中國500強企業高峰論壇上聽名企老總談“企業國際化”

□ 文/見習記者 蔣正

中國500強企業高峰論壇上聽名企老總談“企業國際化”

□ 文/見習記者 蔣正

9月開初的重慶陰雨綿綿，渝北區悅來國際會議中心卻激情似火。9月2-3日，2014年中國500強企業高峰論壇在這里舉行。國家發改委副主任林念修、重慶市市長黃奇帆等出席并發表講話。全國名企高層領導、全國企協企聯代表、國內外經濟專家、各大新聞媒體齊聚于此。會上開展了“企業國際化：運營與管理”論壇，對從走出國門成立國際公司到國際公司的經營管理，進行了深入討論。考慮到會議內容對渝企的海外投資、經營和管理有所幫助，特把其分享給大家。

薄寶華：海外發展戰略要明確企業需求

薄寶華，這位港中旅集團老資格的副總，管理著港中旅在海外12個國家的旅行社。他正襟危坐，表情嚴肅，字正腔圓地告訴在座企業家，要確定企業需求，依需求決定企業要不要走國際化道路，決定在國際化道路上要不要調整戰略。港中旅非常明確地了解企業需求，就是占領客源。他將港中旅的發展之路娓娓道來：過去外國人來華旅游是稀缺資源，港中旅就想到占領外國人來華的客源端，就去海外布點，走國際化道路。之后，港中旅瞄到了國人出國旅游缺少周全和高端的消費服務，港中旅便調整戰略，專為中國游客提供在旅游目的地的服務。今后，港中旅預計要在中國游客熱門旅游目的地收購酒店、輪船等，以搶占更多客源。港中旅國際化道路一直專注于占領客源，其國際化戰略的政策也一直服務于此。這種明確和專注于需求，是港中旅的成功法寶。

黃勇：管理海外公司要做好融合

重慶機電控股集團董事、總裁、黨委副書記黃勇，談到了重慶機電集團管理海外公司的成功經驗——做好收購企業和本部企業的融合。他身體前傾，發言時的態度異常誠懇。他告訴臺下，重慶機電2012年收購了美國恩斯特龍直升機公司，對其的管理措施，一是對海外公司只在決策和資金使用方面控制，委派的本部人員在董事會占絕大多數席位；二是海外企業選用當地職業經理人，適當放權，讓生產、經營在本地人的管理下進行，發揮當地人才團隊的作用。黃勇表示，在這樣的管理下，重慶機電的海外公司處于盈利狀態。

尚游：依靠政府政策和重慶大環境

從尹明善背后走出來的尚游，現身兼力帆實業集團總裁和中國汽車工業協會副會長。這位年輕企業家近幾年出現在公眾視野里的頻率越來越高。這次論壇他也成為座上客，在談到力帆的國際化過程時，謙虛地向政府和外部環境提供的支持表達了感謝。他表示，今年中央政府頂住人民幣升值壓力，讓力帆保持了出口競爭力；中信保提高保險額度，讓力帆能夠大膽地去海外投資；而重慶市政府全力打造渝新歐、渝新俄鐵路，為力帆發展打造了良好的環境，保障了力帆的便利和效率。力帆正是抓住時機，合理利用政策形勢和大環境的優勢，在經營中一步步向前的。同時，德勤等專業服務機構，則因為幫助力帆規避了風險，化解了投資過程中的部分危機和難題，受到尚游的大力推崇。

李金元：以國際化人才為本，重視知識產權

天獅集團董事長李金元強調要以國際化人才為本。他不愧為在全球110多個國家和地區擁有分公司的天獅集團的董事長，他對跨國經營侃侃而談：“選對人，才能做對事”。天獅在十幾年前就建立了天獅學院，培養人才。此外，天獅還計劃建立國際化大學，培養國際化人才，為企業發展輸送新鮮血液。李金元還興致勃勃地公布了他的宏偉計劃：同世界前100名名牌大學合作，培養實用型人才。另外他還在知識產權問題上加重了語氣，表明天獅在全球100多個國家和地區注冊產品和專利，是讓天獅在全球布局的關鍵。

民企國際化面臨眾多挑戰和機會

在提問環節，在座聽眾踴躍提問，嘉賓一一解答，內容亦是鞭辟入里。

■ 民企融資難

有企業家提到民企資金匱乏，融資困難。力帆的尚游表示，力帆在香港設立了融資平臺，同時力帆和中國銀行合作，確保資金的充足。而港中旅的薄寶華則建議大家去香港設立融資公司，和國外銀行打交道。天獅的李金元建議要走國際化道路的企業，要和世界的銀行有密切資金來往，更要重視匯率、置換等問題，規避匯率風險。

■ 部分中國標準無法同國際接軌

有企業家提到中國標準無法得到國際認可。李金元在這一問題上經驗豐富，他談到天獅每計劃進入一個國家，都要首先注冊和報檢，遵守當地法律法規，還會按照當地標準改進產品。結果是天獅產品通過100多個相關的國際認證標準，進入190多個國家的保健品市場。

■ 混合所有制改革

混合所有制經濟問題與民營企業壯大自身實力關系莫大。力帆的尚游和機電的黃勇相視一笑，他們介紹到力帆脫胎于機電控股集團，曾是機電集團下屬的客車制造企業。后來經過重組，民資進入，不斷改革，才轉變為今天的力帆。機電控股集團至今仍持有力帆一定的股份。同時，機電的混合所有制探索從很早之前就開始了，成功的案例還是比較多。機電集團不設立任何限制，歡迎民營企業參股、控股國有企業。港中旅薄寶華說道，港中旅海外公司中，中外合資的分公司比獨資成立的分公司效益更高，混合所有制更能適應海外市場發展。

During the China Top500 Enterprises Summit CEOs Discuss “Internationalization of Companies”

Despite continuous rain in early September, there is much enthusiasm in Yuelai International Convention Center, Yubei District, Chongqing. From September2 to3, the2014 China Top500 Enterprises Summit was held here. Lin Nianxiu, deputy director general of National Development and Reform Commission, Mayor Huang Qifan attended the summit and delivered speeches. Senior leaders of renowned enterprises and enterprise association and federation delegates around the nation, economic experts from home and abroad and various news media all gathered here. The “Internationalization of Companies: Operation and Management” forum had an in-depth discussion on going global and running international companies. The following is an overview of this forum as it many help overseas investment, operation and management of Chongqing enterprises.

