龔琳娜 用嗓音感動世界

2011年初，龔琳娜以一首“聽一萬遍也學不會”的《忐忑》一舉成名，并獲得美國格萊美最佳音樂獎，及歐洲“聆聽世界音樂”最佳演唱獎。在2月17日湖南衛視舉辦的元宵晚會上，她演唱的福建民歌《丟丟銅》，再次受到億萬觀眾的熱捧。其實很多人還不知道這兩首十分獨特的曲子，均出自龔琳娜的德國老公之手，這位洋帥哥同樣是位充滿傳奇色彩的人物。他倆是怎樣走到一起的？

音樂為媒

紅潤的臉龐，灑脫的短發，粲然一笑露出潔白整齊的牙齒，龔琳娜是位親切可人的女性。早在2000年她參加央視第九屆全國青年歌手大獎賽，以一曲《斑竹淚》拿下了民族唱法的銀獎。

十年之后，她唱的《忐忑》視頻在網上驀然走紅。龔琳娜做夢都沒想到，丈夫為她寫的這首無詞之曲，竟會引發包括“天后”王菲在內的無數網友和名人的翻唱狂潮。

今年36歲的龔琳娜出生在貴陽，父親是一名醫生，母親在事業單位工作，下面還有一個弟弟。她自幼酷愛音樂，5歲起就學會了苗族飛歌、侗族大歌等，并登臺演出。12歲時龔琳娜第一次出國，給法國人唱貴州民歌。16歲上中國音樂學院附中，三年后上中國音樂學院，師從鄒文琴，學習民族聲樂。1999年，龔琳娜頂著“民歌狀元”的光環從中國音樂學院畢業。一年后，她在“青歌賽”中脫穎而出。

2002年3月，一個中文名字叫老鑼的德國音樂人在北京一個劇場演出。龔琳娜和女伴剛好來看這場演出。老鑼安靜地坐在臺上，正彈奏著一把巴伐利亞箏。雖然長相一般，但是他的表情和動作充滿了藝術氣息。他沉醉在自己彈奏的琴聲里，全然忘了臺下的觀眾。龔琳娜覺得這人很特別，便決定去后臺拜訪。

沒想到對方的漢語很棒，幾次接觸后，老鑼高興地對龔琳娜說，你很有實力，我們一起玩音樂吧！當時她就想，音樂是個很嚴肅的東西，怎么能玩呢？老鑼把琴打開說，你就隨便唱吧。那天她先扯著嗓子唱了一首苗歌。想唱高的唱高的，想唱低的唱低的，那是她第一次即興音樂，沒想到非常棒。真是暢快淋漓，龔琳娜覺得這些歌是從內心流淌出來的，正是自己追求的。

“學了這么多年音樂，過去一直是在唱老師為我塑造的一種音色，錄音的時候有老師監棚并告訴我該怎么唱。”而自己的聲音到底是什么樣的？龔琳娜并不知道。

聽完龔琳娜的歌，老鑼由衷地贊嘆：“剛才的你，就像這不加糖的咖啡，原汁原味不帶任何雜質。你知道嗎？這種純天然的嗓音最迷人！”也就是說，老鑼完全否定了她從前的演唱路子。

從那時起，龔琳娜開始反思聲樂表演和教育“千人一聲，千人一面”的問題。因為歌手都把“科學的聲音”、“美麗的外表”作為第一追求，卻忽略了音樂本身。歌手參加比賽，總要選擇難度大的、能夠顯示一種嗓音技巧的作品，漸漸地忽略作品鮮活的生命力和藝術內涵。

到德國森林里唱歌

為了汲取民族音樂的營養，體驗原生態的民族文化，這年夏天，龔琳娜回到貴州家鄉，在苗族地區采風。她住在苗人的家里，半夜聽到屋外奇異的叫聲，同屋的男人們告訴她，是姑娘們在召喚了。龔琳娜也一起跟了去。

她終究得以窺見他們是怎樣“用音樂談戀愛”的：小伙子們吹著樹葉，姑娘們則唱著情歌。在這里老太太早晨光著腳上山喂豬時也會高歌，下午放學的孩子們也會跟龔琳娜對歌，到了晚飯時間，又有飲酒歌。她不由得感嘆：“對苗家人來說，唱歌就是生活，不是給別人表演。”

