The 15-minute city(excerpt)15分鐘城市（節(jié)選）

Carlos Moreno

你聽說過15分鐘城市嗎？在這里，人們在步行或者騎車15分鐘的距離內(nèi)，就可以充分體驗到城市生活的各種便利。

1I would like to offer a concept of cities that goes against modern urbanism.I call it the 15-minute city.Such cities should be designed or redesigned within the distance of a 15-minute walk or bike ride.

2What do we need to create 15-minute cities?First,we should start asking questions that we have forgotten.We need to look hard at how to use our square meters.For instance,what is that space for?Who's using it and how?We should understand what resources we have and how they are used.Then we need to ask what services are available in the vicinity—not only in the city center,but in every vicinity.We also have to ask ourselves:How do we work?Why is the place I live in here,and work is far away?

3We need to rethink cities around the four guiding principles.First,ecology—for a green and sustainable city.Second,proximity—to live with reduced kilometers to other activities.Third,solidarity—to create links between people.Finally,participation should actively involve citizens in the transformation of their neighborhood.

4How do we get this done?The first city to adopt the 15-minute city idea is Paris.Mayor(市長)Anne Hidalgo has suggested a big bang of proximity,which includes,for instance,a massive decentralization,developing new services for each of the districts—a reduction of traffic by increasing bike lanes into spaces of leisure;new economic models to encourage local shops;building more green spaces;transforming existing infrastructure.That's actually a golden rule of the 15-minute city:every square meter that's already built should be used for different things.

5The 15-minute city should have three key features.First,the rhythm of the city should follow humans,not cars.Second,each square meter should serve different purposes.Finally,neighborhoods should be designed so that we can live,work and thrive in them without having to constantly commute elsewhere.

6It's funny if you think of it:the way many modern cities are designed for saving time,and yet so much time is lost to commuting,sitting in traffic jams,driving to a mall.The 15-minute city idea answers the question of saving time by turning it on its head,by suggesting a different pace of life—a 15-minute pace.

7Thank you.

Reading Check

Ⅰ.Choose the best answers according to the text

Genre 1.What is the type of this text?

A.A letter. B.A lecture. C.A narration. D.A description.

Vocabulary 2.What does the underlined word “proximity” mean in paragraph 3?

A.Wide space. B.Narrow space.

C.Long distance. D.Short distance.

Detail 3.What plays a key role in the idea of the 15-minute city according to the text?

A.Urban lifestyle. B.Active participation.

C.New services. D.Saving time.

Ⅱ.Fill in each blank with only one word according to the text

T h e 1 5-m i n u t e c i t y I n t r o d u c t i o n(P a r a.1)T h e 1 5-m i n u t e c i t y s h o u l d b e d e s i g n e d o r r e d e s i g n e d 1.__________t h e d i s t a n c e o f a 1 5-m i n u t e w a l k o r b i k e r i d e.◆ T h r e e k i n d s o f q u e s t i o n s√ H o w t o u s e o u r s q u a r e m e t e r s a n d 2._________ _?√ W h a t s e r v i c e s a r e 3._________ _i n e v e r y v i c i n i t y?√ A s k o u r s e l v e s:H o w d o w e w o r k?W h y i s t h e p l a c e I l i v e i n h e r e,a n d w o r k i s f a r a w a y?◆ F o u r g u i d i n g 4.__________√ E c o l o g y:f o r a g r e e n a n d 5.__________c i t y√ P r o x i m i t y:t o l i v e w i t h r e d u c e d d i s t a n c e t o o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s√ S o l i d a r i t y:t o c r e a t e 6.__________b e t w e e n p e o p l e√ 7.__________:t o a c t i v e l y i n v o l v e c i t i z e n s i n t h e t r a n s f o r m a t i o n o f t h e i r n e i g h b o r h o o d◆ A g o l d e n r u l e√ E v e r y s q u a r e m e t e r t h a t's a l r e a d y b u i l t s h o u l d b e u s e d f o r d i f f e r e n t t h i n g s.◆ T h r e e k e y f e a t u r e s√ T h e 8._________ _o f t h e c i t y s h o u l d f o l l o w h u m a n s,n o t c a r s.√ E a c h s q u a r e m e t e r s h o u l d s e r v e d i f f e r e n t p u r p o s e s.√ 9.__________s h o u l d b e d e s i g n e d s o t h a t w e c a n l i v e,w o r k a n d t h r i v e i n t h e m w i t h o u t h a v i n g t o c o n s t a n t l y c o m m u t e e l s e w h e r e.B o d y:w a y s o f d e v e l o p i n g 1 5-m i n u t e c i t i e s(P a r a.2～P a r a.5)1 0.(P a r a.6～P a r a.7)T h e 1 5-m i n u t e c i t y i d e a a n s w e r s t h e q u e s t i o n o f s a v i n g t i m e b y t u r n i n g i t o n i t s h e a d,b y s u g g e s t i n g a d i f f e r e n t p a c e o f l i f e—a 1 5-m i n u t e p a c e.

