維多利亞與艾伯特博物館（博覽會路），倫敦，英國

2011年，倫敦的維多利亞與艾伯特博物館為他們在博覽會路的擴(kuò)建項目舉行了一次國際設(shè)計競賽。邁克爾·毛贊建筑事務(wù)所入選了進(jìn)入最后一輪的7家設(shè)計公司之一。競賽的要求中簡約地明確了主要的設(shè)計目標(biāo)：在原鍋爐房院之下建造一座平易近人、引人入勝的新展館供現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)展使用，并在上方建一座吸引人的公共庭院，這也會成為博覽會路這一文化中軸沿線的一座新美術(shù)館。我們的競賽設(shè)計通過將該博物館的獨特氣質(zhì)和新館基地的環(huán)境結(jié)合在一起來達(dá)成這些設(shè)計目標(biāo)，并設(shè)想在地上和地下同時創(chuàng)造出新的庭院空間，形成博物館面向博覽會路一側(cè)的新入口。設(shè)計希望能把握住該博物館的活力、其展覽的多樣性以及其在管理方式上的巧妙周密感。

為了達(dá)到新建筑與舊建筑及其內(nèi)部展覽品的協(xié)調(diào)性，博覽會路的新庭院的定位是一個兼具動感、尺度感和功能性的城市公共空間。它不僅是地下展廳的屋頂，庭院的地表也成為倫敦的一處室外展廳。上層的庭院可以供表演、儀式和其他公共功能使用，并通過裝設(shè)靈活可變的設(shè)施和燈光來滿足各種需求。

新的入口大廳是連接庭院的過渡空間，供藝術(shù)教育用的博物館和塞克勒中心都在這一空間中。通過一段坡道或緩和的臺階，訪客可以通過一道在晴天可以打開的玻璃墻，到達(dá)位于起伏的庭院的最高點之下的大堂。進(jìn)入后直接面對咨詢臺，可以在這里買票，同時配備有職員室和咖啡廳。由上至下，貫穿入口層，大廳的體量形成一個緊湊高效的空間，供展覽和位于服務(wù)核心筒中的輔助空間使用。大廳的新建筑與位于亨利·科爾翼的五彩拉毛墻面和陶瓷臺階等現(xiàn)有博物館的歷史地標(biāo)性構(gòu)筑物遙相呼應(yīng)。經(jīng)由位于西線的高聳中庭里的入口空間，游客們將以一種戲劇化的方式進(jìn)入博物館。

通過中庭空間，訪客可以直接從地上看到地下層的展館商店，也可以大致打量展廳中的情況。1 470m2的展廳是個靈活的空間，可以滿足該博物館管理方布置各種展覽的要求。此外，設(shè)計中希望不要讓展廳有地下空間的感受，同時也出于對該博物館精神的考慮，讓展廳通過其商店的部分與上層位于西線的中庭產(chǎn)生了豎向的視覺聯(lián)系。□（司馬蕾 譯）

1 模型/Model

2 模型/Model

3 碼頭層平面/Loading dock level plan

4 圖書館層平面/Library level plan

5 夾層平面/Mezzanine level plan

6 門廳層平面/Lobby level plan

7 地下層平面/Basement level plan

8 展廳層平面/Gallery level plan

In 2011, the Victoria & Albert Museum in London hosted an international design competition for their Exhibition Road Expansion Project. MMA was selected as one of seven finalists to prepare schemes for consideration. The competition brief clearly established the primary project objectives:to build an accessible and inviting new gallery for temporary exhibitions under the Boilerhouse Yard; to open an inviting performative public courtyard; and to create a new Museum entry along the cultural spine of Exhibition Road. The MMA competition design addresses these primary goals by engaging the unique qualities of both the V&A Museum and the context of the project site, both above and below ground, to create a new courtyard hub for the Museum's reimagined Exhibition Road entry. The project aimed to capture the energy of the V&A, the diversity of its exhibitions, and the sophistication of its curatorial approach.

Working in concert with its historic buildings and in reference to its collection, the new courtyard along Exhibition Road is an urban space activated by movement, scale, and purpose. Acting not only as a rooftop to the gallery below, the surface of the courtyard is an exterior room within the London.The courtyard above can incorporate performances,installations, and other public functions by utilizing flexible infrastructure and lighting to support a wide range of use.

The new entrance lobby is a welcoming space connecting the courtyard, the Museum and the Sackler Centre for arts education in a single hub.Moving down the ramp or a few gentle steps, visitors enter the lobby under the apex of the courtyard's undulating form, through a glass wall that can slide open in nice weather, and immediately find an information desk, a place to purchase tickets,a cloakroom, and the café. Above, below, and through the entry level, the lobby volume is also a compact and efficient hub for the gallery and its support spaces all served directly by the service core. The new architecture of the lobby responds to historic landmarks of the existing museum such as the Sgraffito Wall of the Henry Cole Wing and the Ceramic Stair. From the lobby, visitors enter the Museum in a dramatic way, through a tall atrium created within the Western Range.

9 剖面/Sections

10 剖面/Sections

11 剖面/Sections

12 剖面/Sections

13 天蓬透視/Rendering, canopy

Crossing through the space of the atrium, one can immediately look down into the exhibition shop and glimpse further into the exhibition gallery below. The 1,470 square meter exhibition gallery is designed as a flexible space suited to multiple exhibit configurations as required by the curatorial needs of the V&A. The gallery is designed so as not to evoke the feeling of an underground space,and in the spirit of the V&A, is provided with the possibility of vertical visual connectivity through the exhibition shop and up into the atrium of the Western Range.□

類型/Type: 博物館改造擴(kuò)建/Museum addition and renovation

狀態(tài)/Status: 2011年完成概念設(shè)計/Conceptual design completed 2011