泰山勝跡

文／刁艷杰

圖／侯賀良

時光深處，茫茫自然之間，一座雄偉蒼健的大山，在齊魯大地上拔地而起，影照東方。泰山，一個聞名世界的中國符號，于天地造化中，一覽眾山小。

歷經時間雕琢，泰山自成一派景象：每日拂曉時分，萬籟俱寂，一輪紅日從東方晨曦中噴薄而出，為世間披上紅妝；待到雨后初晴，水汽上升，山間涌出平鋪萬里的浩瀚云海，巋然如仙境；南天門下，十八盤盡顯雄偉壯美，險要陡峭的盤路如天門云梯，似要連接天上與人間。

作為華夏文明的象征，泰山既是自然遺產，也是文化遺產。1987年12月，泰山被聯合國教科文組織世界遺產委員會列入《世界遺產名錄》，成為中國第一個世界文化與自然雙遺產。東方、蒼天、紅日、高山，一系列的特質，讓泰山成為古代帝王祭拜天地、宣誓皇權正統的主場。

相較于帝王對泰山的熱愛，華夏名士與泰山之間的情感聯系則更為密切。“孔子登東山而小魯，登泰山而小天下。”孔子與泰山的奇妙緣分，成為后世文人無限追捧的對象。故自孔子以來，受儒家文化的影響，歷代文人墨客、才子佳人亦登泰山作詩，快慰平生，成就千古佳話。

圖／曲業芝

圖／侯立峰

圖／王立軍

In the depths of time,amid nature,a mighty,towering mountain rises straight from the land of Shandong,facing the east.Mount Tai,a world-famous symbol of China,dwarfs all peaks between heaven and earth.

Over time,Mount Tai has formed its unique scenes:at dawn every morning,when all things are still,a red sun comes out from the east,adding red to the earth;when the sky is clear after rain,with the condensation of water vapor,a vast sea of clouds spread over the mountain,like a fairyland;under the Southern Heavenly Gate,the Eighteen Bends showcases its majestic splendor,and the steep and dangerous winding path seems like a sky ladder connecting heaven and earth.

As a symbol of the Chinese civilization,Mount Tai is not only a natural heritage site,but also a cultural heritage site.In December 1987,Mount Tai was inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee,becoming China’s first double heritage of world culture and nature.With a series of characteristics,e.g.the east,the sky,the red sun and the high mountain,Mount Tai became a place where ancient emperors offered sacrifices to heaven and earth,and announced the legitimacy of imperial power.

Compared with the emperors’fondness for Mount Tai,the emotional connection between Chinese celebrities and Mount Tai is closer.“Confucius ascended the eastern hill,and Lu appeared small.He ascended Mount Tai,and all beneath the heavens appeared small.” The marvelous connection between Confucius and Mount Tai has been popular among later generations of men of letters.Thus,influenced by the Confucian culture,following Confucius,the men of letters,gifted scholars and beautiful ladies of past ages also ascended the mountain to write poems and seek relief and pleasure,creating much-told stories.