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《簡愛》選讀蔣文娟

2010-12-31 00:00:00
中學生百科·大語文 2010年12期

原著導(dǎo)讀

Jane Eyre was written by Charlotte Bronte (夏洛特·勃朗特) in the 1840s. It is the story of a young woman who becomes a governess. Governesses were poor young women who lived in wealthy families’ houses and educated the children of the family. The story is set in the 1830s, in the north of England. The following story happened at the beginning of Jane Eyre’s coming to Thornfield.

It was a hot day in June and I was walking in the garden when Mr. Rochester came up to me. He asked me if I liked living in Thornfield Hall. When I said yes, he smiled and said,

“Will you marry me, Jane?”

“If you love me, I will marry you,” I replied. Mr. Rochester told me that he did.

In July, two days before the wedding Mr. Rochester went away for the night. I went to bed early and gazed at my wedding dress and veil before falling asleep. I did not sleep well.

When Mr. Rochester returned I told him about a strange dream I had had. In it I saw Thornfield Hall burned to the ground. Then I saw a tall woman with long black hair standing in my room. She held my wedding veil in her hands and was looking at herself in the mirror. Then she tore the veil into the pieces. Finally she laughed and went away. Mr. Rochester told me it was all a bad dream but I showed him the torn veil.

The next day we went to the church to get married. As the vicar began the ceremony a man sitting at the back of the church called out:

“These two people cannot get married.” I looked around and saw Mr. Mason. He spoke again,“Mr. Rochester already has a wife. Her name is Bertha Mason. She is my sister and she lives at Thornfield Hall.”

Mr. Rochester was silent for a while and then spoke.

“It is true. I did get married to Bertha when I was in the West Indies. She is mad. Come back to the Hall and see the mad woman.”

Having returned to the Hall, we climbed to the top of the house. Mr. Rochester opened a door and I saw Grace Poole sitting in the room. Also there was a large woman with long black hair. She was the woman I had seen in my bedroom. The mad woman screamed and ran at Mr. Rochester but he held her arms tight.

“There is my wife. There is Mrs. Rochester,” he said angrily.

I left Thornfield Hall. I moved to a quiet village and taught in the local school. A year passed. Then, one day when I was walking on the moor I heard a voice in my head saying, “Jane. Jane.” It was Mr. Rochester’s voice. I had to see him again.

Reaching Thornfield Hall I saw that it had no roof. It had been burned to the ground. No one was there. In Millcote village I heard the story. One night the mad woman had set fire to her room. Mr. Rochester had tried to save her but she had died in the fire. He was badly injured and was now blind. “I must see him,” I said to myself.

I took a carriage to a small house where I found Mr. Rochester sitting alone by the fire.

“I know that is you, Jane. Why have you come to see me?” he said.

“Because I love you,” I replied. “I have always loved you. Now I will be your wife.”

Mr. Rochester and I got married. His sight is improving and we will soon have a child.

注:本文為根據(jù)原著內(nèi)容改編簡寫。

閱讀思考

1. What happened to Mrs. Rochester at last?

2. Who prevented Jane from marrying Mr. Rochester?

原著簡介

簡·愛的父親是個窮牧師,當她還在幼年時,父母就染病雙雙去世。簡·愛被送到了舅母里德太太家撫養(yǎng),里德先生臨死前曾囑咐妻子好好照顧簡·愛。簡·愛在里德太太家的地位,連侍女都不如,受盡了表兄弟表姊妹的欺侮。她再也不想待在里德太太家了,里德太太就把她送進達羅沃德孤兒院 (Lowood School)。孤兒院院長是個冷酷的偽君子,他用種種辦法從精神和肉體上摧殘孤兒。簡與孤兒海倫結(jié)成好友,然而,孤兒院里一場傳染性的傷寒奪走了許多孤兒的生命,海倫就在這場傷寒中死去,這對簡·愛打擊很大。

