中央政府西藏工作方略的豐富和發展—— 中央第五次西藏工作座談會精神管窺

■ 吳楚

中央政府西藏工作方略的豐富和發展
—— 中央第五次西藏工作座談會精神管窺

■ 吳楚

西藏是祖國西南邊陲具有重要戰略地位的省級民族區域自治地方。中央政府對西藏工作始終高度重視， 1980年以來已先后召開過四次西藏工作座談會，每一次會議都針對當時西藏工作面臨的形勢和突出問題進行研究，明確重大政策，做出戰略部署。2010年1月，中央政府又召開了第五次西藏工作座談會(以下簡稱五次會)，進一步明確了當前和今后一個時期做好西藏工作的指導思想、主要任務、工作要求，在經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態文明建設和黨的建設等方面提出了一系列重要舉措，豐富和發展了西藏工作的基本方略，筆者根據自己對五次會精神的理解和感受，試舉幾例。

1.創造性地提出了西藏社會的主要矛盾和特殊矛盾的理論。五次會提出，當前西藏社會的主要矛盾同全國一樣，依然是人民群眾日益增長的物質文化需要同落后的社會生產之間的矛盾；同時，西藏還存在著各族人民同以達賴集團為代表的分裂勢力之間的特殊矛盾。這一重要闡述，對于堅持和完善新時期西藏工作指導方針，對于在西藏這樣一個特殊的邊疆民族地區如何正確處理發展與穩定的關系提供了科學的理論依據。由于西藏存在人民日益增長的物質文化需要同落后的社會生產之間的主要矛盾，所以在西藏工作中，必須始終堅持“一個中心”，即以經濟建設為中心，西藏工作的形勢越是尖銳復雜，越要牢固樹立這個思想，堅持這個中心，決不能動搖，決不能輕易改變；同時由于西藏還存在反分裂斗爭的特殊矛盾，所以在西藏工作中必須抓好“發展、穩定”兩件大事，必須把維護穩定作為硬任務和第一責任，深入持久開展反分裂斗爭。沒有穩定的環境，西藏的一切發展都無從談起。西藏社會存在的主要矛盾和特殊矛盾也決定了西藏工作的主題必須是推進跨越式發展和長治久安。

2.明確了西藏在科學發展軌道上實現跨越式發展的基本要求。五次會提出，沒有跨越式發展，西藏就不可能跟上全國發展步伐；沒有科學發展，西藏跨越式發展就難以持久，必須把中央關于加快西藏發展的決策部署同西藏實際緊密結合起來，轉變發展觀念、創新發展模式、提高發展質量。為此，會議提出了“七個更加注重”，即，更加注重改善農牧民生產生活條件，更加注重經濟社會協調發展，更加注重增強自我發展能力，更加注重提高基本公共服務能力和均等化水平，更加注重保護高原生態環境，更加注重擴大同內地的交流合作，更加注重建立促進經濟社會發展的體制機制。此外，會議還第一次明確提出西藏今后發展的戰略定位，即，要實現經濟增長、生活寬裕、生態良好、社會穩定、文明進步的統一，使西藏成為重要的國家安全屏障、重要的生態安全屏障、重要的戰略資源儲備基地、重要的高原特色農產品基地、重要的中華民族特色文化保護地、重要的世界旅游目的地。

3.確定了下一步西藏經濟社會發展的主要目標。五次會提出，到2015年，保持經濟跨越式發展勢頭，農牧民人均純收入與全國平均水平的差距顯著縮小，基本公共服務能力顯著提高，生態環境進一步改善，基礎設施建設取得重大進展，各民族團結和諧，社會持續穩定，全面建設小康社會的基礎更加扎實；到2020年，農牧民人均純收入接近全國平均水平，人民生活水平全面提升，基本公共服務能力接近全國平均水平，基礎設施條件全面改善，生態安全屏障建設取得明顯成效，自我發展能力明顯增強，社會更加和諧穩定，確保實現全面建設小康社會的奮斗目標。

在西藏，發展目標的確定非常重要，不僅涉及西藏發展戰略、發展方向、發展重點的選擇，也直接涉及中央和全國各省市對西藏政策、項目和資金支持力度的大小。目前確定的這個提法，一是分為兩個階段，既有近期打算，又要長遠目標；二是強調了一個綜合性的目標體系，包括經濟、民生、穩定、生態等多個方面，而不僅僅是經濟指標；三是在這個綜合性的目標體系中，并沒有像內地的省市那樣重點強調經濟指標和增長速度，而是強調了農牧民人均純收入和基本公共服務兩個指標。這些都體現了中央政府對西藏工作特點的把握和科學發展觀的要求。

