孫皖豫



摘要:將光敏手性劑添加到向列型液晶中制成光學器件,把器件放在DMD光刻系統中,添加365nm的UV光誘導液晶手性發生變化,再用紅光透過樣品從而觀察衍射效應。光刻系統分別投影純白,黑白條紋兩種不同的圖片作為掩模版,觀察出射偏振態的變化和衍射效率。純白下的出射光偏振態會隨著光強的增大而順時針偏轉,但是光強不變。黑白條紋下的衍射角度隨著UV光強的增大同樣順時針偏轉,而衍射效率和響應速度也隨著UV光強的增大而增大。無論是均勻還是周期的UV光照射,都能調制輸出光(前者是調制0級,后者是衍射1級)的偏振態。
關鍵詞:DMD;手性劑;衍射;液晶光柵;光敏材料
中圖分類號:TN141.9? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1009-3044(2021)25-0024-04
Abstract:Add the photosensitive chiral agent to the nematic liquid crystal to make an optical device, place the device in the DMD lithography system, add 365nm UV light to induce a change in the chirality of the liquid crystal, and then use red light to pass through the sample to observe the diffraction effect . The lithography system respectively projected two different pictures of pure white and black and white stripes as masks to observe the changes in the output polarization state and the diffraction efficiency. The polarization state of the outgoing light under pure white will be deflected clockwise as the light intensity increases, but the light intensity does not change. The diffraction angle under the black and white fringes is also deflected clockwise with the increase of UV light intensity, and the diffraction efficiency and response speed also increase with the increase of UV light intensity. Regardless of whether it is uniform or periodic UV light irradiation, it can modulate the polarization state of the output light (the former is modulated 0 order, the latter is diffraction 1 order) to realize optically adjustable polarization optical devices, which can be used for optical communication and information processing.
Key words:dmd; chiral agent; diffraction; liquid crystal grating; photosensitive material
1 引言
液晶光柵是一種重要的光學器件。液晶光柵通過改變液晶的折射率等光學特性,使其器件內部在空間上的物理性質產生周期性變化,繼而引起的普通光和非常光的相位差和偏轉特性改變,從而實現衍射效果的器件[1]。液晶光柵制備原理簡單,成型方式快捷,理論的偏轉效率可達到100%,在光束控制、空間光通信、激光雷達等領域有著重要的應用前景,被譽為第四代光學元件,具有重要的研究意義和應用價值[2]。
在手性向列(膽甾型)液晶中,存在螺旋結構,螺旋結構是決定液晶系統中圖案形態多樣性的關鍵因素。在眾多材料中,光響應手性摻雜劑的螺旋扭曲力以及由此引起的螺旋結構可以根據材料性能,表面條件和外加場參數進行調整。例如,觀察到在垂直液晶盒中由光學誘導的螺旋反轉引起的膽甾型液晶的結構變化[3],包括從“躺著的左手螺旋”到“未纏繞的垂直狀態”到“躺在右手螺旋上”。此后,提出了一種光場中膽甾型液晶的光學旋轉相位光柵。由于非光致變色和光敏手性摻雜劑,膽甾型液晶的螺旋旋性可以可逆地進行光轉換。結果表明,紫外線照射使衍射光柵順時針旋轉,而可見光照射則引起逆時針旋轉[4]。
本文利用左手性的光敏手性摻雜劑研究紫外照射下衍射光柵的出射偏振態和衍射強度,實現光學可調的偏振光學器件,可用于光通信和信息處理。
2 實驗材料與配置
2.1 實驗材料
手性液晶材料由M5(9-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]naphthalen-1-ylidene)-9H-fluorene),和向列型液晶E7(北京八億時空液晶股份有限公司),M5是高效液相色譜(HPLC)手性拆分后的外消旋飽和烯烴的左旋異構體[5]。手性液晶的相變溫度取決于主體E7的向列范圍以及摻雜劑M5的重量濃度(CM5)。以下用作主要成分的CM5=0.1%時,手性向列相存在于室溫。