簡畢業(yè)后留校當了兩年教師,她受不了那里的孤寂、冷漠,登廣告找到了一個家庭教師的工作,于是她來到了桑費爾德莊園(Thornfield)。貧困出身的少女簡·愛得到一個機會離開孤兒院來到神秘古堡,本來以為可以重享人間溫情,不料男主人愛德華·羅切斯特(Rochester)性格陰郁而又喜怒無常,行事神秘,令她的感情飽受折磨。當?shù)弥獝鄣氯A有妻子時,簡·愛黯然離開古堡。但在她驚聞古堡失火燒毀,而她所愛的堡主已變成瞎子之后,又忍不住重投愛德華的懷抱。

語法指津

1. I was walking in the garden when Mr. Rochester came up to me.

● 本題中含有一個常用結(jié)構(gòu)be doing...when...,意為:正在做某事……這時……

I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel when I heard the steps.

我剛剛走出浴室,正在忙著用毛巾把自己擦干,這時我聽到了腳步聲。

I was walking along the road when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.

我正在馬路上走著,這時忽然有一個人從后面拍拍我的肩膀。

相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)還有:

● be about to do sth...when... 正要做某事……這時……

We were about to start when it began to rain.

我們正要動身,就在這時下起雨來了。

He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder.

他正要把秘密告訴我, 這時有人拍他的肩膀。

● be on the point of doing sth...when... 正在做某事……這時……

Jack was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the gate.

杰克正要走,這時有人敲門。

【高考試題鏈接】

(1) I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _________I heard the steps.(2006湖南卷)

A. whileB. when C. since D. after

答案: B。

分析:句子中含有be doing...when...這一結(jié)構(gòu):I was busily drying myself with a towel ______ I heard the steps. 我正在用毛巾把水擦掉,這時聽見了腳步聲。

(2) He was about halfway through his meal _______ a familiar voice came to his ears.(2006遼寧卷)

A. why B. where C. when D. while

答案: C。

分析:此題主句中雖然沒有直接含有be doing這一形式,但根據(jù)意思我們可以知道:他飯正吃到一半的時候,這時突然一個熟悉的聲音傳到了他的耳朵里。故還是要選when來表示突然發(fā)生某事。

2. Having returned to the Hall, we climbed to the top of the house.

分詞的完成式表示分詞的動作先于主句的謂語動詞發(fā)生,可譯為“已經(jīng)……”

The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.(05全國I)(the storm與cause是主動關(guān)系,但動作先于主句的謂語發(fā)生,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式)

已經(jīng)對這個地區(qū)造成了巨大的損失,暴風雨退去了。

Having written the letter, he went out to post it.

寫完了信后, 他出去寄信了。

Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.

已經(jīng)被告知過很多次了,他還是犯同樣的錯誤。

【高考試題鏈接】

to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. (2008重慶卷)

A. FailB. FailedC. To failD. Having failed

答案: D。

分析: 本題中分詞的動作與主句的謂語動詞存在先后順序,應(yīng)是先發(fā)生沒打通電話,然后才發(fā)的郵件,此外根據(jù)fail這一動作與主句的主語we為主動關(guān)系,因此使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。

詞匯聚焦

1. gaze at

gaze表示“久久地凝視,注視(通常指因為驚訝或贊賞)”,如:

She gazed at me in disbelief when I told her the news. 我告訴她這消息時,她以懷疑的目光注視著我。

2. veil (n.) 面紗,面罩

a bridal veil新娘的面紗

3. burn to the ground 燒成灰燼

4. looking at herself in the mirror 照鏡子

5. vicar (n.) (英國國教的)牧區(qū)牧師

6. ceremony (n.) 典禮,儀式

a marriage/wedding ceremony婚禮

7. set fire to 放火,縱火

閱讀思考參考答案

1. She set fire to her room and though Mr. Rochester tried to save her, she died in the fire.

2. Mr. Mason, Mrs. Rochester’s brother.

(作者單位:蔣文娟 江蘇省常州市田家炳實驗中學;李春 江蘇省常州市前黃高級中學)

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