Language Study

Memorize some text-centered chunks

be designed for為……而設(shè)計 be lost to sth被……奪去

主題應(yīng)用·語庫構(gòu)建

Ⅰ.高頻表達

城市描繪

international metropolis/cosmopolitan city國際化大都市

the world city世界之都

a city in move動感之都

the city of culture文化之都

ancient/historical city古都

the city of commoners大眾之城

coastal city沿海城市

tourist city旅游城市

industrial city工業(yè)城市

modern city現(xiàn)代化都市

smart city智慧城市

remote city偏遠城市

municipalityunderthecentralgovernment直轄市provincial capital省會

a first-tier city一線城市

a second-tier city二線城市

a third-tier city三線城市

kicking Beijing活力北京

food in Guangzhou食在廣州

intoxicated in Guizhou醉在貴州

delicacies in Chengdu味在成都

公共設(shè)施

public facilities公共設(shè)施

basic facilities基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

sports/leisure facilities體育/休閑設(shè)施

medical facilities醫(yī)療設(shè)施

city hall市政廳

seat of power政府所在地

police station警察局

office building辦公大樓

shopping center購物中心

commercial center商業(yè)中心

department store百貨公司

shop/store商店

public transportation system公共交通系統(tǒng)

high-speed railway station高鐵站

subway station地鐵站

taxi stand出租車站

parking lot停車場

museum博物館

movie theatre/theater電影院

post office郵局

stadium體育場

art museum美術(shù)館

art gallery畫廊

amusement park游樂園

theme park主題樂園

botanical garden植物園

zoological garden動物園

tourist attractions旅游景點

ancient sites古遺址

cultural sites文化遺跡

historical sites歷史遺跡

iconic buildings標志性建筑

historical landmarks歷史地標

exquisite sculptures精致的雕塑

magnificent buildings宏偉的建筑

城市生活

urbanization城市化

centre/center市中心

municipality市政當局

municipal市的；市政的

downtown市中心的

district地區(qū)

urban市區(qū)的

suburb近郊區(qū)

outskirts市郊

village/hamlet村莊

the country/countryside鄉(xiāng)村

residential area居民區(qū)；住宅區(qū)

slum/shantytown貧民窟；貧民區(qū)

flat/apartment公寓

hole/dump狹小破舊的住房

city dwellers城市居民

city planning城市規(guī)劃

urban sprawl城市擴張

living standard生活水平

migrating population流動人口

rows of skyscrapers鱗次櫛比的摩天大樓

buzzing/bustling high streets熙熙攘攘的商業(yè)大街

a robust and reliable transportation network堅實可靠的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)

the fast paced life快節(jié)奏的生活

green and sustainable綠色可持續(xù)

long established久負盛名的

just be at home/feel at home賓至如歸

a new perspective耳目一新

beyond one's imagination超乎某人的想象

Ⅱ.美句背誦

城市介紹

1.Beijing is an ancient and traditional city,with countless cultural relics and historic sites such as the Forbidden City,the Summer Palace,and the Temple of Heaven.北京是一個古老而傳統(tǒng)的城市，有著數(shù)不清的文物和歷史遺跡，如故宮、頤和園、天壇。

2.The people in Beijing are hospitable and warm-hearted.They are open to different cultures and like chatting and sharing.北京人民熱情好客。他們對不同的文化持開放態(tài)度，喜歡聊天和分享。

3.Shanghai's public transportation system is very well developed.It's convenient for you to reach any of your destinations.上海的公共交通系統(tǒng)非常發(fā)達。你去哪里都很方便。

4.It offers tourists art and history museums tracing China's growth through the ages,and magnificent examples of Chinese architecture in its buildings.它為游客們提供了追尋中國時代發(fā)展過程的藝術(shù)和歷史博物館，而且這里的建筑堪稱中國建筑的典范。

5.Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province.It's a large modern city that develops fast.廣州是廣東省的省會城市，是一個快速發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代都市。

城市生活

1.I am a big/huge/massive fan of city living.我非常喜歡城市生活。

2.In cities,there are more jobs and various opportunities in different fields which help people to find a decent and well-paid job.在城市里，有更多的工作機會和不同領(lǐng)域的各種機會，這些有助于人們找到一份體面又高薪的工作。

3.Although the job market is a lot more competitive in cities,there is still a wide variety of jobs available that you can take part in.雖然城市的就業(yè)市場競爭要激烈得多，但仍然有各種各樣的工作可供你參加。

4.In the future,I might be tempted to move to the country because I don't think the city is a place to raise children.在未來，我可能會想搬到鄉(xiāng)村去，因為我不認為城市是一個適合撫養(yǎng)孩子的地方。

5.Although there are drawbacks of living in such a crowded and busy city,I wouldn't want to live anywhere else.雖然住在這樣一個擁擠繁忙的城市有種種缺點，但我（現(xiàn)在）不想住在別的地方。

6.Many people may complain about the traffic jams or pollution in the city,but I think with some useful measures to take,our city will be more habitable rather than stressful.許多人可能會抱怨城市的交通堵塞或污染，但我認為，如果采取一些有效的措施，我們的城市將更適合居住，而不是充滿壓力。

7.Because of urbanization,some of the largest cities must be fairly oppressive places if you are short of money or unemployed.However,for those with much income,a city provides a colorful environment which enables them to enjoy their modern life.由于城市化，如果你缺錢或失業(yè)，一些大城市一定是相當令人壓抑的地方。然而，對于那些高收入的人來說，城市提供了豐富多彩的環(huán)境，使他們能夠享受現(xiàn)代生活。

Ⅲ.主題寫作

假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Tim想要在暑假時到中國旅游，他發(fā)郵件向你征求建議。請你給他回復(fù)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.推薦一個城市；

2.給出推薦理由。注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Ⅳ.主題測評

見P50～P59自測園地“城市之光，點亮生活”內(nèi)容