陳潔文 康俊民
本冊教材我們學習了一些重要語法,為了幫助同學們復習,下面將作簡要歸納:
一、一般現在時
一般現在時表示現在習慣性的動作或存在的狀態。其構成為:主語+動詞原形+其它成分;當主語為第三人稱單數時,謂語動詞后面一般要加-s或-es。例如:
He often goes to see his grandmother. 他經常去看望他的祖母。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球圍繞太陽轉。
【中考鏈接1】 Mid-Autumn Day usually ________ in September or October every year. (2008北京朝陽區)
A. come B. comes
C. is coming D. will come
二、現在進行時
現在進行時用來表示說話時正在進行的動作或用來描述一個頻繁發生的動作。其構成為:主語+be+動詞-ing+其它成分。例如:
She is making dumplings now. 她正在包餃子。
My wife is always criticizing me. 我妻子總是指責我。
【中考鏈接2】 —Cindy, dinner is ready. Wheres John? —He _________ his homework in his room. (2008浙江溫州)
A. does B. did C. is doing D. will do
三、現在完成時
現在完成時表示一個動作已經完成,但它所產生的結果對目前仍有影響,它也可表示一個動作發生在過去,但一直延續到現在。其構成為:主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞+其它成分。例如:
Mary has been ill for a week. 瑪麗已經病了一個星期了。
I have finished my homework. 我已經完成了作業。
【中考鏈接3】 —Hello! Can I speak to Alice? —Sorry. She isnt here right now. She ________to the shop. (2008北京)
A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going
四、被動語態
被動語態的基本結構為:be+過去分詞。以下是幾種主要時態的主動語態和被動語態結構的區別(以do為例):

【中考鏈接4】 —Whos the little baby in the photo, Susan?
—Its me. This photo _________ ten years ago. (2008 北京)
A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken
【中考鏈接5】 —Some of the plastic bags cant _________ after June 1.
—Yes, people will use environmental bags instead. (2008 湖北咸寧)
A. use B. be use C. be used D. are used
【中考鏈接6】 —Look at the sign on the right. —Oh, parking _________ here. (2008 河南)
A. doesnt allow B. isnt allowed C. didnt allow D. wasnt allowed
五、used to+動詞原形
“used to+動詞原形”常用于指過去的習慣、過去經常發生或反復發生的動作,現在不做了,這種句式只用于過去時態;used to還可以指過去的存在狀態,現在已不存在了。
其否定和疑問形式有兩種:didnt use to或used not to;Did ... use to?或Used ... to ...?例如:
I used to ride a bike to school. 我過去常騎車去學校。(而現在不騎車上學了)
Our company used to do business with theirs. 我們公司過去和他們的公司常有業務往來。(而現在沒有了) 【中考鏈接7】 She used to __________ with her parents, but now she is used to _________ with her classmates at school. (2008 山東泰州)
A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living D. living; live
Keys: 1~5 BCCDC 6~7 BA