梁艷 何畏 唐茂林



摘 要:經過半個多世紀的發展,橋梁美學已經走出了一條理論與實踐、建筑與結構相結合的道路。通過梳理近年來橋梁美學的發展狀況,從橋梁美學理論與設計方法、橋梁美學與歷史文化研究、橋梁附屬建筑設計與景觀生態美學、橋梁建筑批評與評價、橋梁美學設計實踐、橋梁美學教育等方面闡述了橋梁美學的發展成就;對將來的研究熱點和發展方向進行了簡要預測,并提出了作者的建議和觀點,希望對橋梁美學理論和設計實踐有所裨益。
關鍵詞:橋梁美學;橋梁建筑;建筑批評;美學設計;橋梁景觀
中圖分類號:U442.5 ? 文獻標志碼:R ? 文章編號:2096-6717(2020)05-0213-10
收稿日期:2020-04-02
作者簡介:梁艷(1977- ),女,博士,主要從事橋梁結構理論、橋梁造型與美學研究,E-mail:aseraph@163.com。
Received:2020-04-02
Author brief:Liang Yan (1977- ), PhD, main research interests: bridge structure theory, bridge form and aesthetics, mail: aseraph@163.com.
Abstract:
After more than half a century of development, bridge aesthetics has embarked on a path that combines theory and practice, architecture and structure. Many scientific research departments,design institutes, and universities have made great contributions to the theoretical development and practical application of bridge aesthetics. This article sorts out the domestic and foreign development of bridge aesthetics in recent years to review the development achievements by some aspects such as bridge aesthetics theory and design methods, bridge aesthetics on historical and cultural studies, bridge auxiliary building design and landscape ecological aesthetics, bridge architectural criticism and evaluation, bridge aesthetic design practice and bridge aesthetic education etc. Brief prediction of future research hotspots and development directions are made and the authors suggestions and viewpoints are put forward in the end, hoping to promote bridge aesthetics theory and design practice.
Keywords:bridge aesthetics; bridge architecture; architecture criticism and evaluation; aesthetics design; bridge landscape
橋梁發展史是一部人類自身發展史的真實寫照。從最原始的天生橋,簡易的獨木橋、汀步橋,到后來技藝雙絕的拱橋,發展到現代化的超千米的纜索承重橋梁,無不傾注了人類無與倫比的智慧和辛勤的汗水。對美的追求是人類向高級文明進化的結果,在滿足了基本的物質需求后,人類必然會追求高層次的精神世界。美學思想與人類發展密切相連,浸潤了人類文明的整個脈絡。橋梁美學思想,雖然其概念的提出也就半個世紀左右的時間,但其歷史可以追溯到遠古時期。人類聰慧的先輩,給我們留下了精美絕倫的趙州橋、玉帶橋、倫敦塔橋等人類遺產,也給后人留下豐厚的橋梁美學精神遺產。雖然這些精神遺產大多數沒有通過文字的形式流傳下來,但卻深刻地影響到橋梁建設。……