煤場(chǎng)

作品類(lèi)別 Category:數(shù)字建筑設(shè)計(jì) Digital Building Design

獲獎(jiǎng)單位 Design Company:[英國(guó) United Kingdom] Heatherwick Studio

這對(duì)狹長(zhǎng)的兩層建筑位于國(guó)王十字街區(qū)開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)，始建于1850 年，曾經(jīng)用于接收煤塊，之后用作輕工業(yè)、存儲(chǔ)和夜店，直到上世紀(jì)90 年代廢棄。

Located within the King’s Cross development,the linear two-storey structures were built in 1850 to receive coal and were later adapted for light industry,storage,and nightclubs until they fell into disuse in the late 1990s.

在總體規(guī)劃中，這對(duì)占地67 英畝的建筑物被指定用于零售開(kāi)發(fā)。我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)參與設(shè)計(jì)，建造兩座橋梁將建筑物連接起來(lái)。但是，根據(jù)我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)香港一個(gè)購(gòu)物中心的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們認(rèn)為需要對(duì)場(chǎng)地進(jìn)行更大的改動(dòng)，這樣才能為人們提供輕松聚集和流動(dòng)的地方，同時(shí)也響應(yīng)日新月異的零售市場(chǎng)對(duì)創(chuàng)建“體驗(yàn)”的日益傾向。

The structures were earmarked for retail in the masterplan for the 67-acre site,with our team brought on board to create two bridges to link the two structures.However,using knowledge gained from designing a shopping mall in Hong Kong,we believed the site required a larger intervention to create a place where people can gather and circulate with ease,and respond to a changing retail market that is increasingly opting for the creation of an ‘experience’.

兩座建筑的屋頂都需要重大修繕，這也為創(chuàng)造全新的場(chǎng)地核心提供契機(jī)。根據(jù)最終的設(shè)計(jì)，要擴(kuò)展倉(cāng)庫(kù)內(nèi)部的人字形屋頂，連接兩個(gè)高架橋，界定庭院空間，從而在新的上層創(chuàng)造20,000 平方英尺的額外空間，同時(shí)打造動(dòng)態(tài)的流通模式。列入二級(jí)清單的東部卸煤倉(cāng)的北端在1970 年代被燒毀，因此屋頂體量移至現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)最少的北部。設(shè)計(jì)干預(yù)力求最低程度的侵入，同時(shí)不對(duì)現(xiàn)有建筑物施加重量或負(fù)載。為營(yíng)造兩個(gè)屋頂被拉開(kāi)又連接在一起的錯(cuò)覺(jué)，將52 對(duì)柱子穿過(guò)現(xiàn)有建筑物，連接到新的房基上來(lái)支撐屋頂。三個(gè)鋼桁架形成捆綁的拱門(mén)，在觸碰點(diǎn)相互依靠。從高處的有利位置，顧客可以看到南面的國(guó)王十字街區(qū)或北面的劉易斯丘比特廣場(chǎng)。在下面，新的屋頂創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)20 米高的遮蔽空間，人們可以在此流連忘返，同時(shí)還可以舉辦音樂(lè)會(huì)或表演。在整個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，各單元面積不一（160 平方英尺、1300 平方英尺、2500 平方英尺、20,000 英尺以上等），可容納各種成熟和新興品牌以及新的餐廳、酒吧和咖啡館。

The roofs of both structures were in need of significant repair,providing an opportunity to create a new heart to the site.The resultant design proposed to extend the inner gabled roofs of the warehouses to link the two viaducts and define the yard,creating 20,000 square feet of additional space on a new upper storey,as well as creating fluid patterns of circulation.The north end of the Grade II-listed eastern coal drop was burnt out in the 1970s so the roof massing was moved to the north where there was minimal existing fabric.The design intervention was carried out with minimal intrusion and without putting weight or load on to the existing buildings.To create an illusion of the two roofs being pulled away and joined together,52 pairs of columns were threaded through the existing buildings on to new foundations to support the roof.Three steel trusses forming tied arches rest upon one another at the kissing point.From the elevated vantage point,visitors can survey views south to King’s Cross,or north to Lewis Cubitt Square.Beneath,the new roof creates a sheltered twenty-metre-high space for people to linger in as well as providing a venue large enough to host concerts or performances.Across the project,units vary in size (ranging from 160 sq ft,1300 sq ft,2500 sq ft to over 20,000 sq ft),accommodating a wide range of established and emerging brands,alongside new restaurants,bars,and cafes.

該項(xiàng)目結(jié)合精密工程與精雕細(xì)琢的元素，將鋼桁架和結(jié)構(gòu)玻璃與鑄鐵、板巖等維多利亞時(shí)代的材料相融合，創(chuàng)造出場(chǎng)地特定的紋理。

Marrying precision engineering with crafted elements,the project combines steel trusses and structural glass together with Victorian materials such as cast iron and slates to create a site-specific texture.

設(shè)計(jì)盡可能多地保留原有建筑，從整體的角度進(jìn)行處理，彰顯建筑物的特定紋理和歷史。由于卸煤倉(cāng)的設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)象是火車(chē)而不是人，因此必須設(shè)置合理的天花板高度，讓內(nèi)外空間相符。項(xiàng)目還對(duì)鵝卵石庭院進(jìn)行全面而謹(jǐn)慎的修復(fù)，為周?chē)泵Φ纳鐓^(qū)帶來(lái)滲透性。

The design retains as much as possible on both structures,treating them holistically to celebrate the specific texture and history of the buildings.As the coal drops were designed for trains,not people,it was essential to rationalise the ceiling heights throughout and get the inside level to meet with the outside.The project also included a comprehensive yet sensitive restoration of the cobbled yard,which provides permeability with the surrounding busy neighbourhood.