2009年9月，老鑼盛情邀請龔琳娜參加德國的音樂節，龔琳娜正好有空就去了。在音樂節的現場，當主持人念到老鑼的名字時，龔琳娜才知道，原來他是整個音樂節的主席！龔琳娜對老鑼的崇拜之情油然而生。

在德國音樂節上，作為遠道而來的中國客人，受老鑼的邀請，龔琳娜盛情難卻高歌了一曲，表現得出奇的完美。老鑼被龔琳娜的音色和氣場驚動了。于是德國音樂節閉幕后，老鑼和龔琳娜一起回到中國。在北京，他和他的朋友，還有龔琳娜和她的兩個朋友組建了一個樂隊，按照中國的“金、木、水、火、土”取名“五行”樂隊。組建樂隊后，老鑼開始專門為龔琳娜寫歌，兩人的首次合作曲目是《走生命的路》。

其實老鑼并非等閑之輩，他比龔琳娜大9歲，10歲開始學習巴伐利亞箏，1988年考入柏林音樂學院學習作曲，視音樂如生命。一次老鑼無意間聽到中國樂器古琴的演奏，便對之產生了濃厚的興趣，于1993年到中國學習古琴。他認為發出那細小琴音的古琴是中國古代樂器的精髓。

1997年，他兩次去西藏，錄制了唱片《西藏民歌》，同年在英國出版。2000年，德國每年一次最大的世界音樂比賽邀請了他擔任評委會主席至今。而且，老鑼還舉辦了很多場伴奏及獨奏音樂會。他長期往返于中德之間，對中國文化有非常深刻的理解。

2002年冬天，“五行”樂隊在德國巡回音樂會上產生巨大反響，龔琳娜和老鑼的關系也發生了質的飛躍。雖然龔琳娜經常參加國際巡回演出，但是她的德語非常糟糕，跟德國人根本無法交流。老鑼就耐心地給她當翻譯，還教她簡單的德語發音。老鑼指著自己的嘴型，“看，認真看我的嘴型，這樣發音就標準了。”龔琳娜目不轉睛盯著他，完全沒聽到他在講些什么。老鑼也停下來，他們四目對視，看著看著就動心了。

后來老鑼說：“我們在一起吧，雖然我沒有太多的錢，但是我的內心很富有，可以讓你跟我一起快樂。”龔琳娜感動得語無倫次，打心底認定了這個男人。

2004年，龔琳娜和老鑼在她的家鄉貴州舉行了婚禮，老鑼的父母也特地從慕尼黑趕來見證兒子的婚禮。婚禮當天，老鑼的30位歐洲朋友前來道賀，將西方的浪漫元素和傳統的中國婚禮相結合，整個氛圍相當熱鬧。根據當地的苗家習俗，女子在出嫁的時候都會哭嫁，還專門請了師傅吹嗩吶。龔琳娜也大哭起來，將現場的朋友弄得不知所措。在大家的祝福聲中，老鑼興奮地抱起她走進洞房。

2005年，龔琳娜跟隨老鑼去了德國。他們隱居在巴伐利亞的小鎮里，屋前是高山，屋后是森林，每天光著腳到森林里散步、唱歌。

老鑼繼續給她寫歌，龔琳娜在國外演出時唱的歌，大多數都是丈夫為她量身定做的。他們經常唱起歌來，有時候在大街上，也旁若無人地大聲歌唱。

后來老鑼就當爸爸了。得知龔琳娜懷孕的那天，這個德國男人像個孩子似的逢人便說，“我要當爸爸了！”生兒子那天，老鑼一直守在龔琳娜的床前。

之后，除了喂奶是龔琳娜必須做以外，其余照顧孩子的活兒老鑼就攬在他一個人身上了，比如沖奶粉，換尿片，他從來沒喊過一聲累。

等到第二個孩子出生的時候，老鑼的育兒經驗就更豐富了。兩個兒子也遺傳了爸媽的音樂基因，很有音樂天分。一家人經常在家里圍著麥克風瘋狂地演唱，這一家四口完全可以辦一場精彩紛呈的音樂會了，誰都可以是主角。

