傾聽世界的聲樂

這是一場讓中國的聲音插上歌聲的翅膀傳向全世界的藝術(shù)盛會。

這是一個中國與世界之間聲樂藝術(shù)交流的文化平臺。

位于奉化江畔的寧波音樂廳花團(tuán)錦簇，彩旗飄揚(yáng)。由文化部主辦、寧波市人民政府承辦的第五屆中國國際聲樂比賽10月9日至20日在港城寧波舉行。在這里，人們傾聽世界聲樂的曼妙；在這里，不同膚色的選手在同一片藍(lán)天下，歌唱友誼、理想和繁榮！

來的評委都是大腕

本次比賽的評委共11位，其中中國評委3名，國際評委8名（分別來自烏克蘭、俄羅斯、奧地利、希臘、意大利、法國、南非、匈牙利等國），充分體現(xiàn)了國際比賽的“國際化”程度。這些評委中有中國著名女高音歌唱家郭淑珍，有杰出的俄羅斯女中音埃琳娜·奧布拉卓娃，也有抒情花腔女高音埃爾維拉·列佳金娜，她們均是蜚聲國際樂壇的藝術(shù)家，在聲樂教學(xué)和舞臺藝術(shù)方面都取得了杰出的成就。用郭淑珍教授的話來說：“來的都是國際大腕。”

我國著名女高音歌唱家、音樂教育家、84歲的郭淑珍教授擔(dān)任評委會主任。說到本次大賽，她用了“感情”“責(zé)任”“理想”三個關(guān)鍵詞。她說在比賽過程中，評委的“心累腦袋累，因?yàn)橐稽c(diǎn)紕漏都不能出，出了對不起選手，這關(guān)乎責(zé)任”。

此外，本次大賽的樂隊和指揮也多有亮點(diǎn)。著名音樂表演團(tuán)體，擅長歌劇、芭蕾舞伴奏的上海歌劇院和曾經(jīng)指揮首演了《圖蘭朵》《女人心》和《美麗的海倫》等世界著名歌劇的林友聲都甘當(dāng)選手們的“綠葉”。

強(qiáng)手如林的競藝舞臺

創(chuàng)辦于2000年、每三年一屆的中國國際聲樂比賽經(jīng)過10年的成功運(yùn)作，無論專業(yè)性還是國際影響力都不斷提升。本屆比賽更是創(chuàng)下了歷屆大賽參賽國家、報名人數(shù)、海外參賽人數(shù)之最，經(jīng)專家組對選手報送材料和歌曲錄音的審核、審聽，篩選出來自中國、美國、俄羅斯、法國、英國、意大利等24個國家和地區(qū)的86名選手參賽。其中就有27歲的寧波選手呂志強(qiáng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了該賽事自2005年落戶寧波以來寧波人參賽“零”的突破。

“國外比賽一般都只比詠嘆調(diào)，像中國國際聲樂比賽對曲目這么嚴(yán)格要求的比較少見。”這是匈牙利評委塔瑪斯·巴托最直接的感受。正如本屆大賽評委會主任郭淑珍所說的那樣“這是真刀真槍的”。中國國際聲樂比賽對選手曲目的要求非常細(xì)致——第一輪三首曲目，包括一首17、18世紀(jì)巴洛克時期的作品、一首歌劇詠嘆調(diào)和一首藝術(shù)歌曲；第二輪五首曲目，包括兩首詠嘆調(diào)、兩首藝術(shù)歌曲和一首指定范圍內(nèi)的中國藝術(shù)歌曲；第三輪的兩首歌曲必須是完整的正歌劇選段，音樂劇、清唱劇選段均不作數(shù)。今年就有兩位南非選手因曲目選擇違規(guī)而被取消了參賽資格。這種要求無論曲目的數(shù)量還是難度對選手來說都是巨大的考驗(yàn)。

經(jīng)過初賽、復(fù)賽、決賽的激烈競爭，最終決出12名獲獎中外選手——鋼琴伴奏友情貢獻(xiàn)獎：瑪麗娜·凱奇斯卡婭（烏克蘭）；優(yōu)秀青年鋼琴伴奏獎：羅樂（中國）；中國藝術(shù)歌曲優(yōu)秀演唱獎：王欣（中國）、安杰麗娜·彼特尼欽科（俄羅斯）；男聲部第四名獲得者杜凡永（中國）；女聲部第四名獲得者石琳（中國）；男聲部第三名獲得者李佳軒（中國）；女聲部第三名獲得者安杰麗娜·彼特尼欽科（俄羅斯）；男聲部第二名獲得者王心（中國）；女聲部第二名獲得者梁濟(jì)京（韓國）；男聲部第一名獲得者王傳越（中國）；女聲部第一名獲得者斯維特蘭娜·卡希安（俄羅斯）。

