英語“提問”20法

王振乾

對畫線部分提問是英語學(xué)習(xí)中的重點、難點，常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：“特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句？”或“特殊疑問詞 + 陳述句（用于對主語或主語的定語提問，there be結(jié)構(gòu)除外）？”。但提問不同的內(nèi)容，還應(yīng)采取不同的方法。

1. 對姓名提問，用what：

My name is David. →What’s your name？

2. 對年齡提問，用how old / what：

The boy is ten years old. →How old is the boy？

Mr Green is fifty years old. →What’s the age of Mr Green？

He became a teacher at the age of twenty. →At what age did he become a teacher？

3. 對身份提問，用who（對主語提問），whom（對賓語提問），whose（對定語提問）：

She is our English teacher. →Who is she？

I spoke to Zhang Hao just now. →Whom did you speak to just now？

The girl is Mr. Liu’s daughter. →Whose daughter is the girl？

注：對物的所屬關(guān)系（誰的……）提問，也用whose：

These are Jack’s trousers. →Whose trousers are these？

4. 對職業(yè)提問，用what：

Kate is a nurse. →What is Kate？ / What’s Kate’s job？ / What does Kate do？

5. 對身體狀況提問，用how：

Her sister is well / fine. →How is her sister？

6. 對物提問，用what：

There is a teapot on the tea table. →What’s on the tea table？

7. 對顏色提問，用what colour / what’s the colour of...：

He shirt is white. →What colour is his shirt？ / What’s the colour of his shirt？

8. 對具體時間（鐘點）提問，用what time / when;對其他時間（含時間狀語從句）提問，只能用when：

The students usually get up at half past five. →What time / When do the students get up usually？

I arrived in Japan on the morning of August 1. →When did you arrive in Japan？

They will have a holiday as soon as they finish the research work. →When will they have a holiday？

9. 對地點提問，用where：

He lives in Zhengzhou. →Where does he live？

10. 對日期提問（含節(jié)日），用what’s the date...：

It was Children’s Day yesterday. →What was the date yesterday？

It is October 1 today. →What’s the date today？

注：問句中的the date是主語，故it不可再用。另外，對生日提問，用what / when：

My birthday is on March 26， 1986. →What’s your birthday？ / When is your birthday？

11. 對星期提問，用what day：

It was Saturday the day before yesterday. →What day was it the day before yesterday？

12. 對數(shù)量提問，用how many（對可數(shù)名詞提問） / How much（對不可數(shù)名詞提問）：

There are more than 6000 students in his school. →How many students are there in his school？

The boss has a lot of money. →How much money does the boss have？ / How much money has the boss？

13. 對重量提問，用how much / how heavy：

She weighs 50 kilograms. →How much / How heavy does she weigh？

14. 對價格、金錢提問，用how much / what：

The camera is worth sixty pounds. →How much is the camera？ / How much does the camera cost？ / What is the camera worth？ / What’s the price of the camera？ / What price is the camera？

The house cost me 30， 000 dollars. →How much / What did the house cost you？

15. 對物體的長度或表示一段的時間狀語（通常是由for / since開頭的短語或since引導(dǎo)的從句）提問，用how long：

The Yellow River is 5464 km long. →How long is the Yellow River？

She has lived in this city for two years / since two years ago. →How long has she lived there？

They have learned English since they moved to Landon. →How long have they learned English？

16. 對表示多久以后的時間狀語（通常由in開頭）提問，用how soon：

She will get there in two hours. →How soon will she get there？

注：對“after + 時間點（用于將來時） / 時間段（用于過去時）”提問，應(yīng)用what time / when：

She will get there after two o’clock. →What time / When will she get there？

They left the hotel after three days / three days later. →When did they leave the hotel？

17. 對表示頻度的時間狀語（多久一次）提問，用how often：

They go to the cinema twice a month. →How often do they go to the cinema？

18. 對次數(shù)提問，用how many times：

I’ve been to America only once. →How many times have you been to America？

19. 對距離提問，用how far：

It is about twenty minutes’ walk from here to the factory. →How far is it from here to the factory？

20. 對高度提問，用how high / tall（多用于人或細(xì)長物體）：

She is 1.66 meter tall. →How tall is she？

The tower is 160 meters tall. →How tall is the tower？

The building is 68 storeys high. →How high is the building？

（作者單位：山東省膠州市瑞華實驗初級中學(xué)）