Bo Baohua:

Overseas development strategies must fIT into enterprise needs

Bo Baohua, vice president of China Travel Service (CTS), manages travel agencies in12 overseas countries. Sitting straight with a serious look, he articulated to the present entrepreneurs that enterprise needs must be determined in the first place to determine whether to pursue an international path and whether to adjust strategies. CTS explicitly understands its enterprise need, which is to secure customers. He narrated the development path of CTS: in the past, foreign travelers to China were rare sources, so CTR set up branches abroad to grasp the source of customers. Later, after noticing the absence of complete and premium services for Chinese going abroad, CTS adjusted its strategy into providing Chinese tourists with services in destinations. In the future, CTS plans to buy hotels and cruise liners in popular destinations for Chinese tourists in order to have more customers. Its internationalization path always focuses on winning more customers, so does its strategies. Such clear dedication is the trump card for CTS.

Huang Yong:

Integration is necessary for managing overseas companies

Huang Yong, board director, executive and vice Party secretary of Chongqing Machinery and Electric Co.,Ltd talked about successful experiences of managing overseas companies: ensuring the integration of the acquired enterprise and its parent. He leaned forward in the sofa and spoke with a sheer sincerity. He said that Chongqing Machinery and Electric bought Engstrom Helicopter in2012, and manages it in a way that overseas company only controls the decision and capital usage, and the headquarter assigned managers take the majority seats in the board; the overseas enterprise employs a local professional agent and delegate production and operation to the local people; plays the role of local talents. Huang added that under such management, Chongqing Machinery and Electric’s overseas company is pro fITable.

Shang You:

Relying on government policies and the general environment of Chongqing

As a successor of Yin Mingshan, Shang You now serves as the president of Lifan Entity Group and vice chairman of China Automotive Industry Association. The young entrepreneur frequently came into public horizon in recent years. Invited to this forum, he humbly thanked the support of government and external environment to Lifan’s internationalization. He said that this year, Lifan has maintained its export competitiveness as Central Government withstood the appreciation pressure of the yuan; Sinosure raised the quota of insurance and enabled Lifan to boldly invest abroad; and Chongqing municipal government forged the Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe and Chongqing-Xinjiang-Russia railways to build a sound environment for Lifan and guarantees its convenience and efficiency. By grasping the opportunity to leverage policy scenario and environment advantages, Lifan keeps pressing ahead. Meanwhile, specialized service provides such as Deloitte helps Lifan to avoid risks and solve some crisis and difficulties during its investment process, which has been greatly applauded by Mr. Shang.

Li Jinyuan:

Cherish international talents and value intellectual property right

Li Jinyuan, board chairman of Tiens, a group with branches in over110 countries and regions in the world, stressed to cherish international talents. He shared his view about international operation that “one can only do the right thing by selecting the right people”. Over ten years ago, Tiens set up its own academy to cultivate talents. In addition, it also plans to establish an international university to nurture international talents and inject new dynamism to enterprises. Moreover, Li announced his ambitious plan quite excitedly: cooperating with the top100 universities in the world and to turn out practical personnel. In terms of intellectual property right, he emphasized that Tiens owns over100 international registered products and patents in the world, which are the key of its global con fi guration.

Internationalization of pivate enterprise faces multiple challenges and opportunities

During the Q&A, many questions were raised and answered in an incisive way.

Financing difficulties of private enterprises, which is a problem brought up by some entrepreneurs. Shang You, president of Lifan said that by setting up a fi nancing platform in Hong Kong and working with Bank of China, Lifan always secures suf fi cient capital. Bo Baohua, vice president of CTS suggested setting up fi nancing companies in Hong Kong to deal with foreign banks. Li Jinyuan, board chairman of Tiens advised enterprise intending to pursue the path of internationalization to have frequent capital fl ows with banks in the world, pay attention to exchange rate and replacement as well as avoid exchange rate risks.

Some Chinese standards are not aligned with the international counterpart, thus not acknowledged internationally. Li Jinyuan has rich experiences in this regard. He mentioned that Tiens always went through registration and customs inspection for every country it planned to enter, abided by local laws and regulations and improved products according to local standards. As a result, Tiens products passed over100 related international accreditation standards and entered the health product markets of over190 countries.

Mixed ownership reform is closely related to the expansion of private enterprises. Mr.Shang of Lifan and Mr. Huang of Chongqing Machinery and Electric smiled at each other and said that Lifan used to be an affiliated passenger car manufacturer under Chongqing Machinery and Electric Group, and only had today’s glory by restructuring, absorption of private capital and constant reform. The mixed ownership exploration, therefore, started long ago with many successful cases. The Chongqing Machinery and Electric Group does not impose any restrictions and welcomes private enterprise to participate and control the shares of state-owned enterprises. Mr. Bo of CTC said that among all its overseas companies, the branches of joint ventures have higher returns than solely-owned ones, so the mixed ownership can better adapt to the overseas market development.