英語疑難問題解答（3）

1. Besides， it should be a good idea to learn and sing English songs， because by doing so you’ll learn and remember English words more easily.

問題：老師曾講過because和so不能連用，為什么此處because和so卻連用呢？（學生 謝嘉欣）

解答：我們說because 和so不能連用，是指他們都作連詞時不能連用，so作連詞，意為“因此，所以”。如：I couldn’t solve the math problem， so I turned to him for help. 或 I turned to him for help because I couldn’t solve the math problem. 而上述句中的so是代詞，代替to learn and sing English songs這件事情，所以可以連用。這個問題告訴我們，不能把固有的知識點千篇一律地亂套，要分清楚情況。

2. They began to consider what use could be made ______ his discoveries.

問題：被動語態后面不都是跟by嗎？為什么這里的答案卻是of呢？（學生 吳仲云）

解答：這里不能理解為“通過他的發現”，而是短語make use of 的變式，句意為：“他們開始考慮該如何利用他的發現。”相當于They began to consider how to make use of his discoveries. 這是固定搭配的變體。無論怎樣變，抓住固定搭配，就可理解了。又如：

We’re wondering what contribution he has made to science.（make contribution to...）

I’m wondering who he has informed of the news.（inform sb. of sth.）

He will stop showing off， if no notice is taken of him.（take no notice of sb.）

3. I could not read _______ write well.

問題：我的第一感覺就是填and，為什么是or呢？（學生 吳維健）

解答：not...and的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。如：This film is not interesting and instructive.（這部電影有趣但無教育意義）如果將and換成or， 則not 對其后面的兩部分就全盤否定了。I could not read or write well. 這句話出自人教版Book1的Unit 5， Elias由于家庭貧窮，所以是既不會讀也不會寫。

4.（1）I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me.

（2）Your speech was heard by a group of five judges， all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.

問題：這兩個從句都是在介詞后，而且引導詞都是在從句里作主語，為何一個用who，而另一個用whom呢？（學生 許素瑛 司徒惠君 余嘉年）

解答：第一個句子里的who引導的是賓語從句，意思是：“他們在爭論誰有幸可以邀請到‘我’去他們家里。”這個賓語從句缺主語，故用who。第二個句子里逗號后面是一個非限制性定語從句，從句主語是“all of ”，在定語從句里有這樣的規定，在介詞后的關系代詞，只能用whom指人，用which指物。又如：

Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please？（賓語從句）

There are more than 300 teachers in our school， 70% of whom are men. （定語從句）

Our school is a beautiful and quiet place， in front of which stand a lot of trees.（定語從句）

5. I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food ________ I don’t want to eat.

問題：為什么不是填what呢？填if行不行？（學生 梁翠民）

解答：如果填if，那么eat為不及物動詞，意思是：“如果我不想吃，我就不必為拒絕食物而感到抱歉。”很明顯，是拒絕什么樣的食物？不可能全部拒絕吧！當然是拒絕不想吃的食物。所以，后面應為定語從句。而what是不能引導定語從句的。可填that或which，也可省略關系代詞。

6. Studying Wendy’s menu， I found that many of the items are similar to those of McDonald’s.

問題：those是指代the items嗎？如果是這樣的話，為什么不填which呢？（學生 黃婷婷）

解答：此空中的those確實是指代the items。those用作替代詞，這時它總是伴隨著限定性的后置修飾語，如這里的of McDonald’s。如果你填which，那一定是記混了，“在定語從句中，指代‘物’時用which”，而這里those of McDonald’s 不是一個句子，只是一個短語。

7. When there was no place in the whole field left to dig， the rabbit dug a tunnel right to ________ the dog had been lying all the time.

問題：此空為何填where呢？（學生 李麗君）

解答：如果改為：...the rabbit dug a tunnel right to the place _______ the dog had been lying all the time.我敢斷言，你會毫不猶豫地填where。也就是說，同學們都熟悉where引導的定語從句，卻不知道where還可以引導別的從句，where同樣在從句中作地點狀語。本句中的where引導一個賓語從句，說明到達的地點。where還可以引導表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句、狀語從句等。如：

Where we are going to spend the weekend has not been decided yet.（主語從句）

The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for mother.（表語從句）

You are saying that everyone should be equal， and this is where I disagree.（表語從句）

Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea where the party is to be held？（同位語從句）

He was looking for the dictionary where he thought he might have put it.（狀語從句）

（以上問題由開平市開僑中學黃麗老師解答）

責任編校 蔣小青