那須鹽原市圖書館

設(shè)計(jì)：Mari Ito/UAo

攝影：DAICI ANO

位于忙碌、充滿活力的城市中心的公共圖書館圖書館兼社區(qū)中心位于東京以北約150km 處的那須鹽原市。在2016 年的設(shè)計(jì)競賽中奪得桂冠。城市名片之一，森林成為該項(xiàng)目的靈感。踏入森林，我們感受到季節(jié)、天氣、植物和動物生命微妙而持續(xù)的變化，撫摸著，撼動著內(nèi)心。同樣，漫步圖書館，鐫刻著格言的閱讀區(qū)和散步在各處的展覽空間時，人們與不同的行為活動發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)，感受到不同層次與區(qū)域間的柔和變化。項(xiàng)目豐富多重感官，激發(fā)了探索與學(xué)習(xí)的欲望。

口袋森林“口袋森林”即在建筑中植入林中空地一般的小中庭。天空突然進(jìn)入視野，陽光傾瀉而下。其沒有固定的功能，可應(yīng)用于社區(qū)活動、展覽等多種場合。聲象從中宣泄而出，圖書館內(nèi)不同位置的人都能感知到活動的進(jìn)行。

放射書架放射布置的書架構(gòu)成了建筑的主體框架。一層格子細(xì)工的通高書架仿佛森林中叢生的樹木，輕盈地分隔區(qū)域、過濾視線，營造出互相關(guān)聯(lián)、層次分明、移步換景的全景視圖。二層，“放射書架”將日本圖書館分類系統(tǒng)中的餅狀圖立體化，搜索更加方便快捷，并打通了跨越分類的交通流線。

葉子線“葉子線”其實(shí)是仿照森林樹冠下邊緣，可以覆蓋整個建筑內(nèi)部的百葉窗式天花板。多面體形式的高度變化創(chuàng)造出許多松散、大小不一的空間。斑駁的光線從百葉窗傾瀉到二樓，營造出變化多端的光線環(huán)境?；ヂ?lián)互通，森林般的靜謐空間吸引著來往游客。將附近的都市風(fēng)景與聚集在圖書館中學(xué)習(xí)和參與活動的人們的日?；顒?，變化成各式各樣的場景。

如今，人們不再把公共圖書館充當(dāng)為“第三聚會地”，而是成為激發(fā)活力學(xué)習(xí)和互動興趣的場所，作為社會設(shè)施在更廣泛的社區(qū)內(nèi)產(chǎn)生漣漪，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)整個城市發(fā)展。個人在這個“文字森林”中獲得的認(rèn)知和知識作為一種強(qiáng)大的資源又回饋社區(qū)，進(jìn)而引發(fā)重大變化，并在更廣泛的社區(qū)范圍中激發(fā)出永恒認(rèn)知。這就是那須鹽原市圖書館所體現(xiàn)的理念。

A public library at the heart of a compact,vibrant cityThis library and community center is located in the city of Nasushiobara,about 150 km north of Tokyo.The commission was awarded in a 2016 competition.Forests,an important part of the city’s identity,inspired the design.When we step into a forest,we sense the subtle yet constant changes in season,weather,and plant and animal life,absorbing these transformations in multiple emotionally powerful ways.Similarly,as visitors walk freely through the library,they experience layers of subtle changes unfolding across softly defined borders,from the aphorisms and other exhibits displayed at various locations in the building to the activities and other human-caused transformations taking place.Through the stimulation of multiple senses,the design is intended to spark new realizations and learning.

Forest PocketsThe“forest pockets”are atria resembling small clearings in the woods where the sky suddenly becomes visible and light pours in.They have no clearly defined purpose but instead are available for community events,exhibits,and other uses.Sounds and sights escape upwards and outwards,allowing people in other parts of the building to sense the activity in these spaces.

Radiating BookshelvesRadiating bookshelves form the framework of the entire building.On the first floor,lines of sight filter through the latticework dividers that gently partition the space as if one were looking between trees in a forest,creating an interconnected,constantly changing panorama of layered activity.On the second floor,the radiating shelves form a reallife version of the pie charts used in the Japanese library classification system,improving searchability and enabling circulation routes that cut across the categorized stacks.

LeaflineThe“l(fā)eafline”is a louvered ceiling covering the entire interior,modeled on the lower edge of a forest crown.The height variations in the polyhedral form create a number of loosely divided spaces of varying size.Dappled light pours through the louvers to the first floor,creating a varied light environment.The result is an interconnected,forest-like space that gently enwraps visitors,turning the surrounding cityscape as well as the everyday activity of the people who gather in the library to learn and participate in events into a variety of ever-changing scenes.

Today,public libraries are no longer expected to serve only as a“third place”where people can gather,but also to spark vital learning and interaction that ripples through the wider community as social capital,contributing to the development of the city as a whole.The awareness and knowledge that individuals gain in this“forest of words”return to their neighborhoods as a powerful resource capable of setting off significant change and inspiring lasting awareness in the broader community.Those are the ideals that Nasushiobara City Library embodies.