獨(dú)立寒江初小青

飄舞的雪花讓我想起一幅攝影作品：初小青的《甌江冬色》。這幅畫(huà)的畫(huà)面十分簡(jiǎn)潔：冰雪覆蓋著山巖、河灘，一位身披蓑衣的船夫撐著舴艋船行進(jìn)在江雪之中，畫(huà)面在寒冷、孤單中透露著一種堅(jiān)毅。

這其實(shí)是一幅老照片，是著名攝影家初小青20多年前的代表作，它曾獲香港《攝影畫(huà)報(bào)》“四季福祿萊”攝影大賽冠軍。今天，回望初小青追求攝影藝術(shù)走過(guò)的年年歲歲，驀然覺(jué)得他仿佛就是那位身披蓑衣的船夫……

初小青祖籍山東，生于溫州，長(zhǎng)于麗水。年輕時(shí)在麗水文化部門從事攝影工作，因成績(jī)突出于1980年調(diào)入《浙江畫(huà)報(bào)》任攝影記者，這在當(dāng)時(shí)，是令每一個(gè)攝影人都十分羨慕的機(jī)遇。“在畫(huà)報(bào)社，拍了兩年之后，我感到拍不出東西了，那種挖空心思的拍攝讓我十分難受，于是擱下相機(jī)半年不拍一張照片。”初小青說(shuō)到這里露出一臉的無(wú)奈。1984年初小青終于作出叫常人難以理解的決定：放棄“天堂”杭州的工作和生活，回麗水老家去。一方面，他要去參與籌建《麗水報(bào)》，另一方面他要回到家鄉(xiāng)的真山真水中去。

前些日子，我來(lái)到初小青在麗水城郊白云山的家。令人吃驚的是，這是一座20世紀(jì)60年代建造的公房，外觀陳舊，設(shè)施簡(jiǎn)陋，周圍不少鄰居已陸續(xù)搬離，只剩下初小青等幾戶人家。從事攝影出版的葛衛(wèi)衛(wèi)說(shuō)：“20年了，就你的房子沒(méi)有變。”此話說(shuō)得也是，眼下很多攝影名人早已是“百萬(wàn)富翁”了，而上世紀(jì)80年代就出名的初小青，20年后還是住著老房子，家里也根本沒(méi)有什么像樣的家具，一臺(tái)電視機(jī)是花900元錢買的，空調(diào)之類的家用電器他還從沒(méi)使用過(guò)……20年里，初小青到底在干些什么呢?

1988年6月至1989年6月，初小青自駕車走遍中國(guó)除西藏以外的大陸全境，隨后出版畫(huà)冊(cè)《中國(guó)感受——一個(gè)攝影家的1988-1989》；

1991年至1992年，先后3次赴新疆創(chuàng)作；

1994年，貸款購(gòu)車赴西藏創(chuàng)作四個(gè)月；

1998年，再次赴西藏創(chuàng)作兩個(gè)月；

2001年，出版畫(huà)冊(cè)《享受陽(yáng)光》和《西藏風(fēng)光攝影名家指導(dǎo)》；

2003年，出版旅游畫(huà)冊(cè)《秀山麗水》；

2005年，出版畫(huà)冊(cè)《別夢(mèng)依稀——飄逝的江船》和《九寨歸來(lái)不看水》。

……

初小青可謂碩果累累，但攝影并沒(méi)有給他帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，反而使他變得愈加貧困。

1995年，初小青為了創(chuàng)造條件再赴西藏創(chuàng)作，在麗水開(kāi)設(shè)了一家圖片社，但由于經(jīng)營(yíng)不善陷入虧損，背了一身債務(wù)。從此，初小青再也不敢貿(mào)然投資，只靠微薄的稿費(fèi)勉強(qiáng)度日。

客觀地說(shuō)，以他的名氣，只要稍微削弱一點(diǎn)個(gè)性，生活決不會(huì)如此捉襟見(jiàn)肘。然而初小青說(shuō)：“我不想與眾不同，但不可以隨波逐流。”“我要的是思想的自由，自己的人生能照自己的意愿去生活。一輩子拍我想拍的東西，所以我的作品很少有做作的鏡頭。”

思想的自由，是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的靈魂。

畫(huà)冊(cè)《別夢(mèng)依稀——飄逝的江船》所選作品，均攝于20世紀(jì)最后30年的甌江。面對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的山水，初小青信手拈來(lái)，如清水出芙蓉，天然去雕飾，自然之中透出一股淡雅清新的畫(huà)意。尤其是1970年代的作品，那點(diǎn)點(diǎn)帆影、清清江水是再也無(wú)法重現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)幻。如今，很多攝影人慕名到麗水拍攝經(jīng)典的“甌江帆影”，只能是在水庫(kù)里借來(lái)幾條船，拉上用白大褂縫制的風(fēng)帆，擺拍一個(gè)畫(huà)面而已。其韻其味、其真其感，哪有“飄逝的江船”之酣。這本畫(huà)冊(cè)一面世，立即受到攝影界和當(dāng)?shù)乩习傩盏臒崤酰形焕先A僑一買就是10本，他要珍藏故鄉(xiāng)的記憶并送給親朋好友。

