高一Ｕｎｉｔｓ１７－１８重點單詞短語及句型解析

一、重點單詞

1. admire

【考綱釋義】 vt. 羨慕；欽佩

【備考實例】 Although receiving financial support from some developed countries is allowed， it is never ________.

A. sharedB. admired

C. encouragedD. helped

【考點解析】句意“盡管從一些發達國家獲取經濟援助是被允許的，但這種做法并不被人羨慕。”答案為B。

【知識拓展】 admiration n. 贊美 admirer n. 贊美者；崇拜者 admire sb. for sth 為某事羨慕某人admire to do sth. 喜歡做某事

2. regret

【考綱釋義】 n. vt. 遺憾；后悔

【備考實例】

— Robert is indeed a wise man.

— Oh， yes. How often I have regretted________his advice!

A. to takeB. taking

C. not to takeD. not taking

【考點解析】句意“——羅伯特真是一個聰明的人。——哦，是的。我經常后悔沒有采納他的建議！”regret既可接不定式，也可接動名詞。接不定式表示對將要做的事感到抱歉或遺憾;接動名詞表示對已發生的事感到后悔，regret not doing意為“后悔沒有做……”，答案為D。

【知識拓展】to one’s regret 使某人遺憾的是 regret to do 因要做某事而感到遺憾 regret doing 后悔做了某事 much to one’s regret 非常抱歉 regret to say 遺憾地說 hear with regret of 聽到……覺得遺憾

3. threaten

【考綱釋義】 v. 恐嚇；威脅

【備考實例】 The hijackers threatened________ one passenger every hour if their demands were not met.

A. killing B. to kill C. kill D. killed

【考點解析】句意“劫機者們揚言如果他們的要求得不到滿足每分鐘將殺死一名乘客。”答案為B。threaten to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“揚言做某事，恐嚇要做某事”。

【知識拓展】 threat n. 威脅；恐嚇 a threat to 對……造成威脅的人（物） under threat of 受到……的威脅threaten sb. with sth. 以……相威脅 threaten to do sth. 揚言去做某事

4. bother

【考綱釋義】 v. 煩擾；打擾

【備考實例】 I’m very sorry to have________ you with so many questions on such an occasion.

A. impressed B. botheredC. taken D. asked

【考點解析】句意“對不起在這樣的場合問了這么多問題給你添了麻煩。”答案為B。bother sb. with sth. 意為“拿……給某人添麻煩”。

【知識拓展】 bother sb. with拿……來煩某人bother about / with sth. 為某事煩惱 bother to do sth. 麻煩去做某事；特意做某事

5. promise

【考綱釋義】 n. 諾言；許諾 v. 答應；保證；預示

【備考實例】

— Dad， you said you would buy me a new bicycle several days ago.

— Yes， I’ll keep my ________ if you do better in your exam.

A. ideaB. reality

C. promiseD. fact

【考點解析】句意“‘爸爸，你幾天前說過將給我買一輛新自行車。’‘是的，如果你考得更好我將信守諾言。’”答案為C。keep one’s promise意為“遵守諾言”。

【知識拓展】 make a promise 許諾 keep / hold one’s promise 遵守諾言 break one’s promise 違背諾言 promise to do sth. 答應去做某事；承諾去做某事 promise sb. sth. 答應給某人某物 promise sb. that…向某人保證；答應

6. bear

【考綱釋義】 vt. 忍受；承受

【備考實例】

— Mum， it’s nice weather. I want to skate this afternoon.

— Don’t you think the ice on the lake is too thin to _______ your weight?

