巧用關鍵詞　妙解單選題

劉新會

近年來的英語高考試題更加注重考查考生在特定語言環境下綜合運用語言的能力，體現出綜合性、語境化的的特征。命題一般通過小對話、并列句或主從復合句等較復雜的句式，使題干變長，信息量加大，以保證語境的充分設置，加大試題的難度。此時，考生若能準確把握語境，找準題干所提供的關鍵信息（即“關鍵詞”），一些看似撲朔迷離的問題便能迎刃而解。下面，筆者就關鍵詞在單項選擇試題中的重要作用加以舉例分析，以期對同學們的學習有所幫助。

1. I still remember the house ____ Mother and I sat in that evening.

A. where B. in which C. 不填 D. in that

分析：題干中的“in”一詞可視為關鍵詞。時間狀語that evening前面不能加介詞，所以不能選A項。認真分析in在定語從句的成分可知：in的賓語應該是先行詞the house，故正確答案為C。

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ____ didnt help.

A. it B. she C. which D. he

分析：這里關鍵詞“but”連接的是并列句，說明句與句之間為并列關系，既然不存在從屬關系，就不可選擇關系詞，故排除C；it指代整個句子，常和并列連詞and/but等連用。答案為A。

3. Which do you enjoy ____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?

A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend

分析：題中的“which”一詞為關鍵詞。考生若忽略了疑問詞which就會誤選A項。顯然，enjoy的賓語是which(fishing or watching TV)，動詞不定式短語to spend your weekends作目的狀語，因此正確答案為B。

4. The price ____, but I doubt whether it will remain so.

A. went down B. will go down

C. has gone down D. was going down

分析：該題考查動詞的時態。由關鍵信息“remain so”（保持如此）可知“物價已經降了下來，只是今后怎樣還不知道”，所以應該用現在完成時。正確答案為C。

5. ____ and Ill get the work finished.

A. Have one more hour B. One more hour

C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour

分析：該題中的“and”為關鍵詞。若將題干中and刪除，選項C、D也可入選；若 have改為give則A項亦對。正確答案為B。One more hour and Ill get the work finished.相當于祈使句Give me one more hour and Ill get the work finished.

6. ——Are the new rules working?

——Yes. ____ books are stolen.

A. Few B. More C. Some D. None

分析：答語中的“Yes”一詞提供了關鍵信息（后面省去了they are），表明“新的規章制度正在實行”，因此排除B、C項；D項應使用“none+of”結構。正確答案為A。

7. ____ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once

every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

分析：標點符號在一個句子中是很不引人注意的，但它的作用有時卻相當大。該題干中的“，”可視為關鍵信息，正確答案為B。as引導非限制性定語從句。但如果把逗號改為that，則選A項，這時為that引導主語從句。

8. ____ some of the juice—perhaps youll like it.

A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried

分析：該題解題的關鍵信息為“—”，它的作用在此處相當于and(連接表示條件與結果的句子)。故正確答案為B。若忽視了破折號的作用，考生極易誤選A、C項。

9. Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days.

A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed

分析：題干中的fresh一詞可視為關鍵詞。后面能接形容詞的動詞只有系動詞，而系動詞一般不用進行時，也沒有被動語態，故A、C排除；而D項will have stayed為完成時，明顯不符合題意。答案為B。

10. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____ with each other.

A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled

C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled

分析：題中的never一詞為關鍵詞。否定詞提前要引起主謂部分倒裝，則A、B排除；而D項中的過去完成時明顯與上文時態不符。答案為C。

由此可見，做題時一定要仔細觀察、分析整個句子，找準關鍵信息，排除干擾因素，才能準確地找到解題的突破口。