冠軍的故事與愿景

獲得本屆聲樂比賽男聲部第一名的王傳越目前在總政歌劇團(tuán)工作。他聽說自己奪得了第一名時，并沒有流露太多的驚喜。原來他已是當(dāng)前中國聲樂界小有名氣的男高音演員了。這位佳木斯小伙子也曾參加了在寧波舉辦的第四屆中國國際聲樂比賽，當(dāng)時他是第一個上臺，上臺前1分鐘他緊張得幾乎把所有唱詞都忘了。在這之后的3年時間里，他參加了《趙氏孤兒》等多部歌劇的演出，舞臺的歷練使他多了一份自信和勇氣。在這之后的表演，他知道用什么聲音去唱，怎樣把音量傳得更遠(yuǎn)。這也為他在這次比賽上取得好成績打下了基礎(chǔ)。這次取得第一名，獲得獎金2萬美元。“我現(xiàn)在在學(xué)意大利語、英語，希望能用獎金參加國外的比賽。我的目標(biāo)是成為一名一流的歌劇演員。”他說，“比賽是讓我邁上更高藝術(shù)舞臺的一個臺階。”

本屆女聲部第一名的獲得者是俄羅斯女高音斯維特蘭娜·卡希安，她是第一次來中國，又是第一次參加在寧波舉辦的國際聲樂比賽，她感到特別激動。她出生于1983年，6歲就開始學(xué)習(xí)聲樂，今年6月剛從莫斯科音樂學(xué)院畢業(yè)，目前在莫斯科一家歌劇院擔(dān)任女高音演員。和男高音王傳越不同的是，她對于自己獲得第一名真是驚喜萬分。比賽進(jìn)入最后決賽的前一天晚上，她一夜都沒睡著，一直很緊張。第二天她一上臺演唱，就馬上進(jìn)入了角色，她深深感受到臺下觀眾和自己有強(qiáng)烈的共鳴，又和樂隊配合得很好，發(fā)揮得異常出色。卡希安說：“我非常喜歡聲樂，這是我的生命。我有很多夢想，想在中國國家劇院、紐約，乃至全世界的舞臺上演出。”

架起中外聲樂藝術(shù)交流金橋

中外歌手及歌曲同臺演唱，凸現(xiàn)國際互動的交流性。

在比賽曲目的設(shè)定方面，參賽選手除了演唱西方古典詠嘆調(diào)、藝術(shù)歌曲和歌劇詠嘆調(diào)以外，還要演唱中國藝術(shù)歌曲。組委會指定了《我住長江頭》《那就是我》《啊，中國的土地》《同一首歌》《教我如何不想他》《紅彩妹妹》《楓橋夜泊》《大江東去》《在那遙遠(yuǎn)的地方》《故園戀》等10首中國藝術(shù)歌曲供選手選擇，這充分體現(xiàn)了中國作為主辦方推廣中國藝術(shù)歌曲，推動中外藝術(shù)交流，促進(jìn)音樂事業(yè)發(fā)展的積極舉措。

中國國際聲樂比賽從第二屆開始就設(shè)置了“中國藝術(shù)歌曲演唱優(yōu)秀獎”。本屆大賽規(guī)定，進(jìn)入復(fù)賽的選手必須演唱一首中國藝術(shù)歌曲并且要求用中文演唱，這對外國歌手有一定難度，但這在郭淑珍教授看來是必要和必須的，“這樣能夠促進(jìn)中國文化與世界文化交融。我們?yōu)閲膺x手提供了規(guī)定中國藝術(shù)歌曲的注音、內(nèi)容介紹和示范演唱，希望能夠通過這些曲目、這些措施把中國文化傳播出去。外國歌手對中國藝術(shù)歌曲感興趣了，才能唱出歌曲的藝術(shù)性和水平。”讓郭淑珍感到高興的是在本屆比賽中，外國選手唱中文歌都唱出了水平、唱出了藝術(shù)性。她說:“獲得中國藝術(shù)歌曲優(yōu)秀演唱獎的俄羅斯選手安杰麗娜·彼特尼欽科比賽時唱的歌曲是《那就是我》，這首歌篇幅長、藝術(shù)性強(qiáng)、聲音大小高低錯落有致，但她依舊唱得非常好，展示了歌曲的內(nèi)涵和自己的技巧。假以時日，中文歌曲一定能推廣到全世界高雅藝術(shù)殿堂。”

頒獎音樂會上，評委會主任郭淑珍宣布了兩個好消息：中央歌劇院“相中”了兩位俄羅斯女高音選手，“準(zhǔn)備請她們參加劇院的演出”。而匈牙利布達(dá)佩斯劇院鐘情中國男高音選手，將邀請王傳越和男聲部第二名獲得者王心在2013年劇院的瓦格納音樂季中引吭高歌，王傳越還將受邀參加他們劇院一部歌劇的演出。