A. stand B. bearC. catch D. take

【考點解析】 答案為B。stand表“忍受；忍耐”，與語境不符。Bear可表示“承受；負載”，符合句意“湖上的冰太薄了，承受不了你的重量。”

【知識拓展】 can’t bear doing / to do 無法忍受做某事 can’t bear sb. to do sth. 無法忍受某人去做某事 more than sb. can bear 是某人無法忍受的

7. beyond

【考綱釋義】 prep. （位置）在……的那邊；（范圍，限度等）超出；（時間）遲于

【備考實例】

1. I am sorry it’s _______ my power to make a final decision on the project.

A. overB. aboveC. beyond D. off

2. Sorry， Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _______ the visiting hours.

A. during B. atC. beyond D. before

【考點解析】 例1句意“對不起，我無權對這個項目做出最后的決定。”答案為C。beyond意為“超出……范圍”。例2答案為C，beyond表示“（時間）超出；遲于”，句意“對不起，夫人。你最好明天來，因為已經過了探訪時間。”

【知識拓展】 beyond ones’ power / ability 超出某人的權利 / 能力 beyond the sea 在海外 beyond praise / expression 無法贊揚 / 表達

8. memory

【考綱釋義】 n. 記憶；回憶

【備考實例】 No matter what you do， you should put your _______ into it.

A. memoryB. mind

C. brainD. heart

【考點解析】句意“無論你做什么，你都應該全身心投入。”答案為D。put one’s heart into 意為“全神貫注于……之中”。

【知識拓展】 from memory 憑記憶in memory of 為紀念…… lose memory 喪失記憶 short memory 健忘 come to one’s memory 想起， 清醒過來 bring back（call）to memory 使想起 have / keep in memory 記著， 沒有忘記

二、重點短語

1. be around the corner 在拐角處，不遠；就在眼前

The bank is just around the corner. 銀行就在拐角附近。

The fortune teller told Mary that there was an adventure for her just around the corner. 那個算命的跟她說她馬上就要有麻煩。

2. die down 變弱：逐漸停止；漸漸消失

Open the air hole; the fire is dying down. 把氣孔打開，火要熄了。

After the excitement of the audience died down， the speaker restarted his speech. 等聽眾激動的情緒平息后，演講人又繼續演講。

【知識拓展】 die out 滅絕 die away 逐漸停止；逐漸消失 die off 相繼死去

3. take up開始花時間做……；對……產生興趣；占用（時間或空間）

John took up acting while he was at college. 約翰在上大學時喜歡上演戲。

The job took up most of Sunday. 這項工作占用了大半個星期天的時間。

These boxes of yours are taking up too much space. 你的這些箱子占去了太多的地方。

【知識拓展】take away拿走 take down記下，寫下 take...for把……認為是，把……看成是 take in 接受，吸收；理解，領會；欺騙

take off脫下；起飛；匆匆離開 take on開始雇用；呈現；承擔，從事 take over接受，接管；借用，承襲

4. come to terms 達成協議；妥協；讓步

Diana came to terms with the fact that she lost the game. 黛安娜接受了比賽失敗的事實。

【知識拓展】 on good / bad terms with sb 與某人關系好（壞） on equal terms 以平等的地位 in terms of… / in … terms 至于；關于；從……觀點來看 in real terms 實際上

5. in relation to 關于；和……有關

How do we live in relation to each other? 我們彼此之間存在著怎么樣的關系？

Please don’t mention a word in relation to the house problem. 關于房子的問題，請一個字都不要提起。

6. take possession of 占領；奪取

We’ve bought the house， but we can’t take possession (of it) before July. 我們買了那棟房子，但在七月之前還無法持有。

You can’t take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.所有的文件簽字以后你才能擁有這座房子。

【知識拓展】in one’s possession (=in the possession of sb.) (某物)為某人所占有

in possession of sth. 占有某物 come into the possession of sb.(=come into one’s possession) 被某人占有；落入某人手中

7. make up 組成；編造；化妝

Farm workers make up only a small section of the population. 農民工只占人口的一小部分。

She took over 30 minutes to make herself up. 她花了30多分鐘來化妝。

【知識拓展】make for走向，朝……前進；有助于，促進 make out辨認出，看出；理解，了解 be made up of 由……組成

8. refer to 提到；參考；查閱；針對；提交（某人或某機關）作決定（處理）

If you have any problems， refer to the guidebook. 如果你有問題，請參閱旅游指南。

The scientists refer to the discovery as the most exciting development in this field. 這位科學家提到這一發現時，說它是這個領域中最令人興奮的新發展。

三、重點句型解析

1. as it is結構

【課文原句】It has often been said that life is difficult as it is.

【經典考例】 The wall looks a bit dull and ugly _______. What can we do to make it more beautiful?

