鐘小兵 涂傳樹 張科 許強 涂勛成
【摘要】 目的:掌握霍亂流行規(guī)律,為政府預(yù)防控制提供科學(xué)決策依據(jù)。方法:搜集2002—2011年霍亂疫情發(fā)生信息資料,分析霍亂發(fā)生的相關(guān)因素及所采取的措施,評估效果。結(jié)果:2002—2011年間安縣發(fā)生的三起霍亂疫情均為農(nóng)村群體聚餐,菌群為霍亂弧菌0139,菜品中均有甲魚,在三起霍亂疫情發(fā)生中有兩起懷疑感染來源于甲魚,其中一起從同一批次的甲魚中檢出霍亂弧菌0139與病例同源,為廚師未按生熟食品分開進行加工制作,導(dǎo)致食品交叉污染所致。結(jié)論:加強農(nóng)村群體聚餐、農(nóng)村廚師的管理,規(guī)范廚師加工制作食品,避免食物交叉污染,加強居民消化道傳染病預(yù)防控制知識的健康教育,加強監(jiān)測,在防控策略上關(guān)口前移,重心下沉是預(yù)防控制霍亂等消化道傳染病的金鑰匙。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 霍亂; 疫情; 防控
Analysis and Countermeasures of Prevention of 2002—2011 Cholera Epidemic Situation/ZHONG Xiao—bing,TU Chuan—shu,ZHANG Ke,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2012,9(29):103—104
【Abstract】 Objective: To master the cholera epidemic law,to provide the scientific basis for prevention and control by the government.Method: The information of 2002—2011 cholera outbreak was collected.Related factors were analyzed and measures were taken,and effect wwa evaluated.Result:Analysis of occurrence during the three cholera epidemic are rural community dinners,flora for Vibrio cholerae0139,dishes have soft—shelled turtle,in the three cases of cholera outbreak occurred in two on suspicion of infection from the soft—shelled turtle,one from the same batch of soft—shelled turtle in the detection of Vibrio cholerae 0139cases with homologous,for rural cook did not according to the raw and cooked food separate processing production,leading to food contamination.Conclusion:Strengthen rural community dinners,the management of rural cooks,norm cook foods processed food,avoid cross—contamination,strengthen the residents to digestive tract infectious disease prevention and control knowledge health education,strengthen the monitoring,prevention and control strategy in col—reach,centre of gravity to sink is the golden key of choleraic,prevention and control of infectious disease of digestive tract.
【Key words】 Cholera; Epidemic situation; Prevention and control
First—authors address:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Anxian,Anxian 622651,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674—4985.2012.29.069
2002—2006年,綿陽市安縣為霍亂流行縣,2002年農(nóng)民甘某、2005年農(nóng)民劉某在家舉辦婚宴、2006年農(nóng)民唐某恭賀新房聚餐,發(fā)生霍亂暴發(fā)疫情,給人民群眾的生命財產(chǎn)安全造成了一定的損失,為此,筆者根據(jù)霍亂流行的規(guī)律、流行特點,進行強化防控措施,收到了滿意效果。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 2002年安縣發(fā)生首起霍亂,農(nóng)村村民舉辦婚晏,就餐189人,霍亂發(fā)病26人,帶菌者10人;第2起為2005年農(nóng)村村民舉辦婚晏,就餐191人,霍亂發(fā)病5人,帶菌者2人;第3起為2006年村民喬遷新居,就餐84人,霍亂發(fā)病8人,帶菌者10人。三起霍亂疫情共發(fā)生霍亂39人,帶菌者22人。2007—2011年,安縣針對霍亂流行的特點,加強管理,落實防控措施,有效地控制了霍亂在安縣的發(fā)生。……