文化漫步等

良好的餐桌禮儀(二)

在西餐桌上，有很多細(xì)節(jié)需要注意，如:不要取食右手邊的食物，它是傳給你右座的客人的;多次取用食物時(shí)，要把盤子連同叉子一起遞給女主人;吃沙拉時(shí)，要用右手拿叉子，等等。

(6) Helping yourself and saying no:

If someone passes food around， he will put the dish at your left hand side. It is easy for you to help yourself with your right hand. Never take food when the dish is on your right side. It is for your neighbor(鄰居)on the right. It is polite(禮貌的)to take a little of everything passed on to you. But if you don’t like the food， you can say politely， “No， thank you.”

(7)A second helping:

The hostess may ask if you would like a second helping. If you want some more， you should pass your plant on to her with your knife and fork(叉子)on it.

(8) The salad(沙拉)course:

You should eat with a fork. You can only hold the fork with your right hand. There is usually a special(特別的)fork for salad. It is a little smaller than the meat fork. (To be continued)

輕松閱讀

超酷婚車

Look at the bridegroom and the bride in the picture. They are form Russia. The bridegroom used an armored vehicle as their wedding car. “I think our wedding car should be different from others， so we can remember it forever.” the bridegroom said.

會(huì)吹薩克斯的海象

Look at the sea lion in the picture. Its name is Sarah. It can play the saxhorn. Many people come to see it. They think it is very clever. Do you think so?

企鵝游行

Look at the picture! A group of penguins are parading in a park. They are so cute and funny. Many people are following them. All of them are very happy!

笑話

樹之趣談

——Why do you plant a board and nails(木板和釘子) on Tree Planting Day(植樹節(jié))?

——I’m trying to grow a tree house(樹屋)!

——What is your favorite type of tree?

——A pastry tree(糕點(diǎn)樹)!

去警察局參觀

Little Johnny’s class go to visit the police station. There they see pictures of the wanted criminals. Little Johnny points to a picture and asks a policeman， “Why didn’t you catch him when you took this picture of him?”

它在電話本上

Peter: I’d like to call you. What’s your phone number?

Alice: It’s in the phone book.

Peter: Oh， but I don’t know your name.

Alice: It’s in the phone book， too.

我想要一只小狗

Anna’s mother will give birth to a baby soon. She is very happy and asks Anna， “Anna， do you want a brother or sister?” Anna thinks for a long time and answers， “Mom， I only want a puppy.”

語法運(yùn)用

過去完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。它是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，只有在和過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才會(huì)用到。過去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)是“had+過去分詞”。它的否定句是在had后邊加not，變一般疑問句是把had提前。它通常和before， by the end of 等引導(dǎo)的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。另外， 復(fù)合句的主句為一般過去時(shí)， 賓語從句表達(dá)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句也要用過去完成時(shí)。

做題時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤如下:

一、had形式易寫錯(cuò)

例:He hads (have) gone home when I got to his office.

答案:had

解析:have/has 的過去式都為had， had在過去完成時(shí)中也是助動(dòng)詞， 無第三人稱單數(shù)的變化。

二、易與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)弄混

例:He asked what I have (have) said.

答案:had

解析:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，而過去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過去的影響或結(jié)果。

三、易與一般過去時(shí)弄混

例:She lived (live) in New York for eight years before he came to China.

答案:had lived

解析:過去完成時(shí)主要體現(xiàn)過去發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作先后有別，即比過去發(fā)生的某動(dòng)作還要“過去”，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中先發(fā)生的用過去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的則只用一般過去時(shí)。

專題練習(xí)

一、 單選

1. When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.

A.has; been sentB.had; sentC.has; sentD.had; been sent

2. We ____five English songs by the end of last term.

A.had learnedB.learned C.have learnedD.will have learned

3. Han Mei told me she _____lunch， so she was very hungry.

A.has hadB.hasn’t haveC.have hadD.hadn’t had

4. By the end of 1976， many buildings _____built in the city.

A.have beenB.haveC.had beenD.will

5. She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.

A.has left; comes B.had left; would come

C.had left; cameD.left; had come

答案:1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C

二、 填空

1. When I returned home， he _____ (leave).

2. By ten yesterday evening， she ________(finish)writing.

3. He ______ (study) English for five years before he came here.

4. It _________ (stop) raining when I wake up this morning.

5. I _____ (not read) the book because I had read it before.

答案:1.had left 2.had finished 3.had studied 4.had stopped 5.didn't read

(以上由肖燕玲供稿)