Ｕｎｉｔｓ９－１０重點句型解析

付開強

一、重點句型解析

1. should表推測的用法

【課文原句】I should be home in about ten minutes.

【經典考例】

—When can I come for the phones? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

—They_______be ready by 12:00.

(NMET 1998)

A. can B. should C. might D. need

【考點解析】答案為B。should表推測，指有一定主觀根據的判斷，意為“估計；按理應當”；can表推測常用于否定句或疑問句中，表示“有時會；可能”；might表示沒有把握的推測，語氣較弱；need表“必須；需要”，不符合句意。

2. no matter ＋疑問詞引導的狀語從句

【課文原句】The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.

【經典考例】He tried his best to solve the problem, _______difficult it was. (2005重慶)

A. howeverB. no matter

C. whatever D. although

【考點解析】no matter這個詞組的意思是“不管”，“無論”，常用what，who，when，where等疑問詞連用，引導一個表示讓步的狀語從句，分別表示“不管何事、何人、何時、何地”等意思，可以和“疑問詞＋ever”相互換用。答案為A。 B項應在no matter后加how才對。

3. in case的用法

【課文原句】Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.

【經典考例】

1. John may phone tonight, I dont want to go out _______ he phones.（NMET 2000春招）

A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that

2. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some _______ .（NMET 2000）

A. at last B. in case C. once again D. in time

【考點解析】例1答案為C。in case可引起目的狀語從句，表示“以免；以防”，句意為“約翰今晚可能給我打電話，我不想出去以便接他的電話。”此外in case還可單獨使用，如例2，答案為B。at last意為“最后”，once again意為“再一次”，in time意為“及時”，只有in case符合句意“我認為我不需要錢但我將帶一些以防萬一。”

4. be used to句型結構

【課文原句】They are all used to their environment.

【經典考例】In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than_____. （2007 安徽）

A. that used to be B. it is used to

C. it was used to D. it used to be

【考點解析】答案為D。used to do sth意為“過去常常……”，表示過去經常發生的動作或存在的狀態，而現在不再這樣了，含有“今昔對比”的意味；句意“在我看來，21世紀的生活比過去的要容易多了。”be / become used to (doing) sth. 意為“習慣于做某事”，to為介詞，后接名詞或動詞的-ing形式；be used to do sth 意為“被用來做某事”，此結構中的used為動詞use的過去分詞形式。

5. either… or句型結構

【課文原句】The animal or plant has to either adapt to the change or find a new place.

【經典考例】_______ either he or you going with me when the play _______ here?

A. Is; is put on B. Is; is put up C. Are; is put on D. Are; put up

【考點解析】either… or…意為“或者……或者……”，“不是……就是……”，當連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞與最近的一個主語在人稱和數上保持一致。本題答案為A。

6. what引導的名詞性從句

【課文原句】If we find out more about what we should do, we can help Steven and others like him keeping animals and plants from becoming endangered.

【經典考例】

—What did your parents think about your decision?

—They always let me do _______I think I should.（NMET 2006）

A. when B. what C. how D. that

【考點解析】what引導名詞性從句，表示“……的事情”，在句中可充當主語、賓語或表語。句中的do后接一個名詞性從句做賓語，I should后省略了動詞do，故空白處應用what，此處的what相當于the thing that。答案為B。

二、長難句解析

1. You can move any side as many steps as you wish.

句中的as many steps as為同級比較，前一個as是副詞，后一個as是連詞，故形容詞、副詞應置于第一個as之后，如又有表示倍數的詞修飾則常置于第一個as之前。例如：

You can eatas much as you like.你想吃多少就吃多少。

Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.美國人現今每人蔬菜攝食量是1910年的兩倍多。

當表示金錢，距離，時間，重量，雨量等概念時，常用as much as結構。例如：

When he worked there, he could earn as much as 500 dollars a week. 當他在那里工作時，一周能掙到500美元。

2. … we may be able to take measures before it is too late, …

句中的before用作連詞，引導狀語從句，意為“在……之前；還沒來得及”。例如：

Three weeks went by before she realized her mistakes. 過了三周，她才意識到自己的錯誤。

before作連詞引導時間狀語從句，從句的時態通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時。其基本意思是“在……之前”，但是具體譯法視上下文而定。例如：

We do want to buy something now before prices go up. 在物價上漲之前我們的確想買點東西。

Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up before I could answer the phone.(NMET2000) 半夜里有人給我打電話,可是我還沒來得及接,電話就掛斷了。

He will die before he will tell them what they want to know. 他寧死也不說出他們想知道的事情。

3. We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.

句中的without和but for一樣引出的短語表示一個非真實的條件，相當于一個if引導的含有否定意義的條件句If there were no all the plants and animals around us。 故句中用了虛擬語氣，表示與現在事實相反的假設，例如：

A fish couldnt live long without water. = A fish couldnt live long if there were no water.沒有水魚就活不了多久。

I cant speak English without making mistakes.我一講英語就出錯。

有的語法學家稱這種句子為條件否定句，又因為這種句子表示“沒有……就不（沒有）”的意思，起著強調語氣的作用，所以也有的語法學家稱之為強調句。現在有不少老師稱之為雙重否定句是錯誤的。雙重否定的定義是兩個否定詞用來否定同一個意念或詞，表示說話者的躊躇不決，起著緩和語氣的作用，例如：

I said so not without any reason. 我這么說不是沒有任何理由的。

這種句子與兩個否定詞否定兩個意念的句子完全不同，不能混為一談。