基于壓力增強的磁流變阻尼器中高頻阻尼性能研究

董小閔 晏茂森 于建強 李鑫 宋現宇 邢建偉

摘要：為減小磁流變阻尼器在微振幅中高頻激勵下磁控耗能能力降低帶來的影響，提出采用增加磁流變液初始壓強來增加工作壓強的方法以改善磁流變阻尼器在中高頻激勵下的磁控耗能能力.基于磁流變液的可壓縮特性，構建磁流變阻尼器的力學模型，分析中高頻時工作壓強對阻尼力的影響；設計加工了無補償裝置的單桿直線液體彈簧式磁流變阻尼器，通過實驗測試驗證力學模型的準確性.正弦激勵下的實驗結果表明：增加磁流變阻尼器工作壓強可以使阻尼曲線更飽滿，且工作壓強較高時，磁流變阻尼器耗能能力明顯優于工作壓強較低時磁流變阻尼器耗能能力；根據實驗結果發現：相比于初始壓強為標準大氣壓，當初始壓強為5 MPa時，阻尼增幅最大為31.3%，耗能增幅最大為78.5%；此外，增加工作壓強后工作區域磁場更容易飽和，等效剛度和等效阻尼系數都會隨著工作壓強的增加而上升.

關鍵詞：磁流變液；磁流變阻尼器；中高頻；壓力增強；可壓縮特性

中圖分類號：TH113.1文獻標志碼：A

Study on Medium and High Frequency Damping Performance of Magnetorheological Damper Based on Pressure Enhancement

DONG Xiaomin1，YAN Maosen1，YU Jiangqiang1，LI Xin1，SONG Xianyu1，XING Jianwei2

（1. School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering，Chongqing Univ.，Chongqing 400044，China；2. Beijing Institute of Space System Engineering，Beijing 100076，China）

Abstract：In order to reduce the effect of reduction of the magnetron energy dissipation capacity of the magnetorheological damper under a micro-amplitude，medium and high frequency excitation，this paper proposes a method to increase the working pressure by increasing the initial working pressure of the magnetorheological fluid in order to improve the magnetorheological damper energy dissipation capability under a medium and high frequency excitation. Based on compressible characteristics of magnetorheological fluids，a mechanical model of magnetorheological damper was constructed. The effect of working pressure on the damping force at medium and high frequency excitation was analyzed. A single rod linear liquid spring-type magnetorheological damper without a compensation device was designed and processed，and the accuracy of the mechanical model was verified through experimental tests. The experimental results under sinusoidal excitation showed that：increasing the working pressure of the magnetorheological damper can make the damping curve much fuller. When the working pressure is higher，the energy consumption capacity of the magnetorheological damper is significantly better than that of the magnetorheological damper when the working pressure is lower. According to the experimental results，it is also found that compared with the initial pressure of standard atmospheric pressure，when the initial pressure is 5 MPa，the maximum damping is increased up to 31.3%. The maximum increase in energy consumption is 78.5%. In addition，by increasing the working pressure，the magnetic field in the working area is more likely to saturate. The equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping coefficient are increased with the increase of the working pressure.

Key words：magnetorheological fluid；magnetorheological damper；medium and high frequency；pressuring enhancement；compressible characteristics

磁流變阻尼器憑借響應時間快，阻尼調節范圍大，能耗低等特點，在眾多領域中得到了研究與應用，如汽車懸架[1]、橋梁斜拉索[2]、建筑隔振[3-4]等.

近年來，磁流變阻尼器已應用于航空航天等中高頻領域的研究中[5-6].Janusz Goldasz等人[7]等人考慮磁流變阻尼器內部工作流體的可壓縮性、流動慣性等多種因素建立了中高頻激勵下……