基于ZigBee網絡的電纜防火監控系統設計

鄭學樑

摘 要：設計一種基于ZigBee網絡的電纜防火監控系統，能實時、精準監測電纜火災，并及時滅火。系統通過部署在電纜現場的煙霧和溫度傳感器分別采集煙霧和溫度數據，經單片機轉換處理后傳輸至ZigBee通信模塊，利用ZigBee協議、ZigBee網絡節點以及通信流程將溫度和煙霧數據傳輸至火災控制模塊，實時監測電纜各位置的溫度和煙霧濃度，當溫度或煙霧濃度超出設定值時，及時通過ZigBee網絡發出報警并準確定位著火位置，自動啟動滅火部件完成滅火，實現電纜防火監控。與傳統系統相比，這個系統可以通過監測電纜的溫度以及煙霧濃度變化，實現電纜火災的及時精準監控，監測精度較高，準確性較好，能夠及時精準監測電纜火災，并及時滅火。實驗結果表明：該系統可以實時、有效監測電纜溫度和煙霧濃度變化，并及時報警，啟動電纜火災自動滅火部件滅火，防止電纜火災發生。

關鍵詞：ZigBee;電纜防火;溫度監控;煙感監控;無線傳感器;煙霧濃度;自動滅火部件

中圖分類號：TD 75+2

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1007-757X（2020）11-0140-03

Abstract：A cable fire prevention monitoring system based on ZigBee network is designed to accurately monitor the cable fire in real time， and put out the fire in time. The system collects smoke and temperature data through sensors， and deploys them on the cable site and transmits them to ZigBee communication module after being converted and processed by single chip microcomputer. Temperature and smoke data are transmitted to the fire control module by using ZigBee protocol， ZigBee network node and communication process， so as to monitor the temperature and smoke concentration of each position of the cable in real time. When the setting value is set， the alarm will be sent out through ZigBee network in time， and the fire location will be accurately located. The fire extinguishing components will be started automatically to complete the fire extinguishing and realize the cable fire prevention monitoring. Compared with the traditional system， this system can monitor the cable fire timely and accurately by monitoring the temperature and smoke concentration changes of the cable. The monitoring accuracy is high. It can timely and accurately monitor the cable fire and extinguish the fire in time. The experimental results show that the system can monitor the changes of cable temperature and smoke concentration in real time and effectively， and alarm in time， and start the automatic fire extinguishing components of cable fire to prevent the occurrence of cable fire.

Key words：ZigBee;cable fire protection;temperature monitoring;smoke sensing monitoring;wireless sensor;smoke concentration;automatic fire extinguishing components

0?引言

電纜自燃以及大范圍停電引發的重大經濟損失都是源于電纜故障，電纜故障發生概率隨著使用量的提升而提升[1-3]。為了及時覺察并防止因電纜過熱導致事故發生，需要實施電纜的在線監測[4]。由于電纜過熱以致火災歷時較為漫長，設計一個電纜防火監控系統可預測電纜火災的發生。

通過直接序列擴頻技術，發現了一個比其它無線網絡技術耗能少、組網能力優、可靠性強的技術ZigBee。……