斯圖加特Anne Frank 學(xué)校和Heilbrunnen 學(xué)校自助餐廳

設(shè)計(jì)：hammeskrause architekten

學(xué)生類建筑最適合通過參與式程序進(jìn)行建筑設(shè)計(jì)決策。不可否認(rèn)的是，斯圖加特Anne Frank 學(xué)校和Heilbrunnen 學(xué)校的新自助餐廳大樓已實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)。自助餐廳是大家共進(jìn)午餐和舉辦學(xué)校活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所。從城市規(guī)劃方面講，得益于餐廳的定位，兩座學(xué)校建筑在結(jié)構(gòu)上和空間上實(shí)現(xiàn)成功整合。這也使得學(xué)校及其學(xué)生的不同教學(xué)重點(diǎn)能夠滿足社會(huì)對(duì)包容性的強(qiáng)烈需求。顯然，在餐廳的設(shè)計(jì)過程中，這種參與式設(shè)計(jì)成為了綜合性和參與性程序的核心方面。令人信服地是，這一點(diǎn)已經(jīng)在屋頂封頂和墻壁圍護(hù)的設(shè)計(jì)中得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。餐廳已成為兩校互動(dòng)融合共存的不言而喻、直觀的標(biāo)識(shí)和投影面。

新餐廳大樓位于校園通道區(qū)。從城市規(guī)劃角度來看，這既是校園入口，也是校園的終點(diǎn)。校園的獨(dú)特之處在于擁有幾棟20 世紀(jì)60 年代的典型校舍。粗糙的外露混凝土護(hù)欄與棕色、厚邊的熱帶木窗交替建造。屋頂平坦而又硬實(shí)。新餐廳并沒有復(fù)制這一點(diǎn)，這也是希望通過現(xiàn)代化方式表達(dá)學(xué)校應(yīng)積極追求多樣性。餐廳原型將屋頂和墻壁整合為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大元素，與現(xiàn)有建筑形成強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比，從而為學(xué)生、教師和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裨诨疑⒒祀s的郊區(qū)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)中創(chuàng)造出巨大視覺沖擊力。

在為期數(shù)月的密集聯(lián)合研討會(huì)中，兩所學(xué)校的學(xué)生討論了各種創(chuàng)意思路，并從中為新建筑制定了一個(gè)獲得普遍認(rèn)可的色彩理念。這個(gè)實(shí)踐設(shè)計(jì)流程由美術(shù)老師陪同，建筑師主持。

在研討會(huì)中提出的“野餐用花圃”想法無需修改便可實(shí)施。由四種不同顏色的鋁瓦組成的屋頂非常醒目，象征著學(xué)校和有著不同天賦的學(xué)生們跳動(dòng)的心臟。“有所作為，讓世界更美好”，已經(jīng)成為餐廳傳遞給孩子們的核心信息。

整座建筑明亮而輕盈，屋頂墻體構(gòu)件橫跨餐廳和功能廳，且無任何支撐。面朝學(xué)校的全玻璃山墻是另一吸引點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)著學(xué)生大膽進(jìn)入。由于向東朝向，餐廳內(nèi)部和校園融為一體。室內(nèi)裝修及其構(gòu)件也促進(jìn)了這一空間聯(lián)系。墻壁和屋頂上特意設(shè)置的開口讓陽光傾斜而入，進(jìn)來的人們也可以將餐廳一看到底。

There are few projects in which decision-making on the building design through a participatory procedure is more appropriate than in building for pupils.This has undeniably been achieved with the new cafeteria building for the Anne Frank School and the Heilbrunnen School in Stuttgart.The cafeteria is the place for joint lunches and school functions.In terms of urban planning,the cafeteria is positioned so that it succeeds in integrating both school buildings structurally and spatially via the shared schoolyard.This also allows the different pedagogical focuses of both schools and their pupils to meet the intense social demand for lived inclusion.Hence it obviously follows that precisely this involvement in the design process for the cafeteria can be a central aspect of an integrative and participatory procedure.This was convincingly achieved for the design of the envelope covering the roof and the wall.It became the self-evident and intuitive identification and projection surface for the interactive merging and coexistence of both schools on the campus.

The new cafeteria building is located in its access area.In terms of urban planning,it forms both the entrance and the end of the schoolyard.The campus is characterised by several school buildings typical of the 1960s.Rough exposed-aggregate concrete parapets alternate with brown,thick-profiled ribbon windows made of tropical wood.The roofs are flat and hard.Not replicating this in the design of the new cafeteria is due to the desire for a contemporary expression of the positive and enriching diversity that a school should facilitate.Its archetype,combining roof and wall into one strong element,deliberately contrasts with the existing buildings,thereby creating a robust visibility for the new,vibrant building block in the grey,heterogeneous suburban fabric for the students,the teachers and the residents of the district.

In a number of intensive,joint workshops held over a period of several months,the pupils of both schools developed and discussed ideas and variants,from which they elaborated a generally approved colour concept for the new buildingshell.This hands-on design process was accompanied by the art teachers and moderated by the architects.

The idea of a“flower meadow for a picnic”developed in the workshops could be implementedwithout any changes.This one,jointly designed layer of four differently coloured aluminium shingles is a symbol for the pulsating heart of both schools and the pupils with their very different talents.Realising that you can make a difference,that you can contribute to making the world a“better place”has become the central message for the children.

Bright and light,the roof-wall element spans the dining and function hall without any supports.Its fully glazed gable opens up the cafeteriatowards the campus as an inviting gesture.Due to its eastward orientation,the interior and the schoolyard merge into one another.The interior fit-out and its elements support this spatial connection.Deliberately positioned openings in the walls and roof allow daylight to enter and direct the eye to the outside.