聚焦連詞

王茜

【考點(diǎn)歸納篇】

一、對并列連詞的考查

1. 對表聯(lián)合關(guān)系的并列連詞的考查

表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有：and，both... and...， neither... nor...， not only... but? also...， as well as等。如：

I am a teacher and he is a doctor. 我是老師，他是醫(yī)生。

Neither I nor he has seen the film. 我沒看過那部電影，他也沒看過。

2. 對表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞的考查

表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有：but，while， still， yet， however， whereas， nevertheless等。如：

I am willing， yet unable. 我是心有余而力不足。

He worked hard. However， he failed. 他很努力，然而還是失敗了。

3. 對表選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞的考查

表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有：or， or else， otherwise， either... or...， rather than等。如：

Seize the chance， otherwise （or else） youll regret it. 抓住機(jī)會，否則你會后悔的。

He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest. 他走了，不愿呆著做個不受歡迎的人。

4. 對表因果關(guān)系的并列連詞的考查

表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有：so， for。如：

It is morning， for the birds are singing. 是早晨了，因?yàn)轼B叫了。

It was late， so I went home. 天已晚了，因此我就回家了。

另外，then， thus， hence， therefore等副詞常可放在句首表示因果關(guān)系。如：

There has been no rain—thus， the crops are drying. 天沒下雨，因此莊稼要枯死了。

Its very late; hence you must go to bed. 時間已經(jīng)很晚了，因此你必須睡覺去。

二、對引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

1. 對引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：when， while， as， after， before， since， till / until， once， as soon as， the moment / instant， no sooner... than...， hardly... when等。如：

Once you begin， you must go on. 你一開了頭，就應(yīng)當(dāng)繼續(xù)下去。

When it rains， I go to school by bus. 下雨時，我坐公共汽車上學(xué)。

2. 對引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：as， because， since。如：

He didnt go to school because he was ill. 他因?yàn)樯《鴽]去上學(xué)。

3. 對引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：where， wherever等。如：

Where there is a will， there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。Wherever she may be， she will be happy. 無論在哪兒她都很快樂。

4. 對引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：if，? unless， so / as long as等。如：

He will not come unless he is invited. 除非被邀請，否則他是不會來的。

Youll be late for the class if you dont hurry. 如果你不快點(diǎn)，你就會上課遲到。

5. 對引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：in order that， so that， lest， in case等。如：

She took medicine on time in order that she might get well soon. 為了病快點(diǎn)好，她按時吃藥。

6. 對引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：so... that， such... that等。如：

He is such a good student that we all like him. 他是個好學(xué)生，我們都喜歡他。

7. 對引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：though， although， even if， even though， however， whatever， whoever， no matter how / what / which... 等。如：

Even if you were here yesterday， you couldnt help him. 即使昨天你在這兒，你也幫不了他。

8. 對引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：as， as if， as though等。如：

He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他講起英語來就像英國人似的。

Use a book as a bee does a flower. 像蜜蜂利用花一樣去利用書籍吧。

9. 對引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的從屬連詞的考查

引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有：as... as...， not as / so... as...， than等。如：

He works harder than before. 他比以前更努力工作了。

His elder sister is as tall as his mother. 他的姐姐和他的母親一樣高。

【易混連詞比較篇】

1. when和while

兩個詞都可以表示“當(dāng)……時”，且可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞既可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是終止性的;而while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性的。如：

He was doing his homework when I came in. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)來時，他正在做家庭作業(yè)。

While / When I was in the town， I saw him twice. （當(dāng)）我在城里時，見過他兩次。

Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。

when還可譯作“這時”，而while可譯作“而”。如：

He was playing football outside when it began to rain. 他正在外面踢足球，這時天下起雨來。

He is tall while his elder brother is short. 他個子高，而他哥哥個子矮。

2. though和as

兩個詞都可表示“雖然”，且可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。though引導(dǎo)的從句用正常語序;as引導(dǎo)的從句要用倒裝語序，即把從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形放在as之前。試比較“盡管天氣冷，可他仍繼續(xù)工作。”的兩種譯法：

Cold as it was， he went on working.

Though it was cold， he went on working.

3. for， because， as和since

四個詞都可表示“因?yàn)椤薄or是并列連詞，語氣最弱，是對前面分句加以解釋或推斷的原因。引導(dǎo)的分句一般置于句末，從句前要用逗號;because表示產(chǎn)生某結(jié)果的必有原因，語氣最強(qiáng)，引導(dǎo)的從句常置于句首或句末，放在句首時通常用逗號與主句隔開;as表示原因時，語氣不像because那么強(qiáng)，可譯為“因?yàn)椋捎凇保龑?dǎo)的從句可以置于句首;since可譯為“既然”，往往表示一些顯而易見的原因，語氣不如because的強(qiáng)，引導(dǎo)的從句常置于句首。如：

It must have rained last night， for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下了雨，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?/p>

As she was in a bad mood， we left her alone. 由于她心情不好，我們就沒去打擾她。

He is absent from school because he is ill. 因?yàn)樯。麤]來上課。

Since everybody is here， lets begin. 既然大家都到齊了，我們開始吧。

【典型題例】

1. They wanted to charge ?5，000 for the car， ___ we managed to bring the price down.

A. but????????????? B. so

C. when??????????? D. since

2. I always take something to read when I go to the doctors ___ I have to wait.

A. in case??? ????????? B. so that

C. in order??????? D. as if

3. —Somebody wants you on the telephone.

—___ no one knows Im here.

A. For????????????? B. And

C. But????????????? D. So

4. He transplanted the little tree to the garden ___ it was the best time for it.

A. where??????????????? B. when

C. that???????????? D. until

5. He tried his best to solve the problem，

___ difficult it was.

A. however????????? B. no matter

C. whatever???? ???? D. although

6. It is known to all that ___ you exercise regularly， you wont keep good health.

A. unless ?????????????? B. whenever

C. although???? ????? D. if

7. Allow children the space to voice their opinions， ___ they are different from your own.

A. until???????????? B. even if

C. unless??????????????? D. as though

8. The old tower must be saved， ___ the cost.

A. however?????? B. whatever

C. whichever?????????? D. wherever

9. ___ I explained on the phone， your? request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When???????????????? B. After

C. As?????????????? D. Since

10. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely， ___ she was an only child.

A. ever since ???????? B. now that

C. even though? D. even as

11. It was some time ___ we realized the truth.

A. when??????????? B. until

C. since??????????? D. before

12. You must keep on working in the evening ___ you are sure you can finish the task in time.

A. as ?? B. if????? ??? C. when D. unless

13. That was really a splendid evening. Its years ___ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. when??????????? B. that

C. before?????????????? D. since

14. The American Civil War lasted four years ___ the North won in the end.

A. after??????????? B. before

C. when ????????? D. then

15. Unlike watching TV， reading is highly??? active process ___ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.

A. until???????????? B. but

C. unless???? ????????? D. for