A. which it isB. so it is

C. as it isD. what it is

【考點解析】as it is意為“根據現在情況看；就以現在樣子”，答案為C。句意“照目前這個樣子，這面墻有點單調難看。“

2. 倍數的表達法

【課文原句】 For women it sometimes seems twice as difficult.

【經典考例】 1. I like this jacket better than that one， but it costs almost three times________. (2008 浙江)

A. as muchB. as many

C. so muchD. so many

2. Ten years ago the population of our village was_______that of theirs. (2008陜西)

A. as twice large as B. twice as large as

C. twice as much as D. as twice much as

【考點解析】在英語中表達倍數時，可用下列幾種句型：1） A + be + 倍數 + as + 計量形容詞原級 + as + B；2） A + be + 倍數 + 計量形容詞比較級 + than + B； 3） A + be + 倍數 + the + 計量名詞 + of + B 。 例1答案為A. as much其后省略了as that one，如果上文已經提到A是與B相比較，也就是說上文已經提到了與A相比較的對象，那么兩者在比較時可以將第二個as和比較對象B省略掉。例2答案為B因為英語的population與large， small搭配而不是像中文那樣與多、少搭配。

3. 狀語從句的省略

【課文原句】 When asked if she regretted not saving her son， she said she made the choice without regret.

【經典考例】When first _______ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.（NMET 2004全國２）

A. introducing B. Introduced

C. introduce D. being introduced

【考點解析】在以when， while， if， as if， though (although)， as， whether， once等連詞引導的時間、原因、條件、方式、讓步等狀語從句中，常常省略相同的主語或作主語的代詞it以及be動詞，保留現在分詞、過去分詞、介詞短語、不定式等。本題答案為B。

4. “with+賓語+賓補”結構

【課文原句】New Zealand is an important agricultural country， with cattle farming on the North Island， while the hilly South Island has more sheep farms.

【經典考例】

1. _______ production up by 60%， the company has had another excellent year. （NMET 2000）

A. As B. For C. With D. Through

2. With all the trees _______， water with a lot of soil rushed into the villages in the storm.

A. to destroy B. destroyed

C. having destroyed D. being destroyed 【考點解析】“with+賓語+賓補”結構，賓補除了是介詞短語外，還可以是形容詞、名詞、不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞等。例1答案為C。production之后為up，它是一個副詞，for不能位于句首且常引導原因狀語從句，A、D不適合于“介詞+賓語+副詞“作賓補這一結構。

例2答案為B，“with＋賓語＋賓補”復合結構中，因賓語trees與作賓補的動作destroy存在被動關系，B、D表被動，B為過去分詞表完成，即“已經被毀壞”，D為動詞-ing形式的被動結構，意“正在被毀壞”，故B對，意為“因為所有的樹被毀掉了”。

5. “介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句

【課文原句】The North Island is famous for an area of hot springs， some of which throw hot water high into the air.

【經典考例】 The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months，_______

the sailing time was 226 days.

A of which B during which

C from which D for which

【考點解析】答案為A。在“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，介詞常根據以下規則來確定：a. 依從句中的動詞，形容詞，名詞與介詞的固定搭配而定；b. 依先行詞與從句中動詞的關系及所表達的含義而定。此外，在由“單個介詞+關系代詞(which， whose)+名詞”結構中，介詞要依介詞與關系代詞后的名詞的搭配習慣而定，如：Our English teacher， with whose help we have made great progress in English， has completed thirty years of teaching. 注意含有介詞的短語動詞一般不能拆開，如look after， be made of， take part in， look forward to等。

6. “be of ＋名詞”結構

【課文原句】 New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.

【經典考例】 You will find this map of great _______ in helping you to get round London. （NMET 1998）

A. price B. cost

C. value D. usefulness

【考點解析】“be of +名詞”意為“具有……”，其中的名詞多為抽象名詞，如：help，use，importance，value等，此時相當于其中名詞所對應的形容詞的意思；也可為具體名詞，如：age，weight，height，length，width，size等，一般用來表示人或事物的性質或特征，此短語在句中作表語，定語或賓語補足語。☆