“中國國際聲樂比賽水平很高也很規(guī)范。國際音樂比賽世界聯(lián)盟現(xiàn)在分布在世界各地的成員已有120余個，絕大多數(shù)音樂節(jié)都在歐美舉行。因此，通過中國國際聲樂比賽這個平臺，中國的選手、音樂工作者、學(xué)生將有更多機(jī)會被推介到歐美主流音樂界，同時歐美選手也能借此機(jī)會了解中國文化。”國際音樂比賽世界聯(lián)盟主席格倫·郭對中國寧波的國際聲樂比賽所顯示的中外文化交流功能作如是評說。□

Fifth International Vocal Competition in Ningbo

The Fifth China International Vocal Competition was held in Ningbo from October 9th to 20th， 2011. Under the auspices of the Ministry of Culture of the PRC， the event now takes place every three years and Ningbo has hosted three of the last five. The competition made its debut in 2000 and in 2005 Ningbo was designated to host all future competitions.

The 11 judges for this year’s competition included three Chinese and eight international celebrities. The panel was chaired by the 84-year-old Chinese soprano Guo Shuzhen， a professor of vocal education with the prestigious Beijing-based Central Conservatory of Music.

This year’s competition showed an increased strong international feature. Eighty-six participating singers were from 24 countries and regions such as China， USA， Russia， France， Britain， Italy， Korea， and Mongolia. None of the previous China International Vocal Competition events had ever seen so many competitors before. The number of international singers was on the rise for a reason: the competition in Ningbo is now a high-profiled event recognized by the World Federation of International Music Competitions. Cash awards for winners went from 1，000 up to 20，000 US dollars. The Orchestra of Shanghai Opera House provided all the music accompaniments under the baton of Lin Yousheng， a preeminent conductor of international renown.

The 27-year-old Lu Zhiqiang was the first Ningbo native that had ever participated in the five competitions over the past 11 years.

This year， the competition was fierce and difficult. The contenders needed to sing three songs in the preliminary round: a western classical aria of the Baroque period， one opera aria， and one art song. The semifinalists each needed to sing two arias， two art songs and one Chinese art song to compete for a position in the final. The finalists were required to sing nothing but two opera arias. Two singers from South Africa were disqualified as the pieces they chose failed to meet the criteria. From the semifinal on， a Chinese art song was a must. All the singers in the semifinal and final were required to choose one from a list of ten Chinese art songs. The list was formulated by the organizing committee. The Chinese art songs were considered important to promote Chinese music to overseas audience.

Wang Chuanyue of China won the first place of the male group whereas the first prize of the female group went to Svetlana Kasyan of Russia.

A tenor with a PLA troupe， Wang Chuanyue did not show ecstasy after learning that he had won the first award. A native of Jiamusi City in Heilongjiang Province in the northeastern China， he was an experienced contestant. He had participated in the fourth competition three years before in Ningbo. During the intervening three years， he had appeared in a number of operas. The performances had improved his singing a great deal， paving the way for him to excel at this competition. The award of $20，000 was not very exciting either. What he really wanted was to improve his singing so that the money could be used for international competitions outside China. He aims to be a first-class opera tenor.

Unlike Wang Chuanyue， Svetlana Kasyan of Russia was very excited after winning the top position of the female group. It was her first visit to China and it was her first participation in the event in Ningbo. Born in 1983， the girl started taking vocal lessons at the age of six. She had graduated from Moscow Conservatory of Music in June 2011 and now works as a soprano at an opera house in Moscow. She said she had been sleepless in the night before the final. She soon calmed down after stepping upon the stage. She blossomed and shone on the stage， her voice in perfect harmony with the orchestra band. She said she loved singing and singing was her life. She dreamed of singing in China National Theater. She dreamed of singing in New York and all other important cities across the world.

Guo Shuzhen， the chair of the jury panel， announced at the award ceremony that the Central Opera House of China intended to have two Russian sopranos， chosen at the competition， for an important show and that an opera house in Budapest， Hungary intended to commission Wang Chuanyue and the second place winner Wang Xin to sing at Wagner Music Season in 2013. Wang Chuanyue had an offer to star in an opera play there.

Glen Kwok， the president of World Federation of International Music Competitions， spoke highly of the China event. “The China International Vocal Competition attracted great talents and was a great success. The Federation now has more than 120 members all over the world and most music events take place in Europe and North America. That is why the China International Vocal Competition has become so important. Through this platform， Chinese talents can access European and American opera houses and the singers of the west have a chance to know more about China.”□