4.突出強調把保障和改善民生作為西藏經濟社會發展的出發點和落腳點。西藏地廣人稀，交通不便，經濟發展基礎薄弱，社會發育程度低，各項社會事業比較落后，相對內地其他地方，西藏改善民生面臨的任務更加繁重，付出的成本和工作難度更高，同時意義也更為重大。五次會提出，要繼續實施“富民興藏”戰略，提高各族群眾生活水平和質量，把更多關懷和溫暖送給廣大農牧民和困難群眾，著重解決他們迫切需要解決的問題，特別是農牧區條件艱苦、農牧民增收困難等問題；繼續推進以安居工程為突破口的社會主義新農村建設，加快農村水電路氣房和通信等設施建設；完善和落實各項增收政策，千方百計增加各族群眾特別是農牧民收入；大力改善農牧民生產生活條件，解決好零就業家庭和困難群眾就業問題，建設覆蓋城鄉居民的社會保障體系，2012年以前基本實現新型農村社會養老保險制度全覆蓋；優先發展教育，義務教育和高中階段農牧民子女全部實行“三包”政策；進一步完善以免費醫療為基礎的農牧區醫療制度，逐步提高國家補助標準和保障水平；加大中央投資力度，繼續擴大專項投資規模，中央投資要向民生領域傾斜，向社會事業傾斜，向農牧業傾斜，向基礎設施傾斜。今年7月，國務院審批通過了《“十二五”支持西藏經濟社會發展建設項目規劃方案》，圍繞五大重點領域安排了226個建設項目，總投資3305億元，“十二五”期間投資1931億元，其中保障和改善民生成為規劃方案中居于首位的重點領域。

5.突出強調生態文明建設的重要戰略地位。西藏地處青藏高原腹地，是世界山地冰川最發育的地區，是長江、黃河、瀾滄江等主要河流和亞洲重要江河源區，是維系我國和東亞氣候系統穩定的重要屏障，生態地位極其重要。同時，青藏高原生態又極其脆弱，一旦遭到破壞，影響極大且很難恢復。五次會提出，一定要把保護西藏生態環境作為造福千秋萬代的戰略工程擺在更加突出的位置，統籌生態環境保護和經濟發展、社會進步、民生改善，著重抓好生態保護、生態經濟、生態移民、生態補償等關鍵環節，促進生態保護和經濟建設協調發展、環境優化和民生改善同步提升，實現生態系統良性循環。會議要求，要大力推進生態文明建設，把建設資源節約型、環境友好型社會放在經濟社會發展的突出位置，尤其不能走先破壞后治理的發展路子；要構建高原生態安全屏障，加強主體功能區和土地綜合利用與整治規劃，按照保護優先、綜合治理、因地制宜、突出重點的原則，堅持工程治理同自然修復相結合，加快實施《西藏生態安全屏障保護與建設規劃》。

6.完善了對口支援的政策。對口支援在西藏已經實行了16年，充分體現了中央對西藏的特殊關懷，體現了全國各族人民的大團結，在西藏發展進程中樹立了一個豐碑。五次會明確提出，對口支援西藏政策延長到2020年；規定承擔對口支援任務的省(直轄市)、中央和國家機關及企事業單位，要建立援藏資金穩定增長機制；做好援藏干部選派工作，加大專業技術人員援藏力度等。今年7月在拉薩召開了對口支援西藏工作座談會，習近平同志在講話中提出，要協調推進經濟支援、干部支援、人才支援、教育支援、科技支援、企業支援，形成全方位、多層次、寬領域的對口支援工作格局；要始終把保障和改善民生作為對口支援工作的首要任務，把資金和項目進一步向農牧區和農牧民傾斜，扎實推進教育、醫療、就業、社會保障等民生工程建設，促進公共服務均等化；要始終堅持國家支持與提高自我發展能力相結合，更加注重把受援地區的政策優勢、資源優勢、后發優勢同對口支援地區的人才、資金、技術、市場優勢和管理經驗結合起來，實現互利共贏、共同發展；要加強對口支援干部工作，充分尊重受援地區干部群眾意愿，問需于民，問計于民，自覺接受群眾監督。

