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右歸丸中5種重金屬元素的含量分析

2021-10-15 03:07:34李存金謝婷周云峰鄧杰華吳喆黃招光
中國藥房 2021年19期

李存金 謝婷 周云峰 鄧杰華 吳喆 黃招光

中圖分類號 R917 文獻標志碼 A 文章編號 1001-0408(2021)19-2377-06

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.19.12

摘 要 目的:考察市售右歸丸中銅(Cu)、砷(As)、鎘(Cd)、汞(Hg)、鉛(Pb)等5種重金屬元素的含量,并評價其安全風險。方法:以釔(89Y)、銦(115In)、鉍(209Bi)為內標,采用電感耦合等離子體質譜(ICP-MS)法測定各元素的含量。設置ICP-MS的條件為霧化氣流量0.95 L/min,輔助氣流量1.2 L/min,等離子體氣(氬氣)流量18 L/min,泵速30 r/min;設置電感耦合等離子體射頻功率為1 200 W,模擬階段電壓為-1 750 V,脈沖階段電壓為1 300 V,偏轉裝置電壓為-12 V,檢測器為模擬和脈沖雙模式。對各元素含量測定方法進行方法學考察,并對45批市售右歸丸樣品進行測定。運用危害指數(HI)對各元素非致癌性風險進行分析,并擬定各元素的最大殘留閾值(MRL)。結果:Cu、As、Cd、Hg、Pb檢測質量濃度線性范圍分別為10~200、1~50、0.4~30、0.2~6、2~100 μg/L, ?r均大于0.999 0;定量限分別為0.67、0.23、0.20、0.07、0.27 μg/L,檢測限分別為0.20、0.07、0.06、0.02、0.08 μg/L;精密度、穩定性、重復性試驗的RSD均小于3.5%(n=6或n=5);平均加樣回收率為92.96%~100.89%,RSD為2.23%~3.62%(n=3)。45批右歸丸樣品中Cu、As、Cd、Hg、Pb的平均含量分別為2.72、0.28、0.07、0.05、0.62 mg/kg,各元素的疊加HI小于1。右歸丸中5種重金屬元素的含量均低于擬定的MRL(Cu、As、Cd、Hg、Pb的MRL分別為20、2、1、0.2、5 mg/kg或者111.11、4.44、2.22、1.48、8.89 mg/kg)。結論:所建方法可用于測定右歸丸中5種重金屬的含量;市售右歸丸的常見重金屬污染率低,安全風險小。

關鍵詞 右歸丸;重金屬;電感耦合等離子體質譜法;限度;最大殘留閾值;危害指數

Content Analysis of 5 Kinds of Heavy Metal in Yougui Pills

LI Cunjin1,XIE Ting2,ZHOU Yunfeng3,DENG Jiehua3,WU Zhe3,HUANG Zhaoguang3(1. The Fourth Inspection Institute of Jiangxi Drug Inspector Center, Jiangxi Yichun 336000, China; 2. Science and Education Department, Yichun Municipal Peoples Hospital, Jiangxi Yichun 336000, China; 3. Drug Department, Yichun Institute for Food and Drug Inspection, Jiangxi Yichun 336000, China)

ABSTRACT ? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the contents of 5 kinds of heavy metal as copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) in Yougui pills, and to evaluate its safety risk. METHODS: Using yttrium (89Y), indium (115In) and bismuth (209bi) as internal standard, the contents of each element were determined by ICP-MS. ICP-MS condition included that atomization gas flow rate was 0.95 L/min,auxiliary gas flow rate was 1.2 L/min,plasma gas (argon) flow rate was 18 L/min, pump speed was 30 r/min. RF power of inductively coupled plasma was 1 200 W, the voltage in simulation stage was 1 750 V, the voltage in pulse stage was 1 300 V, the voltage of deflection device was -12 V, and the detector was in analog and pulse dual-mode. The determination methods of various elements were investigated, and 45 batches of marketed Yougui pills were determined. Hazard index (HI) was used to analyze the non-carcinogenic risk of each element and calculate the maximum residual limit (MRL) of each element. RESULTS: The linear range of Cu, As, Cd, Hg and Pb ranged from 10-200, 1-50, 0.4-30, 0.2-6 and 2-100 μg/L (all r>0.999 0), respectively. The limits of quantitation were 0.67, 0.23, 0.20, 0.07, 0.27 μg/L. The limits of detection were 0.20, 0.07, 0.06, 0.02, 0.08 μg/L. RSDs of precision, stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3.5% (n=6 or n=5). Average recoveries were 92.96%-100.89% (RSD=2.23%-3.62%, n=3). Average contents of Cu, As, Cd, Hg and Pb in 45 batches of Yougui pills were 2.72, 0.28, 0.07, 0.05, 0.62 mg/kg, and superimposed HI of each element was less than 1. The contents of 5 kinds of heavy metals in Yougui pills were lower than the proposed MRL (MRL of Cu, As, Cd, Hg and Pb were 20, 2, 1, 0.2, 5 mg/kg or 111.11, 4.44, 2.22, 1.48, 8.89 mg/kg respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Established method can be used for the determination of content of 5 kinds of heavy metal in Yougui pills; the heavy metal pollution rate of marketed Yougui pills is low and the safety risk is small.

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