回國發展

一次，龔琳娜在葡萄牙里斯本與吉他大師塞諾合作演出，唱了《圪梁梁》《好花紅》《桃花紅杏花白》等中國民歌，演唱主題曲《相思染》時，觀眾們都被感動了，臺下掌聲雷動。

龔琳娜說，每次音樂會她都唱得十分盡興。在老鑼的影響下，她回歸到享受歌唱的快樂，可以嘗試不同的唱法。旅居歐洲時，她舉辦過60多場專場音樂會，幾乎每次都很成功。對一個中國音樂人來說，這非常不容易。

2006年，老鑼即興為龔琳娜創作了《忐忑》。該曲子全長3分45秒，以笙、笛、提琴、揚琴等樂器伴奏，應用戲曲鑼鼓作為唱詞，融合老旦、須生、花旦等唱腔的多種音色，在快節奏中來回變換，歌詞深奧難懂。

沒想到，這首歌很快在中國紅了。2010年5月，龔琳娜聽說《忐忑》在大學生們最愛的校內網上風傳，但因為只是校園流行，她并沒太在意。9月的一天，龔琳娜收到了朋友的電子郵件，里面附送的鏈接是——“龔琳娜神人神曲”。一聽，正是她那首《忐忑》。原來，通過微博、論壇、貼吧等各種網絡力量，大家已經把《忐忑》從藝術歌曲拽回到草根，并使它成為2010年最紅的網絡歌曲！

“有趣的是，王菲說這首歌激起了她強烈的翻唱欲”。此話一出，瞬間引發了網友的熱烈回應，在天后復出的演唱會上聽到這首網絡神曲，其神奇效果一定不會低于宋祖英在春晚上和周杰倫翻唱《辣妹子》那次。

本來就想回國發展的龔琳娜，乘著《忐忑》爆紅的東風，于2010年10月舉家回國定居。此時，她已經離別祖國整整8年了。出乎意料的是，她一落地就被各種演出邀請包圍。

《忐忑》獲歐洲舉辦的“聆聽世界音樂”最佳作品演唱大獎后，2010年12月1日，龔琳娜又帶著她的這首“神曲”空降美國格萊美，現場一度爆棚，連續3周蟬聯格萊美最佳音樂獎。

在2011年2月17日湖南衛視舉辦的元宵晚會上，趙本山弟子丫蛋翻唱的《忐忑》，贏得一片喝彩。“老人方隊”用它的曲子翻唱的《瀏陽河》，更是令全國觀眾拍案叫絕。而最“給力”的是，當天龔琳娜在湖南衛視唱的《丟丟銅》，再次讓人們“驚艷”。

由于《丟丟銅》完全貼上了龔琳娜的個人標簽，以至于有外國朋友感慨：“太神奇了，我真的分辨不出，是來自德國的中國民歌，還是來自中國的德國山謠！”很快，它又成為新的“神曲”教材，在網上得到了瘋狂傳播。

New Devine VoiceWins Popularity in China

By Zhang Dongliang

36-year-old Gong Linna came to internet fame in late 2010 when her song called Tan Te (Perturbed) attracted wide attention of the Chinese cyberspace. The wacky song， composed by her German husband Robert Zollitsch， sounds partially like an etude for violin fingers skill practice with Chinese characteristics and a meaningless flow of words. It has thrilled millions of pop song listeners across China. For a while， many entertainers paid respects to her by imitating the jaw-dropping number.

Gong had made her national fame long before she grabbed the attention of the Chinese netizens. In 2000， she won a silver prize at the 9th CCTV Singing Competition for Young Singers.

Gong was born in 1975 in Guiyang， the capital city of mountainous Guizhou Province in southwestern China. She dreamed of being a professional singer before she was old enough to go to school. Guizhou Province is home to some ethnic minorities who are famous for their unique passion for singing. From the time she was five years old on， she learned to sing some local folk songs. Her first overseas experience took place when she was 12. That year， she went to France and sang some local folk songs to French audiences. At 16， she entered the affiliated middle school of the Central Conservatory of Music and three years later she graduated to the academy. In 1999 she graduated from the academy with top honors.

After winning the silver prize， she found a lot of offers to sing at various galas and celebrations. During that time， lip-synching was a must for these high-profiled performances. All the singers got their songs recorded before the show and then all they needed to do on the stage was singing soundlessly in synchronization with the replaying of the recorded voice.

This kind of singing disgusted her. During such a fake singing show in 2002， she suddenly felt the lip-synching was totally unbearable. She thought she was sinning against honesty and doing an unforgivable crime to the audience.

