２００６年度世界最有影響力女性排行榜

賈慶文／選譯

2006年9月1日美國最新一期《福布斯》公布了2006年“全球最有影響力女性”的排名，德國總理默克爾取代美國國務(wù)卿賴斯，成為全球最有影響力的女性。在公布的100名女性榜單上，中國國務(wù)院副總理吳儀、中國人民銀行副行長吳曉靈、海爾集團總裁楊綿綿也都位列榜上，分別居第3、第35和第70位。

※ Angela Merkel （Chancellor, Germany）

Tired of battling disgruntled government officials and voters, former German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder called for early elections last year. Big mistake. It bounced him out of his position and brought pro-market Merkel,the head of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party,to power. The first female chancellor in Germanys history, and the first woman to lead Germany since it became a nation-state in 1871,Merkel is a favorite of German business. From humble beginnings as a Lutheran pastors daughter in Hamburg,she graduated with a doctorate of physics from the University of Leipzig. Unassuming and diplomatically astute, Merkel was later named secretary-general of the Christian Democratic Union,Germanys largest conservative political party,after the Kohl government fell in 1998. Along with her pro-free-market reform agenda,Merkel advocates a strong German-American relationship,evidenced by her support of the proposals to bring Iran to the nuclear negotiating table. Merkel has been overhauling the governments health care system and cumbersome corporate tax policies. She has also put her strict budgetary imprint on the sprawling European Union budget debates. With her conciliatory powers, Merkel has managed to maintain impressive approval ratings both home and abroad.

※ Condoleezza Rice （Secretary of State US）

As his ratings collapse largely due to the progress of the Iraq war, U.S. President George W. Bush increasingly seeks counsel from one of his closest advisers,Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice,51. A pragmatist now quite familiar with the halls of power,Rice is Americas top diplomat and has demonstrated growing influence over U.S. foreign policy in Bushs second term,defending Bushs policies around the globe. A foreign policy realist who favors face-to-face negotiations,Rice made a surprise visit to Beirut in an attempt to hammer out a ceasefire agreement in the recent fighting in the Middle East, and she is working to defang Iran and North Korea,both intent on stepping up their nuclear programs. In fact, Rice is an inveterate globetrotter, racking up nearly a half million miles so far this year visiting dozens of countries, including Iraq and Afghanistan. Rices message is one of “transformational democracy”, a political philosophy she laid out in a speech at Georgetown Universitys School of Foreign Service in January. It states that the U.S. will “work with our many partners around the world to build and sustain democratic, well-governed states that will respond to the needs of their people.” Rice won rave reviews recently for her piano performance at Asian security talks in Kuala Lumpur. She has hinted that her next career move may be in music, rather than a rumored presidential run.

※ Indra Nooyi（Chief Executive-Designate,PepsiCo US）

Few people could handle either the presidential or the chief financial officer job at a company worth $100 billion. But not only has Nooyi held both offices since 2001,she was recently hand-picked to become Pepsis new chief executive,Nooyi has a string of career successes that helped her land the corner office at the food and beverage giant. She was the lead negotiator on Pepsis $13.8 billion purchase of Quaker Oats and worked on its acquisition of Tropicana, as well as the spin-offs of its restaurant and bottling businesses. Lately,Nooyi has had to contend with a Pepsi Challenge of another sort-allegations from a research organization in India that Pepsi soda is laced with pesticides,charges that were also leveled at Pepsicos rival Coca-Cola. (Indias health ministry recently said it found no evidence to back the claim.) Previously, Nooyi was an executive at Asea Brown Boveri,Motorola and Boston Consulting Group. Before emigrating to the U.S. from India in 1978,Nooyi was a product manager at Johnson & Johnson and Mettur Beardsell,a textile outfit,in India. Nooyi,who fronted an all-female rock band in college,is on the boards of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City.

