定語從句的易錯點

【易錯點一】因為先行詞不明而出錯

1. 先行詞與引導詞形式上不一致，是導致學生出錯的一個主要原因。如表時間的先行詞不一定用when，表地點的先行詞不一定用where，表原因的先行詞不一定用why /for which等。

① Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained B. what he explained

C. how he explained D. why he explained

② This is just the place ________ I am longing to visit these years.

A. that B. where

C. in which D. to which

句①中reason作explain的賓語，可以省略引導詞，所以選A，對原因進行解釋的內容在句子后面for his carelessness in his work。句②中place作賓語從句的賓語，所以選A。

2.因為句子中有插入語或先行詞另有限定語等搞不清楚先行詞而出錯。

① He often helps the students ________he thinks are not quick at their studies.

A. whom B. who C. when D. because

② She is one of the girls who________passed the exam.She is the only one of the girls who_________passed the exam.

A. was B. were C. has D. have

句①中he thinks 作插入語，先行詞是students，定語從句中缺少主語，所以B正確。

句②中第一句中的who指代girls，是復數；而第二句中的who 則指代the only one，所以是單數，所以正確答案分別為D，C。

3.有些先行詞從字面上看不出是關于時間的還是關于地點的。

① I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A. how B. which C. where D. that

② We’re just trying to reach a point_______both sides will sit down together and talk.

A. where B. that C. when D. which

句中的business和 point雖然看起來不是表示地點的，但從意思“在這個行業里/在這種程度下”來看，還應該用where引導。

4.分隔式定語從句因為結構復雜影響到先行詞的正確選擇。

① The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in far away village.

A. until B. thatC. when D. where

② This is the best book on the subject _____has appeared this year.

A. in which B. where C. that D.when

句①中hours為先行詞，因為定語從句太長所以放到補語后面，正確答案為B。句②中book為先行詞，on the subject為book的定語。正確答案為C。

【易錯點二】與其它從句混淆而出錯

1.與what從句混淆而出錯。

① Loulan city is not at all ________ a traveler who has never seen the desert before can expect.

A. what B. that C. which D. where

② Mr. Smith was so angry at all ________Bill was doing ________ he walked out angrily.

A. that， what B. that， that

C. which， which D. what， that

句①中not at all是“一點也不”的意思。正確答案為A。what引導的是表語從句，what作expect的賓語。句②中be angry at為固定短語，all為先行詞，后接定語從句；all是不定代詞，關系代詞應該選that，第二空中的that是so … that… 結構，正確答案為B。

2. 與強調句型混淆而出錯:

① Was it in this hospital ________ she lived for ten years ________ she was trained to be a real nurse?

A. that， which B. which， that

C. where， that D. that， where

② — I can’t find Mr. Brown. Where did you meet him this morning?

— It was in the hotel________ he stayed.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

句①是強調句中插入定語從句where she lived for years，正確答案為C。句②依然是強調句中插入定語從句，不過省略了強調句中的that I met him this morning 部分，正確答案為C。

3. 與同位語混淆而出錯:

① He expressed his hope________he would visit China again the next year， and this was the very hope ________ he expressed as soon as he arrived in the country.

A. that， that B. which， which

C. that， which D. which， that

② — It’s thirty years since we last met.

— But I still remember the story， believe it or not， ________ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

句①中第一個hope后接的是同位語從句，從句中不缺任何成分，第二個hope在定語從句中當賓語，正確答案為A。句②中story后接的是同位語從句，正確答案為B。That引導的定語從句與同位語從句的主要區別在于:that在定語從句中既做引導詞，又要充當句子成分;而在同位語從句中只引導句子，不在從句中充當成分.

【易錯點三】 因為一些固定結構沒有掌握好而出錯

① I don’t like the way ________ you speak to her.

A. / B. in that C. which D. of which

② We should read such books ________ will make us better and wiser.

A. which B. as C. whose D. what

句①中當the way作先行詞時，引導詞可以用that，in which，也可省略引導詞，正確答案為A。句②正確答案為B，當先行詞受到such， the same 修飾時，引導詞多用as.

【易錯點四】 在“介詞+引導詞”定語從句中，看不出從句中短語搭配而選錯介詞。

① In the dark street there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.

A. that B. who

C. from whom D. to whom

② American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________ they can talk frequently.

A. who B. as

C. about which D. with whom

句①考查短語turn to sb for help“求助于某人”。句②考查talk with sb“同某人談話”。正確答案均為D。

【易錯點五】 as引導的非限制性定語從句容易與主語從句或which引導的定語從句混淆而出錯。

① As is well-known， the earth is round.（定語從句）

② It is well-known that the earth is round.（主語從句）

③ John is absent， ________is often the case.

A. whatB. that C. who D. as

當從句的謂語動詞是be announced / expected / known / imagined / pointed out / said / reported / shown等被動式，或usually happen， be often the case等表示主句的習慣性或司空見慣的意思時，常用as，且as可放在句首，而which則不能，如①； As還可用于類似插入語的句式中，而which則不可，如：as is said above， as is known all， as it is等。句③正確答案為D。

【鞏固練習】

1. Is this museum __D__ they visited last month?

Is this the museum __A/C__ they visited last month?

A. that B. where C. which D. the one

2. The girl got herself into a serious situation________ she was likely to lose control over the motorbike.

A. where B. which C. while D. why

3. I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together.

A. when， which B. which， when C. what， that D. on which， when

4. You must show my wife the same respect________you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

5. Because of the traffic jam ________ I was caught， I was late for the meeting.

A. by whichB. in which

C. that D. where

6. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems， ________ having water is not the least.

A. for which B. to which

C. of whichD. in which

7. Nest winter ________ you’ll spend in Harbin， I’m sure， will be another exciting holiday.

A. which B. when

C. in which D. while

8. In an hour， we can travel to places ______would have taken our ancestors days to reach.

A. where B. when C. which D. what

9. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was she had run back in the direction________she had come.

A. of whichB. by which

C. in whichD. from which

10. This is the woman ________musician said was regarded as the best pianist in the country.

A. who B. whom C. whose D. which

Keys: 1. D， A/C 2-5 AABB

6-10 CBCDA☆