544.1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.17.039
文章編號:1006-1959(2020)17-0137-03
Abstract:Objective ?To understand the relationship between shift work of noise workers and hypertension.Methods ?A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1345 workers who had undergone noise occupational health examinations in Chancheng Hospital of the First People's Hospital of Foshan City from January to December 2019 to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension among noise workers.Results ?There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of high blood pressure among shift work, high-frequency hearing loss, earplug use, working age, age, marital status, monthly income, family history of hypertension, BMI, smoking, drinking, and education level (P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of hypertension in different genders (P>0.05). After adjusting gender, use of protective earplugs, working age, family history of hypertension, marital status, education level, monthly income, exercise frequency, dietary preference, body mass index, high-frequency hearing loss, age, drinking, and smoking, those who had shifted work with high blood pressure risk of illness is 1.13 times that of never shifting (95CI: 1.03 to 1.75), and the risk of hypertension for shifting workers was 1.15 times that of never shifting (95%CI: 1.06 to 1.74).Conclusion ?Shift work was related to the prevalence of hypertension in workers exposed to occupational noise.
Key words:Occupational noise;Shift work;High blood pressure
倒班作業是很多企業的工作時間安排,涉及工人人數眾多,目前倒班作業對健康的影響關注越來越多。有研究以石化企業、鋼鐵企業、醫務人員等作為研究對象,結果表明倒班作業是高血壓的危險因素之一[1-3]。高血壓是心血管疾病重要危險因素,也是心腦血管病發病的第一危險因素,據報道[4],我國71%的腦卒中和54%的心梗死亡與高血壓有關。有研究表明[5,6],職業性噪聲不僅對聽力造成損害,還會增加高血壓患病風險。然而接觸職業性噪聲工人倒班與血壓的關系研究尚少,本研究以南莊鎮職業性噪聲作業工人為研究對象,了解其高血壓患病情況,并探討噪聲與倒班作業對工人高血壓患病率的影響,為噪聲作業工人建立合理輪班制度,減少高血壓的發生提供依據。……