布爾什維克制造廠

俄羅斯莫斯科

業主單位：01 Properties and the Tactics Groups

設計單位： 約翰·麥卡蘭建筑事務所

執行建筑師：Spectrum

項目管理： AB發展公司

照明設計：Gia Equation

立面/屋頂工程師：Buro Happold

建筑面積：55 000平方米

竣工年份： 2014年

項目攝影： Edmund Sumner ， Mikhail Rozanov

Client： 01 Properties and the Tactics Groups

Architects： John McAslan + Partners

Executive Architect： Spectrum

Project Management： AB Development

Lighting： Gia Equation

Facade/Roof Engineers： Buro Happold

Area： 55 000 m2

Year： 2014

Photographs： Edmund Sumner ， Mikhail Rozanov

布爾什維克制造廠是莫斯科眾多前蘇聯及后蘇聯工業遺產中最重要的項目之一。制造廠于1855年由Adolf Sioux建立，被譽為莫斯科第一個使用電燈 （1884年） 的建筑，位于莫斯科中心的場地上，周邊囊括了從十九世紀后期至今的一系列不同歷史和風格的建筑共17座。共計50 000平方米的重建成功地融合了工作、生活以及文化。

占地四公頃的布爾什維克制造廠位于列寧格勒大街，享有絕佳的位置。在2012年場地被收購之前，布爾什維克制造廠仍是一片廢墟，屋頂處于搖搖欲墜的狀態，十九世紀時建造的砌磚立面外墻也完全被破壞。法國建筑師Oscar Dio原先設計的重要元素有： 砌磚外墻、拱形天花板、金屬圓柱以及傾斜的屋頂，這些設計元素在重建中均被完整修復。作為城市內歷史性保護與可再利用的范例，該項目為莫斯科這個大都市增添了一分城市多樣感。原始元素與新設計流暢并感性地結合在一起，形成連貫自然的規模以及統一緊密聯系的材料組合。改造重建的每一步都經過與莫斯科歷史文化保護局的仔細斟酌與商討，并且被譽為實踐中最佳歷史文化保護項目的典范。

該項目包含了大小從300平方米至15 000平方米的 “閣樓風格”辦公空間。超高的天花板和巨大的窗戶提供了優良的自然光、通風以及景觀。布爾什維克制造廠現在已經是帶動了整個白俄羅斯區經濟發展的中心。

布爾什維克制造廠綜合體建筑不僅是一個高端住宅群組，同時也是莫斯科的新文化目的地——俄羅斯印象主義博物館是莫斯科第一個大型私立藝術博物館，博物館提供了超過1 000平方米的場地，有展覽空間、電影院、多媒體空間、兒童教育設施、咖啡館和零售店。展覽空間貫穿三層樓，一樓長期展出永久館藏，臨時展覽位于二、三樓。博物館延續了場地原有的圓形儲物筒倉，真實地折射出制造廠的歷史，并且定時主辦各地主要博物館的館藏及私人收藏的年展。

The Bolshevik Factory remains one of Moscow’s most significant examples of pre and post Soviet industrial heritage. Founded in 1855 by Adolf Sioux， the factory was the first building in Moscow to boast electric lighting （in 1884）. Located in the heart of Moscow， the site comprises seventeen buildings of varying ages and styles， including listed buildings dating from the late 19th century. The 50，000 sqm redevelopment is a successful fusion of working， living and cultural uses.

The 4 hectare site enjoys a prominent position on Leningradsky Prospect. When the site was acquired in 2012， the Bolshevik Factory was in a ruinous state， with collapsed roofs and the 19th-century brickwork facades seriously damaged. The key elements of the original design by French architect Oscar Dio - the original brick facades， arched ceilings， original metal columns and pitched roofs - have all been painstakingly restored. An examplar of adaptive reuse and historic conservation in the city， the scheme is an important addition to the civic diversity of this great capital city. The mix of restored and new build elements is sensitively and seamlessly combined to create a consistent sense of scale and a coherent palette of materials. Every aspect of the adaptation was carefully negotiated with the Moscow Historic Conservation Authorities and the project has been cited as an exemplar of best practice conservation.

The scheme includes ‘loft-style’ office space ranging in size from 300 to 15，000sqm - high ceilings and large windows provide excellent natural light， ventilation and views. The Bolshevik Factory is now a dynamic economic hub that has significantly enhanced the Belarusskaya district， with tenants including Leo Burnett， Publicis， Saatchi amp; Saatchi， Starcom MediaVest， Zenith Optimedia， and the VivaKi Media Exchange Group.

As well as a high-end residential component， the Bolshevik Factory complex also includes a new cultural destination for Moscow - The Museum of Russian Impressionism is the first major private art museum to open in Moscow and provides over 1，000 square meters of exhibition space， a cinema， a multimedia zone， educational facilities for children， a café and retail facilities. The exhibition space is arranged over three floors， with the permanent collection on the ground floor and temporary exhibits on the upper floors. The Museum is an adaption of an existing circular storage silo on the site， making it an authentic part of the Factory’s history and hosts annual exhibitions of works from leading museums and private collections.