初小青出畫(huà)冊(cè)并不是為了經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，他說(shuō)，如果出暢銷書(shū)那是他的悲哀，他要出的是長(zhǎng)銷書(shū)，是發(fā)自自己內(nèi)心的東西。比如那本《九寨歸來(lái)不看水》，內(nèi)容很單一，每一幅作品都是九寨溝的水，只是初小青把九寨溝的水拍到了極致，拍出了九寨溝水的美妙靈魂。正如初小青自己所說(shuō)的：“我所做的一切，從拍攝到出畫(huà)冊(cè)，就是為了尋找生命的知音。”

作者簡(jiǎn)介：初小青，1953年4月5日生，祖籍山東萊陽(yáng)。1976年為浙江省麗水地區(qū)文化局?jǐn)z影干部，1980年攝影作品《影途遇敵》獲聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織“亞洲文化中心獎(jiǎng)”，1980年調(diào)浙江畫(huà)報(bào)社任攝影記者，1981年加入中國(guó)攝影家協(xié)會(huì)。主要生平事跡載入《中國(guó)攝影家辭典》等。先后出版《中國(guó)青年攝影家——初小青》、攝影畫(huà)冊(cè)《享受陽(yáng)光》《西藏風(fēng)光攝影名家指導(dǎo)》《秀山麗水》，《別夢(mèng)依稀——飄逝的江船》《九寨歸來(lái)不看水》。

Photographer's Pursuit

By Ji Yehai

Whenever I think of Chu Xiaoqing and his 20-odd-year photographic career， his prize-winning photograph taken 20 odd years ago comes to my mind: under a snow-covered cliff， a lonely boatman in a palm-leaf raincoat steered a small boat into a chilly river. The picture vividly expresses a sense of fortitude in coldness and loneliness. His life and career appear as if he were born to be lonely in nature.

Born in Wenzhou， Chu grew up in Lishui in southern Zhejiang Province. He was quite young when he began his photographic career. Thanks to his brilliant works， he was transferred to Hangzhou to be a photographer for Zhejiang Pictorial in 1980. His budding career looked very promising. However， he felt he was displaced after a while. He explained his situation: \"I was drying up gradually after two years\"work at the Pictorial. My inspiration vanished. I needed to rack my brain for taking a photograph. The way I was supposed to work made me anguish.?So he decided to give up the golden job. In 1984， he made a bold decision: he would give up his work and life in Hangzhou， a picturesque city known as paradise on earth， and go back to his hometown.

From June 1988 to June 1989， he traveled by bike across the country. His footprints were in all the places except Tibet. The result of the long trip was an album entitled A Photographer's 1988-1989: China Impressions.

In the 1990s， he took three trips to Xinjiang and two trips to Tibet and stayed there for a long time. In 2001， he published two albums. In 2003， he published an album on his hometown. In 2005， he published two more albums.

His fruitful career， however， has not made him rich. He still lives in a house built in the 1960s. It is widely believed that Chu Xiaoqing could be a millionaire photographer if he could bend his will a little. But the freelance photographer has a yearning for carefree liberty. He explains， hough I don't wish to be different， I hate to drift with the tide. What I want to have is a free spirit. I want to lead a life that suits me. I wish to photograph whatever I want. That's why my works are free of pretensions.A free spirit is the soul of artistic creation. Goodbye to River Boats， Chu's album published in 2005， contains photographs created in the last three decades of the 20th century. The Ou River in his hometown still maintained idyllic scenes in the 1970s. The sail boats on the limpid river during that time are no longer seen today. Nowadays， some photographers borrowed boats from a nearby reservoir and put on some white cloth as sail to recreate the scenery on the river. These staged works pale before Chu's real reflections of a past no longer found there. The album was very popular with local people.

Chu publishes albums not for profit. Aiming at being just a bestseller photographer would be his grief， he says. He wants timeless classics.

Nowadays， Chu no longer photographs for the sake of photography. Over the last 23 years， Chu has taken numerous trips to Baishanzu Mountain， the second highest mount in Zhejiang Province. In order to photograph the clouds in the mountain， he once camped in a tent on the mountain top for 15 days. He cooked with a solid fuel burner at the camp and fetched water from a stream at the mountainside. When solitude became unbearable， he sought two forest workers out and chatted with them. Nowadays， he goes to the mountain whenever he feels depressed， not for photographing anything， but for the sake of self-improvement. The brilliant photographer keeps aloof from world of restless change. Fame and fortune are not part of his career of photographing the nature.

(Translated by David)