龔瓊
摘 要 詩歌鑒賞在語文教學以及高考中越來越重要,如何解讀詩歌,把握詩歌的情感在教學中顯得尤為重要,可以通過反復閱讀來感受古人字里行間所透露的情感,通過抓關(guān)鍵詞準確而快速的把握情感,或者是通過抓住詩歌中的意象來體會其所表達出的主要情感。從而掌握詩歌鑒賞的方法,提高詩歌鑒賞的能力,豐富情感,陶冶情操。
關(guān)鍵詞 詩歌鑒賞 因聲求氣 關(guān)鍵詞 詩歌情感
中圖分類號:G633.3 文獻標識碼:A
On How to Properly Grasp the Emotion of Poetry
GONG Qiong
(Fujian Jinqiao School, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108)
Abstract Poetry appreciation is increasingly important in language teaching and the college entrance examination, how to read poetry, to grasp the emotional poetry is particularly important in teaching, can be repeatedly read between the lines revealed by the ancients to feel emotional, accurate and quick to grasp the emotions caught by keyword , or to appreciate the poetry of the images caught by their principal to express emotion. Thus capturing poetry appreciation methods to improve the ability of poetry appreciation, rich emotion, and character cultivation.
Key words poetry appreciation; sounds in the air; keywords; emotion of poetry
鑒賞詩歌的關(guān)鍵在于理解作者的思想情感,進而推動對詩歌主旨的理解。其實任何文學創(chuàng)作都離不開情感,劉勰在《文心雕龍》中說道“夫綴文者而辭發(fā),觀文者披文以入情”,《毛詩序》中說“情動于中而形于言”,鐘嶸《詩品》中說“氣之動物,物之感人,故搖蕩性情,形諸舞詠,……動天地,感鬼神,莫近于詩。”文學作品都是作者情感的流露,“文由情生”,詩歌是以抒情為主的文學樣式。只有正確把握了詩歌的情感才能正確理解詩歌,然后利用自己的聯(lián)想和想象,去把握詩歌的韻外之致,體會詩歌的深意,提高鑒賞能力。
1 因聲求氣體會情感
情感抒發(fā)是詩歌最主要的美學特征。有詩歌評論家說,詩歌內(nèi)容是“詩歌中生活的大海蒸發(fā)出的純凈,美麗的云霞。讀者從詩中得到的是情感上的滿足、啟示與享受”。只有反復誦讀作品,抓住韻律節(jié)奏,才能體會詩人表達的情感。
古人云:“熟讀唐詩三百首,不會吟詩也會吟”,又云:“書讀百遍,其義自見”。簡言之,讀書之人想要理解文章的精義,根本方法就是“諷誦之深且久”,唯有通過誦讀領(lǐng)會其氣,然后才能對“意”與“辭”的理解更為深刻。