婦女對(duì)和平文化貢獻(xiàn)的聲明

On the eve of the twenty-first century， a dynamic movement towards a culture of peace derives inspiration and hope from women's visions and actions.

It is important to draw strength from cultural diversity and redefine the concept of security so that it encompasses ecological， economic， social， cultural and personal security. To replace unequal gender relations with authentic and practical equality between women and men is imperative in order to allow for true participatory democracies.

Ours is still an armed and warring planet. In the first half of this decade alone， more than 90 conflagrations of various kinds have taken a vast toll of human life， impeded social and economic development and depleted the world's resources. Women continue to experience systematic violations of their human rights and to be largely excluded from decision-making. In situations of war and military occupation， women are to an alarming degree the victims and targets of atrocities and aggression.

在即將跨入21世紀(jì)之際，推動(dòng)和平文化的運(yùn)動(dòng)從婦女的愿景和行動(dòng)中獲得了靈感和希望。

重要的是，要從文化多樣性中汲取力量，重新定義安全的概念，使其涵蓋生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)，文化和個(gè)人的安全。實(shí)現(xiàn)女性和男性之間真正的、實(shí)際的平等并取代現(xiàn)有的不平等的性別關(guān)系是當(dāng)務(wù)之急，以實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的人人平等的民主。

我們的地球仍是一個(gè)充滿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和武器的地方。單單在過(guò)去十年中的前五年里，就發(fā)生了各種大火90場(chǎng)，奪走了許多人的生命，阻礙了社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)了世界資源。婦女仍然在體制層面遭受著對(duì)他們?nèi)藱?quán)的侵犯，并且仍被排斥在決策過(guò)程之外。當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和軍事占領(lǐng)的情況發(fā)生時(shí)，婦女們是暴行和侵略首要的目標(biāo)和受害者。

To combat war as the ultimate expression of the culture of violence， we must address issues such as violence against women in the home， acts and reflexes of aggression and intolerance in everyday life， the banalization of violence in the media， the implicit glorification of war in the teaching of history， trafficking in arms and in drugs， recourse to terrorism and the denial of fundamental human rights and democratic freedoms.

A culture of peace requires that we confront the violence of economic and social deprivation. Poverty and social injustices such as exclusion and discrimination weigh particularly heavily on women. Redressing the flagrant asymmetries of wealth and opportunity within and between countries is indispensable to addressing the root causes of violence in the world.

Equality， development and peace are inextricably linked. There can be no lasting peace without development， and no sustainable development without full equality between men and women.

如果說(shuō)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是暴力的文化，那么為了對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，我們必須要解決諸如家庭暴力、日常生活中發(fā)生的侵犯與偏狹行為與反應(yīng)，媒體所謂的陳腐暴力、歷史教科書中對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的盲目頌揚(yáng)，武器和毒品販賣、訴諸于恐怖主義，背棄根本人權(quán)和民主自由等一系列問(wèn)題。

和平文化要求我們正視與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)匱乏相關(guān)的暴力行為。貧窮與諸如排斥與歧視等社會(huì)不公對(duì)婦女造成的影響尤為嚴(yán)重。克服一國(guó)與國(guó)家間的貧富懸殊，確保機(jī)會(huì)均等，也與消除世界暴力的根源密切相關(guān)。

平等、發(fā)展與和平緊密相連。沒(méi)有發(fā)展，就沒(méi)有持久和平；不能全面實(shí)現(xiàn)男女平等就無(wú)可持續(xù)發(fā)展可言。

The new millennium must mark a new beginning. We must dedicate ourselves to averting violence at all levels， to exploring alternatives to violent conflict and to forging attitudes of tolerance and active concern towards others. Human society has the capacity to manage conflict so that it becomes part of a dynamic of positive change. Always provided it involves the full participation of women， action to remedy a pervasive culture of violence is not beyond the capacity of the people and governments of the world.

Efforts to move towards a culture of peace must be founded in education； as stated in UNESCO's Constitution： since wars begin in the minds of men， it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed.

Girls and women constitute a large majority of the world's educationally excluded and unreached. Ensuring equality of educational access and opportunity between the sexes is a prerequisite for achieving the changes of attitudes and mind-sets on which a culture of peace depends.