◇ 安吉拉·默克爾德國總理

由于厭倦了同心懷不滿的官員和投票者的爭斗,前德國總理哈爾德·施羅德呼吁去年提前進行大選。這是個嚴重錯誤。這不僅使他失去了官職，而且還提前使默克爾，這位基督教民主黨人的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人獲得了總理職位。她成為德國歷史上的第一位女總理，而且是自德國1871年建國以來第一位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)德國的婦女。默克爾在德國商界中非常受人歡迎。作為漢堡路德教會一位地位卑微牧師的女兒，默克爾在萊比錫大學(xué)獲得了物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。科爾政府在1998年倒臺后，由于謙遜和外交上的機敏，默克爾被提名為基督教民主黨——德國最大的保守政黨的總書記。伴隨著她支持自由市場改革的議程，默克爾提倡強大的德美關(guān)系，提議把伊朗核問題提到談判桌面上來。默克爾還一直致力于修改德國的衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)和煩瑣的公司稅收政策。她還用她嚴格的預(yù)算影響并打破歐盟財政預(yù)算的僵局。由于她使用調(diào)和的權(quán)力，默克爾所做的一切在德國國內(nèi)外都給人們留下了深刻的印象。

◇ 康多莉扎·賴斯美國國務(wù)卿

因為美國總統(tǒng)布什的沉浮主要取決于伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭的進程，他愈加要在他最親密的顧問中尋求一位國務(wù)卿，她就是現(xiàn)年51歲的康多莉扎·賴斯。賴斯是一位實用主義者，如今已非常熟悉她的崗位職責(zé)，她是美國的最高外交官，在布什的第二個任期中已經(jīng)顯示出她日益增長的影響，她捍衛(wèi)了布什第二任期的全球外交政策。作為一位贊成面對面進行協(xié)商談判的外交政策現(xiàn)實主義者，賴斯突然造訪貝魯特，在最近硝煙四起的中東地區(qū)試圖使各方簽訂一份停火協(xié)議，她還努力去解決伊朗和朝鮮問題，這兩個國家都試圖去發(fā)展它們的核計劃。事實上，賴斯是一位資深的世界觀光旅行家，今年到目前為止她的行程幾乎達到50萬英里，訪問了幾十個國家，包括伊拉克和阿富汗。賴斯的演說詞是一種“轉(zhuǎn)換生成的民主政治”，這是她在一月份喬治敦大學(xué)外交學(xué)院的演講詞中展示出來的一種政治哲學(xué)。它表明美國將“與全世界的眾多伙伴去建立和維持民主、優(yōu)良管理的國家，將滿足其人民的需要。”在吉隆坡亞洲安全會晤中賴斯因她彈奏的鋼琴而獲得了人們的熱情贊揚。她暗示說她事業(yè)的下一步或許是在音樂方面，而不是謠傳的競選總統(tǒng)。

◇ 英德拉·努伊百事公司首席執(zhí)行官

很少有人能夠在資產(chǎn)達1000億美元的公司中處理好總裁和首席財政官員的工作。但不僅僅是因為百事自從2001年來擁有了兩個辦事處，努伊最近被精心選出來擔(dān)任百事公司的新任執(zhí)行總裁，她已經(jīng)取得了一系列成功，這幫助她在食品和飲料大公司中站穩(wěn)了腳跟。她是百事公司花費138億美元購買貴格飲料公司的首席談判代表，并致力于它獲得的熱帶產(chǎn)品飲料公司，還有下屬的飯店和瓶裝飲料公司。最近努伊已經(jīng)開始應(yīng)付百事公司另一類型的挑戰(zhàn)——在印度的一個研究機構(gòu)斷言百事公司的蘇打里面添加了殺蟲劑，控告中還包括與百事公司同一級別的競爭對手——可口可樂公司。（最近印度的衛(wèi)生部長說現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)支持這一控告的證據(jù)。）早先，努伊是ABB公司、摩托羅拉公司和波士頓咨詢集團公司的一位總裁。在1978年從印度移民到美國前，努伊在印度一家名叫約翰遜約翰遜和米特·比德賽爾的紡織公司中擔(dān)任產(chǎn)品經(jīng)銷經(jīng)理。努伊在大學(xué)中指揮著一個女搖滾樂隊，她還是紐約聯(lián)邦貯備銀行和紐約林肯中心表演藝術(shù)管理委員會成員。