王曉剛 鄭曉
[摘要] 目的 觀察與評價去骨瓣減壓術治療重型顱腦創傷的臨床療效。 方法 于該院2015年3月—2019年9月收治的重型顱腦創傷患者中便利選擇74例作為該次研究的對象,系統隨機編號,奇數為試驗組,偶數為對照組。試驗組采用改良去骨瓣減壓術治療,對照組采用常規外傷大骨瓣減壓術治療。比較兩組患者手術指標、手術前后顱內壓水平、臨床療效以及并發癥發生率。 結果 術后,試驗組患者顱內壓水平3 d(16.02±2.13)mmHg、一周(14.70±0.28)mmHg明顯低于對照組(24.12±2.08)mmHg、(20.88±2.22)mmHg,試驗組患者手術時間(48.62±10.82)min、術中出血量(96.05±16.11)mL、住院時間(14.70±0.28)d,少于對照組(71.62±11.67)min、(124.68±15.76)mL、(21.60±0.33)d,差異有統計學意義(t=3.989、4.248、4.076、4.208、4.124,P<0.05)。試驗組總有效率86.49%高于對照組75.68%,并發癥發生率2.70%低于對照組21.62%,差異有統計學意義(χ2=5.260、5.284,P<0.05)。結論 采用去骨瓣減壓術治療重型顱腦創傷可以減少術中出血量,縮短手術時間與住院時間,有效降低顱內壓,降低病殘率與病死率,與常規外傷大骨瓣減壓術相比療效更佳。
[關鍵詞] 顱腦創傷;改良去骨瓣減壓術;外傷大骨瓣減壓術
[中圖分類號] R651.1 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-0742(2020)10(a)-0061-03
Exploring the Clinical Effect of Decompressive Craniectomy for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
WANG Xiao-gang, ZHENG Xiao
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhaoyuan People's Hospital, Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province, 265400 China
[Abstract] Objective To observe and evaluate the clinical effect of decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury. Methods The patients with severe traumatic brain injury admitted to the hospital from March 2015 to September 2019 were convenient selected. 74 cases were selected as the subjects of this study. The system was randomly numbered, the odd numbers were the experimental group, and the even numbers were the control group. The experimental group was treated with modified craniectomy decompression, and the control group was treated with conventional trauma decompression. The surgical indicators, intracranial pressure levels before and after the operation, clinical efficacy and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results After operation, the intracranial pressure level of the experimental group was 3 days (16.02±2.13) mmHg and one week (14.70±0.28) mmHg was significantly lower than the control group (24.12±2.08) mmHg, (20.88±2.22) mmHg, and the operation time of the experimental group was (48.62±10.82) min, intraoperative blood loss (96.05±16.11) mL, hospitalization time (14.70±0.28) d, less than the control group (71.62±11.67) min, (124.68±15.76) mL, (21.60±0.33) d, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of decompressive craniectomy for severe craniocerebral trauma can reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss, shorten the operation time and hospital stay, effectively reduce intracranial pressure, reduce the rate of sickness and mortality, and compare with conventional large bone craniectomy for trauma, it has better curative effect.
在該研究中,術后,試驗組患者顱內壓水平3 d(16.02±2.13)mmHg、一周(14.70±0.28)mmHg明顯低于對照組(24.12±2.08)mmHg、(20.88±2.22)mmHg,試驗組患者手術時間(48.62±10.82)min、術中出血量(96.05±16.11)mL、住院時間(14.70±0.28)d,少于對照組(71.62±11.67)min、(124.68±15.76)mL、(21.60±0.33)d(P<0.05)。試驗組總有效率86.49%高于對照組75.68%,并發癥發生率3.70%低于對照組21.62%(P<0.05);這與朱永輝等人[10]對76例重度顱腦創傷患者進行了研究,發現采用改良去骨瓣減壓術治療患者術后并發癥發生率為5.26%低于另一組的23.68%(P<0.05),基本一致。
綜上所述,采用去骨瓣減壓術治療重型顱腦創傷可以減少術中出血量,縮短手術時間與住院時間,有效降低顱內壓,降低病殘率與病死率,與常規外傷大骨瓣減壓術相比療效更佳。
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(收稿日期:2020-07-03)