7.完善了民族、宗教政策。五次會提出，把有利于民族平等團結進步、有利于各民族共同繁榮發展、有利于民族交往交流交融、有利于國家統一和社會穩定作為衡量民族工作成效的重要標準，推動各民族和睦相處、和衷共濟、和諧發展，進一步鞏固和發展平等團結互助和諧的社會主義民族關系。這“四個有利于”的提法，是在深入研究民族問題的發展規律，深刻總結近年來民族工作經驗教訓的基礎上提出來的。根據這一重要標準，會議提出要廣泛開展民族團結宣傳教育和民族團結進步創建活動，大力宣傳民族團結先進典型，引導各族干部群眾牢固樹立“三個離不開”思想和“團結穩定是福、分裂動亂是禍”觀念；正確認識中華民族多元一體格局，自覺抵制各種狹隘民族意識，堅決反對民族分裂意識，增強中華民族凝聚力；保障各民族合法權益，防止出現傷害民族感情、損害民族團結的問題等。

藏傳佛教在西藏有著悠久的歷史，對西藏的政治、經濟、文化和人們的思想觀念、行為方式都有著廣泛而深刻的影響。藏傳佛教寺廟承擔著傳承藏傳佛教文化、滿足信教群眾正常的宗教需求的功能，既是宗教活動場所，又是基層社會單位。五次會提出要全面貫徹落實黨的宗教工作基本方針和國家管理宗教事務的法律法規，切實維護藏傳佛教正常秩序，引導藏傳佛教與社會主義社會相適應，并就建立藏傳佛教寺廟管理長效機制，深入開展寺廟法制宣傳教育，社會基本公共服務進寺廟，妥善解決僧尼養老、醫療等社會保障問題做出了明確安排部署。

8.完善了對境外藏胞的政策。五次會明確提出，“境外藏胞是海外華僑華人的一部分”，這是在總結多年工作經驗基礎上提出來的重要論斷。西藏是中國不可分割的一部分，境外藏胞理所當然是海外華人華僑的一部分。改革開放以來，中央政府對境外藏胞實行“愛國一家，愛國不分先后”的政策，每年都有大批境外藏胞回國探親、參觀，一些境外藏胞熱心家鄉公益慈善事業，為西藏的發展貢獻自己的力量，還有一些境外藏胞成立愛國組織，公開反對達賴集團分裂祖國和宗教專制的行徑。同時，境外藏胞與普通的華人華僑又有一定的不同，許多人思想上深受達賴的影響，經濟上依賴達賴集團，組織上受達賴集團嚴密控制。團結爭取境外藏胞是同達賴集團斗爭的重要領域，要采取區別對待的原則，團結爭取更多境外藏胞心向祖國，擺脫達賴集團控制和影響，同時充分發揮廣大海外華僑華人和留學生在反“藏獨”中的重要作用。

五次會召開已有一年多時間，筆者在工作中深深感受到，中央治藏方略和政策的這些新發展已經在西藏工作的各個領域產生了實實在在的新變化。只要我們繼續保持發展穩定的良好勢頭，只要我們對西藏工作的重要性、特殊復雜性始終保持清醒的認識，只要我們各個方面把對西藏這片高原熱土的向往和熱愛不斷化做自覺的行動，只要西藏各族人民和海內外中華兒女同心同德、同心同向、同心同行，西藏的明天一定會更加美好。

Tibet is a provincial-level autonomous region that occupies an important strategic position along China’s southwest border. The central government has always attached great importance to its Tibet work, and this is the Fifth Forum on Tibet Work it has held since 1980. All these meetings have carried out deliberations concerning the situation and outstanding problems facing Tibet work at the time, clarified important policies and made strategic arrangements. The central government held the Fifth Forum on Tibet Work (hereafter simply called the Fifth Forum) in January 2010 to further clarify the guiding thought, main tasks and work requirements for now and the near future;to set forth a series of important measures for economic,political, cultural and social development, strengthening ecological awareness and Party building; and enriching and developing the basic plan for Tibet work. I will here discuss several points based on my understanding of the gist of the Fifth Forum.