She decided not to lip-synch any more. For this reason， she declined all kinds of offer to sing on such occasions. It was also in 2002 that she attended a show by Robert Zollitsch in Beijing. Gong found herself fascinated by the singer who was totally lost in his own singing. After the show， Gong went backstage to see the man. Unexpectedly， Gong found the man speak Chinese!

The meeting between the two proved to be a turning point of Gong Linna’s life and career. Gong and Zollitsch (He is known as Lao Luo to Chinese) began to see each other again and again. The first musical experiment between the two started when Gong improvised a song in the style of the Miao ethnic people. Zollitsch was amazed by Gong’s capability to sing and improvise.

By rediscovering the pleasure of singing， Gong thought she discovered her singing identity. Now she realized that she hadn’t had the slightest idea what music should be though she had studied singing and sung for so many years. She thought her professional singing has been something artificially created， conditioned and shaped by her vocal teachers at the academy and professional recording technicians at recording studios.

As they knew each other better， they talked more and they talked more seriously about music and their understanding. And she began to examine her way of singing and the general situation of singing in China and the singing as it was taught in and out of music schools across the country. She believed that some arias for music competition emphasized techniques but ignored the dynamism and essence of singing as an art.

In the summer 2002 she went back to her home province and stayed in a remote village where Miao ethnic people lived. To her surprise， singing was a way of life there. The young people sang to each other for romance. Children would sing with her after school in the afternoon. A granny barefoot on her way to the family pigsty to feed the family pigs wouldsing. And people would sing when they enjoyed drinking at kitchen table.

In September 2002， Robert Zollitsch invited Gong Linna to attend a music festival in Germany. To her surprise， Gong found that Zollitsch was the chairman of the music festival. At Zollitsch’s invitation， Gong sang a song to her heart. After the two were back in China， they organized a band of five. They called it “Wu Xing” (Five Elements).

Robert Zollitsch is by no means an ordinary musician. Ten years senior， he started learning to play the Bavarian zither at the age of ten. In 1988 he entered Berlin Conservatory of Music as a composition major. In 1993 he came to China to study the ancient Chinese Qin， a seven-stringed plucked instrument that originated thousands years ago. In 1997 he visited Tibet twice and made a record of Tibetan folk songs， which was published in Great Britain. Since 2000， he has been the chairman of a world music festival in Germany. He has held numerous performances and solo concerts.

In the winter of 2002， Five Elements held concerts in Germany. Their performances caused repercussions in the country. Gong Linna and Robert Zollitsch fell in love that winter. In 2004， they got married in Guizhou. Robert Zollitsch’s parents and about 30 relatives and friends came to attend the wedding in Guizhou. In 2005， the couple left China and settled down in Bavaria where Gong Linna gave birth to two sons.

Gong Linna spent altogether eight years living in Germany and visiting many other countries. In all the concerts where she gave performances， she sang in Chinese styles. Most of the songs she sang were composed by her husband. She held more than 60 concerts across Europe and almost all of them were successes. At one concert held in Lisbon， Portuguese， Gong sang to the accompaniment of the twelve-stringed Portuguese Guitar master Antonio Chainho. The Chinese folksongs she sang touched the heartstring of the audience. It was a resounding success.

Tan Te (Perturbed) was a song composed by Robert Zollitsch for fun in 2006. The 3-minute-45-second-long impulsive inspiration was designed to be a funny interlude for a 90-minute solo concert. Zollitsch composed it in a playful mindset. Then the song found its way to China. In May 2010， Gong first learned that it spread fast across college campuses in China. In September 2010， she received an email from a friend. The link attached led her to a website where she heard herself singing Tan Te. The art song enjoyed tremendous popularity with Chinese netizens and was considered the most popular song on the Internet of 2010.

On the strength of her newly found popularity in China， Gong and her husband and two sons moved back to China in October 2010. As soon as she was back in China， invitations and offers to sing and appear on television flooded in. She held two concerts in Wuhan and Tianjin first. Then she appeared in New Year’s Day celebrations in Hunan Television and Shandong Television. And then she appeared in a Spring Festival gala at Beijing Television.

This is only the beginning. With her fame firmly established with Tan Te， she has the opportunity to sing her songs in her own voice to her heart’s content.