時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)介詞“析”與“練”

時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)介詞或介詞短語由于其本身的用法繁多，給同學(xué)們在記憶和掌握其用法時(shí)帶來很多困難。如何解決這個(gè)難題呢?我們一起來看看如何理解并巧記時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)介詞的實(shí)例吧!

一、時(shí)間介詞／介詞短語

1.in，on，at

(1)常和in搭配的詞有：

years in 2005

months in July

seasons in(the)summer

morning in the morning

afternoon in the afternoon

evening in the evening

(2)常和on搭配的詞有：

days on Wednesday。on my birthday

(3)常和at搭配的詞有：

times at 8:00，at midday，at midnight night at night

2.during

用來表示一段時(shí)間。例如：

I didn’t feel nervous during the exam.

3.for，since

for指一段時(shí)間。例如：

I have lived here for six weeks.

since指的是“一個(gè)點(diǎn)”，這個(gè)“點(diǎn)”是指一段時(shí)間的開始。例如：

I have lived here since 1995.

4.in the end，at the end

in the end用來形容“最后的結(jié)果”。例如：

We waited for Tom for a long time，and in the end we left.

at the end指的是“在某件事情結(jié)束的一個(gè)點(diǎn)”。例如：

At the end of the film we all cried.

5.on time，in time

on time常指“在預(yù)定安排好的時(shí)間內(nèi)”。例如：

The plane took off on time.

in time常指“有足夠的時(shí)間來做某事”。例如：

We arrived in time to have a meal before the plane left

二、地點(diǎn)介詞

地點(diǎn)介詞告訴我們?nèi)嘶蛭锼幍奈恢谩Ｏ旅嫖覀儗⒌攸c(diǎn)介詞的用法列舉如下

1.in，inside

in There are some cups in that box.(強(qiáng)調(diào)某物被別的東西包含在內(nèi))

inside Luckily there was nobody inside the house.(強(qiáng)調(diào)包含的概念)

試比較：

Jimmy is in.(he’s at home)

Jimmy is out.(he’s not at home)

Jimmy is inside.(in the house，not out here in the garden)

什么樣的名詞可以和in搭配呢?下面就是常和in搭配的一些詞的范圍

a country My sister is in Canada at the moment.

a city Jean lives in London.

road He was walking in the road.not on the pavement.

mirror Linda could see her face in the mirror.

hole There is a hole in my shoe.

hand Amy has an apple in her hand.

country Paul and Mary live in the country，not in the city.

hospital Gindy is ill，and is in hospital.

2.on

通常用來形容在物體的表面。例如：

Don’t leave your bag on the floor.

常與on搭配的詞匯：

transport There were few passengers on the plane/bus/train.

chair She sat on the chair.

wall Let’s hang this picture on that wall.

left/right There’s a book shop on the left/right.

side There are some small houses on this side of the street.

3.at，in，to

at和in常用來形容一個(gè)人的位置。at常形容某個(gè)“點(diǎn)”或某個(gè)“地點(diǎn)”。in常與帶有墻壁的一個(gè)地方(比如說a building)搭配，in也常和cities或towns連用。它們的區(qū)別如：

we met at the airport.(泛指某個(gè)地方)

We met in the airport building(在某個(gè)building之內(nèi))

I’ll see you at the cinema.(泛指某個(gè)地點(diǎn))

I’ll see you in the cinema.(在某個(gè)building之內(nèi))

at和in也常與arrive搭配。例如：

They arrived in Beijing.(the city)

They arrived at Beijing Airport.(the place)

常與at構(gòu)成的搭配有：

He lived at 200m ain street.

There’s a cafe at the end of the street.

Do you sit at the front or at the back of the class?

She’s sitting at the table in the corner.

We’ll meet you at the entrance.

常與to構(gòu)成的搭配有：

Could you take this letter to the post office，please?

to也常和表示運(yùn)動的動詞連用。例如：

Last：night they went to the cinema.

巧記秘訣：I live at 400 Lincoln Avenue in Memphis，in Tennessee，in the United States.

4.above，over，below，under

above是指“高于……”。例如：

You can see the top of the tower abeve the trees.

over也是指“高于……”，但強(qiáng)調(diào)在同一個(gè)地點(diǎn)。例如：

A lamp hung over the table.

over也有“穿過”和“覆蓋”的意思。例如：

The road over the mountains is steep and dangerous.

She wore a large jacket over her sweater.

below意為“低于……”。例如：

From the mountain I could see the lake below.

under也有“低于……”的意思，但強(qiáng)調(diào)在同一個(gè)地點(diǎn)。例如：

I keep my handbag under my bed.

5.next to，near，by，beside，opposite

(1)nest to，near

nest to意為at me side of，意為“完全在……的邊上”。例如：

Barbie sits next to Paul.

near意為close to，意為“靠近”。例如：

Tony’s house is near to the spots centre.

(2)beside，by

beside意同near，但是beside可能比near更為正式一些。例如：

Come and sit beside me on the sofa.

by意同near，但常用在與“房間”相關(guān)的一些物品描述上。例如：

There was a table by the window.He was standing by the door.

(3)opposite

opposite意同on the other sicle of，意為“完全在某地的另一面，邊”。例如

There is a post office opposite our house.