1. Creatively articulating a theory of the main contradiction and unique problem in Tibetan society.The Fifth Forum stated that the main contradiction in Tibetan society is the same as in the country as a whole,the contradiction between the ever-increasing material and cultural demands of the masses and the backward social production. At the same time, Tibet has a unique problem pertaining to all of Tibet’s ethnic groups and the separatist forces represented by the Dalai Lama. This important exposition provided an important scientific and theoretical basis for adhering to and improving the guiding principles for Tibet work in the new period and for correctly handling the relationship between development and stability in this unique ethnic-minority frontier region.Because of the important contradiction between the everincreasing material and cultural demands of the people and the backward social production, in our Tibet work we must always keep economic development at the center of everything. The more acute and complex the circumstances in which we do our Tibet work become, the more necessary it is to firmly implant this thinking and adhere to this center. We must not waver or make changes lightly. At the same time, due to the unique problem surrounding the anti-separatist struggle in Tibet, we must handle the issues of development and stability well. We must make maintaining stability a mandatory task and our number one responsibility, and commit ourselves fully to a longterm anti-separatist struggle. It is impossible to even think of developing Tibet if it doesn’t have a stable environment.The main contradiction and unique problem in Tibetan society determine that the focus of our Tibet work must be to promote leapfrog development and prolonged political stability.

2. Clarifying the basic requirements for Tibet to achieve leapfrog development along the track of scienti fi c development. The Fifth Forum stated that without leapfrog development, the pace of development in Tibet cannot catch up to that in the country as a whole, and without scienti fi c development it will be very difficult to maintain leapfrog development. We must intimately integrate the central government’s policies and arrangements for accelerating Tibet’s development with actual conditions in Tibet, change our concept of development, make innovations in our development model, and raise the quality of development.To this end the Forum identified seven areas where we need to place greater emphasis: improving the living conditions of farmers and herders, coordinating economic and social development, increasing Tibet’s capacity for self-development, improving basic public services and provide them more equitably, protecting the plateau’s ecosystem, expanding contacts and cooperation with the rest of the country, and creating systems and mechanisms for stimulating economic and social development. In addition,the Forum for the first time clearly stated the strategic orientation for Tibet’s development from now on: to achieve economic growth, improvement in people’s lives, ecological preservation, social stability and cultural progress, and to make Tibet an important security screen for the country,an important ecological screen, a reserve base for strategic resources, a production base for highland agricultural products, a preserve for a unique Chinese ethnic culture, and a world tourist destination.

3. Setting the important objectives for the next stage of Tibet’s economic and social development. The objectives the Fifth Forum set for 2015 are: to maintain the pace of leapfrog economic development, significantly narrow the gap between the per capita net income of Tibetan farmers and herders and the national average, signi fi cantly increase Tibet’s capacity to provide public services, further improve the ecosystem, greatly develop Tibet’s infrastructure,achieve unity and harmony between ethnic groups,maintain social stability, and comprehensively firm up the foundation for a moderately prosperous society in all respects. The objectives it set for 2020 are: to raise the per capita net income of Tibetan farmers and herders close to the national average, comprehensively raise the living standards of the people, raise the level of basic public services close to the national average, comprehensively improve infrastructure conditions, achieve signi fi cant results in creating an ecological security screen, considerably increase Tibet’s capacity for self-development, make society more harmonious and stable, and ensure that a moderately prosperous society in all respects is established.

It is extremely important to set development objectives for Tibet. Doing so not only affects the choice of strategy,orientation and focus for Tibet’s development, but also has a direct bearing on the Tibet policies of the central government and the governments of all the country’s provinces and municipalities directly under the central government, and on the projects they undertake on its behalf and the extent of the support they give it. For the present,the formulation we have decided on is: fi rst, to separate our planning into two stages, short-term plans and long-term goals; second, to emphasize an overall system of objectives encompassing the economy, people’s lives, stability and the ecosystem, rather than just setting economic targets;and third, within this overall system of objectives to give particular emphasis to the targets concerning the net income of farmers and herders and basic public services, rather than emphasizing economic targets and growth rate as we do for the provinces and municipalities directly under the central government in the rest of the country. All this manifests the grasp the central government has of the unique features of its Tibet work and the requirements of the scienti fi c outlook on development.

