董雙虎 熊蘇力 何青云 龔志翔 王龍海 歐陽麗芬



【摘要】 目的:系統評價經鼻高流量給氧對急性呼吸衰竭預后的影響。方法:計算機檢索PubMed、EBSCO、Springer、Ovid、CNKI和CBM數據庫,納入1985年7月-2019年7月發表的關于經鼻高流量給氧對急性呼吸衰竭影響的隨機對照試驗(RCT)。按Cochrane系統評價方法對納入文獻進行資料提取和質量評價,而后采用RevMan 5.3軟件進行Meta分析。觀察在重癥醫學科的插管率、死亡例數及動脈血氣氧合指數的變化。結果:納入7篇RCT研究,共1 968例患者。分析結果顯示,經鼻高流量給氧與傳統面罩給氧相比,經鼻高流量給氧能降低28 d插管率[OR=0.41,95%CI(0.19,0.89),P=0.02]。與無創正壓通氣相比,經鼻高流量給氧不能降低28 d插管率[OR=0.83,95%CI(0.51,1.35),P=0.46]。與傳統面罩給氧相比,經鼻高流量給氧不能降低ICU患者死亡率[OR=0.55,95%CI(0.28,1.07),P=0.08]。結論:與傳統面罩給氧相比,經鼻高流量給氧患者不能降低患者死亡率,但能降低患者28 d插管率。
【關鍵詞】 經鼻高流量給氧 急性呼吸衰竭 插管率 死亡率
[Abstract] Objective: To evaluate the effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen on the prognosis of acute respiratory failure. Method: PubMed, EBSCO, Springer, Ovid, CNKI and CBM databases were searched by computer, and randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the effects of nasal high flow oxygen on acute respiratory failure published from July 1985 to July 2019 were included. Data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted according to Cochrane system evaluation method, and then meta-analysis was conducted by Revman 5.3 software. The changes of intubation rate, number of death cases and arterial blood gas oxygenation index in ICU were observed. Result: Seven RCT studies involving 1 968 patients were included. The results showed that compared with the traditional mask oxygen supply, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen could reduce the 28 day intubation rate [OR=0.41, 95%CI (0.19, 0.89), P=0.02]. Compared with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen did not reduce the 28 day intubation rate [OR=0.83, 95%CI (0.51,1.35), P=0.46]. Compared with traditional mask oxygen, ?high-flow nasal cannula oxygen did not reduce the mortality of ICU patients [OR=0.55, 95%CI (0.28, 1.07), P=0.08]. Conclusion: Compared with traditional mask oxygen, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen can not reduce the mortality rate, but can reduce the 28 day intubation rate.
[Key words] High-flow nasal cannula oxygen Acute respiratory failure Intubation rate Mortality rate
First-authors address: Jiangxi Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang 330003, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.24.019
經鼻高流量氧療(high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy, HFNC)是通過無需密封的鼻塞管直接將空氧混合的高流量氣體輸送給患者的一種新的氧療方式,可以提供精確的氧濃度(21%~100%),提供最高達70 L/min的流量,提供37 ℃相對濕度100%的氣體[1]。近期國外Stephan等[2]一項非劣效性多中心隨機對照研究顯示,HFNC與NIV在改善心胸外科術后拔管后Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭患者氧合方面等效,兩組患者病死率無差異,但治療24 h后NIV組存在皮膚壓瘡等并發癥,而HFNC耐受性較好,證實HFNC可作為心臟外科術后患者拔管后的有效序貫治療措施[2]。經鼻高流量給氧在國內外已應用多年,但關于其是否能改善呼吸衰竭患者預后方面尚存一定的爭議。本研究收集國內外文獻,系統評價經鼻高流量給氧對呼吸衰竭患者預后分析,為臨床上合理使用經鼻高流量給氧提供循證醫學根據。現報道如下。
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(收稿日期:2020-02-19) (本文編輯:姬思雨)