4. Particularly emphasizing that maintaining and raising people’s living standards is the starting and end point of Tibet’s economic and social development. Tibet is a vast, sparsely populated region with inconvenient transport, weak economic development, a low level of social development and backward social institutions.Compared with the rest of China, Tibet faces a much more daunting task to improve people’s living conditions, and accomplishing it will be costly and dif fi cult, but also of great significance. It was decided at the Fifth Forum that: we need to continue to implement the strategy of enriching the people and invigorating Tibet; raise the living standards and improve the quality of life of all ethnic groups; show more solicitude and kindness to farmers and herders and those in dire straits, with the focus on solving their most pressing problems especially the problems of harsh conditions in agricultural and pastoral areas and the difficulty of raising the incomes of farmers and herders; improve and implement the policies for increasing Tibetans’ incomes;increase the incomes of members of all ethnic groups,especially farmers and herders, by all possible means; put great effort into improving the living conditions of farmers and herders; solve the problems of families in which there are no wage earners and people living in dire straits; create a social security system covering both urban and rural residents; basically implement universal coverage of the new rural social retirement insurance system before 2012;give priority to developing education; provide free tuition,room and board for the sons and daughters of farmers and herders from elementary school through high secondary school; further improve the medical system for agricultural and pastoral areas which takes free medical care as its basis;gradually raise the levels of subsidies and social security benefits; increase central government spending; continue to expand the scope of spending on special projects;and devote a greater portion of government spending to improving people’s lives, agriculture and animal husbandry,and infrastructure. In July of this year the State Council passed the Plan for Projects That Support Tibet’s Economic and Social Development to Be Included in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, which lists 226 construction projects in fi ve major areas with a total cost of 330.5 billion yuan, with 193.1 billion of that amount to be spent in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period. Maintaining and improving people’s living standards is the foremost of the fi ve major areas.

5. Particularly emphasizing the strategic importance of increasing people’s ecological awareness. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau covers much of Tibet. It has more mountain glaciers than anywhere else in the world and is the source of Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers as well as important rivers fl owing to South Asia. It is an important screen that maintains the stability of Chinese and East Asian climate system, so it is of great ecological importance. However,the ecology of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is fragile, and any damage to it will have an enormous impact and be very difficult to recover from. It was decided at the Fifth Forum that: we must give greater importance to strategic projects to preserve Tibet’s ecosystem for the benefit of future generations; integrate planning to preserve the ecosystem with planning for economic development, social progress and improvement of people’s lives; make sure we do a good job in the key links of ecological protection,ecological economy, ecological migration and ecological compensation; coordinate improvements in ecological protection with economic development, optimization of the environment and improvement in people’s lives; and achieve a virtuous cycle in the ecological system. The meeting set forth the requirements that great efforts should be made to increase ecological awareness, give a prominent position in economic and social development to building a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society,and particularly avoid taking the development path of fi rst damaging and then restoring the environment; create a plateau ecology security screen; strengthen overall use of land in and restoration planning for main functional areas;integrate rehabilitation projects with natural restoration on the basis of the principles of putting preservation first,carrying out rehabilitation comprehensively, adapting measures to the situation and focusing on crucial problems;and more quickly implement the Plan for Preserving and Improving the Tibet Ecological Security Screen.

6. Improving the one-to-one assistance policy. Oneto-one assistance has already been practiced in Tibet for 16 years. It fully embodies the special concern the central government has for Tibet and the great unity of all China’s ethnic groups, and it is a milestone in the course of Tibet’s development. The Fifth Forum clearly stated that the oneto-one assistance policy would be extended till 2020;specified the provinces (municipalities directly under the central government), central and state organs, and enterprises responsible to provide one-to-one assistance and required them to set up a stable, long-term mechanism to fund their assistance; did a good job in selecting cadres to do assistance work; and increased the number of technical personal involved in assistance work. A work Forum on one-to-one assistance to Tibet was held in Lhasa in July of this year. At the Forum Xi Jinping gave a speech in which he stated it is necessary to carry out assistance in the areas of the economy, cadres, personnel, education, science and technology, and enterprises in a coordinated fashion and to create a pattern of one-to-one assistance work that is comprehensive, multi-layered and broad ranging. We need to always keep maintaining and raising people’s living standards as the primary task of one-to-one assistance work;further direct funds and projects to agricultural and pastoral areas and to farmers and herdsmen; effectively carry out projects affecting people’s lives in the areas of education,medical care, employment and social security; and make the provision of public services more equitable. We always need to steadfastly integrate state support with raising Tibet’s capability for self-development; place greater emphasis on integrating the advantages aid recipients have in the areas of policy and resources and as a result of developing later with the strengths aid donors have in the areas of personnel,capital, technology, markets and management experience;and achieve a mutually beneficial win-win situation in which everyone develops together. We need to strengthen work concerning cadres involved in one-to-one assistance,fully respect the wishes of cadres and ordinary people in the areas receiving assistance, ask the people what they need,get them involved in planning, and willingly accept the oversight of the masses.

7. Improving ethnic and religious policies. The Fifth Forum stated that an important standard for judging the success of ethnic work should between whether it is beneficial for promoting equality, unity and progress of all ethnic groups; is beneficial for promoting common prosperity and development of all ethnic groups; is beneficial for increasing contacts, interactions and intermingling between ethnic groups; and is beneficial for national unity and social stability. This work should also encourage all ethnic groups to live together amicably, work together cooperatively and develop in harmony, and further consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality,unity, mutual assistance and harmony. The formulation of these “four bene fi cials” were put forth on the basis of deep study of the laws of development of ethnic conflicts and a thorough review of the lessons we learned in our ethnic work in recent years. On the basis of this important standard,the Forum stated that it is necessary to widely carry out publicity and education in ethnic unity and devise activities that further ethnic unity; energetically publicize people who most contribute to ethnic unity; guide the cadres and people of all ethnic groups to firmly uphold the doctrine of the“three inseparables” (the Han ethnic group is inseparable from all the ethnic minority groups; all the ethnic minority groups are inseparable from the Han ethnic group, and all the ethnic minority ethnic groups are inseparable from each other); and the idea that unity and stability are a blessing and division and unrest are a misfortune. We need to correctly understand that the Chinese nation is a multifaceted unity,consciously resist any narrow ethnic thinking, fi rmly oppose ethnic separatist thinking, and increase the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation. We also need to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of all ethnic groups, and prevent the occurrence of situations that hurt the feelings of ethnic groups and undermine ethnic unity.

Tibetan Buddhism has a long history in Tibet and it has had a broad and deep influence on Tibetans’ thinking and behavior concerning politics, economics, culture and human nature. Tibetan Buddhist monasteries perform the functions of transmitting Tibetan Buddhist culture and also of satisfying the normal religious demands of religious believers, and they are both venues of religious activities and primary-level social institutions. The Fifth Forum stated that it is necessary to fully implement the Party’s basic policies on religious work and state laws and regulations concerning managing religious affairs, effectively safeguard the normal order of Tibetan Buddhism, and guide Tibetan Buddhism and our socialist society to adapt to each other,and also to establish long-term mechanisms for managing Tibetan Buddhist temples, thoroughly carry out publicity and education concerning temples, bring basic public services to them, and make appropriate arrangements to solve social security issues concerning old-age and medical care for monks and nuns.

8. Improving policies concerning Tibetans living abroad. The Fifth Forum clearly stated that Tibetans living abroad are overseas Chinese or Chinese citizens. This is an important conclusion reached on the basis of a review of many years of work. Tibet is an inseparable part of China,so of course Tibetans living abroad are overseas Chinese or Chinese citizens. Since the adoption of reform and opening up, the central government has followed the policy of “All patriots belong to one big family whether they rally to the common cause early or late” in relation to Tibetans living abroad. Every year, a large number of Tibetans return home to visit family or sightsee. Some overseas Tibetans engage in public welfare philanthropic activities and contribute their efforts to Tibet’s development, and others establish patriotic organizations and openly oppose the Dalai Lama clique’s activities to split China and establish a theocracy.At the same time Tibetans living abroad are different from other Chinese living abroad in that many of them have been deeply in fl uenced by the Dalai Lama and rely on the Dalai Lama clique for economic support and are subject to strict controls it imposes. Uniting and winning over overseas Tibetans is an important area in the struggle against the Dalai Lama clique, and we need to follow the principle of dealing with different situations differently to unite and win over more Tibetans living abroad so they yearn for the motherland and throw off the control and in fl uence of the Dalai Lama clique. At the same time, we need to get the many overseas Chinese, Chinese citizens living abroad and Chinese students studying abroad to play their important role in opposing Tibet independence.

It has already been more than a year since the Fifth Forum. In my work I can deeply feel that these new developments in the central government’s general plan and policy for governing Tibet have already engendered genuine changes in our Tibet work. If we can continue to maintain the good situation of development and stability;if we always clearly recognize the importance and unique importance of out Tibet work; if people on all sides constantly convert their love for Tibet into conscious action;and if the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet unite with all sons and daughters of China both here and abroad with one heart and one mind and work together for the same goals,then Tibet will de fi nitely have a brighter future.

THE ENRICHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT’S GENERAL PLAN FOR TIBET WORK
A Glimpse at the Gist of the Central Government’s Fifth Forum on Tibet Work

■ Wu Chu