新千年必須作為一個(gè)嶄新的開始。我們必須致力于防止各層面的暴力，探求解決暴力沖突的方法，采取寬容的態(tài)度，積極關(guān)注他人。人類社會(huì)有能力化解沖突，將其作為積極而富有活力的轉(zhuǎn)變的一部分。我們要使得世界政府和人們?cè)谄淠芰Ψ秶鷥?nèi)始終確保婦女充分參與社會(huì)，采取行動(dòng)克服普遍存在的暴力文化。

推動(dòng)和平文化的努力必須以教育為基礎(chǔ)；如聯(lián)合國(guó)科教文組織章程所述，既然戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這一想法由人類產(chǎn)生，那么人類也理應(yīng)構(gòu)建維護(hù)和平。

在世界上被教育邊緣化與無(wú)法享受教育的人群中，女孩與婦女占了相當(dāng)大的比例。實(shí)現(xiàn)態(tài)度與思維轉(zhuǎn)變要以確保男女都能享受教育與機(jī)會(huì)均等為前提，而和平文化則有賴于這一轉(zhuǎn)變。

Equality in education is the key to meeting other requirements for a culture of peace. These include： full respect for the human rights of women； the release and utilisation of women's creative potential in all aspects of life； power sharing and equal participation in decision-making by women and men； the reorientation of social and economic policies to equalise opportunities and new and more equitable patterns of gender relations -- presupposing a radical reform of social structures and processes.

Women's capacity for leadership must be utilised to the full and to the benefit of all in order to progress towards a culture of peace. Their historically limited participation in governance has led to a distortion of concepts and a narrowing of processes. In such areas as conflict prevention， the promotion of cross-cultural dialogue and the redressing of socio-economic injustice， women can be the source of innovative and much needed approaches to peace-building.

Women bring to the cause of peace among people and nations distinctive experiences， competence， and perspectives. Women's role in giving and sustaining life has provided them with skills and insights essential to peaceful human relations and social development. Women subscribe less readily than men to the myth of the efficacy of violence， and they can bring a new breadth， quality and balance of vision to a joint effort of moving from a culture of war towards a culture of peace.

教育平等是實(shí)現(xiàn)和平文化其他要求的關(guān)鍵。這包括：充分尊重婦女的人權(quán)；釋放并利用婦女生活各方面的潛能；男女共享權(quán)力，共同參與決策；重新定位社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，以此實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)會(huì)均等，建立新型與公平的性別關(guān)系，這是從根本上改革社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)與過(guò)程的前提。

推進(jìn)和平文化，我們必須要充分發(fā)揮婦女的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，使之造福全人類。歷史上她們被限制參政，導(dǎo)致了我們觀念上的歪曲和狹隘。在防止沖突、促進(jìn)跨文化對(duì)話、消除社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)不公等方面，婦女會(huì)成為和平建設(shè)中富有創(chuàng)造力和最需要的源泉。

婦女會(huì)為和平事業(yè)給人們和國(guó)家?guī)?lái)獨(dú)到的經(jīng)歷、能力和視角。她們?cè)诮o予生命和延續(xù)生命中發(fā)揮的作用已為她們提供了技能和洞察力，這對(duì)建立和平的人類關(guān)系和實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。相比男性，婦女們不大贊成暴力的神奇功力，她們會(huì)為帶來(lái)嶄新、廣闊、高質(zhì)量而平衡的視角，共同致力于從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)文化向和平文化的轉(zhuǎn)變。

To this end， we the undersigned， commit ourselves to：

為此，我們作為簽署方，致力于：

· support national and international efforts to ensure equal access to all forms of learning opportunities， with a view to women's empowerment and access to decision-making；

· promote relevant quality education that imparts knowledge of the human rights of men and women， skills of non-violent conflict resolution， respect for the natural environment， intercultural understanding and awareness of global interdependence， which are essential constituents of a culture of peace；

· encourage new approaches to development that take account of women's priorities and perspectives；

· oppose the misuse of religion， cultural and traditional practices for discriminatory purposes；

· seek to reduce the direct and indirect impact of the culture of war on women -- in the form of physical and sexual violence or the neglect of social services for excessive military expenditure；

· increase women's freedom of expression and involvement in the media as well as the use of gender-sensitive language and images；

· promote knowledge and respect for international normative instruments concerning the human rights of girls and women and ensure widespread dissemination in order to further the well-being of all， men and women， including the most vulnerable groups of societies；

· support governmental and intergovernmental structures as well as women's associations and NGOs committed to the development of a culture of peace based on equality between women and men.

· We， the signatories， appeal to women and men of goodwill and of diverse cultural backgrounds， religious beliefs， ethnic and social origins to join us in a global endeavour to build， in solidarity and compassion， a culture of peace in the domestic realm and in the public sphere.

· Only together， women and men in parity and partnership， can we overcome obstacles and inertia， silence and frustration and ensure the insight， political will， creative thinking and concrete actions needed for a global transition from the culture of violence to a culture of peace.

· 支持國(guó)家與國(guó)際間開展協(xié)作，確保平等地享受各種學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，以便賦予婦女權(quán)力，使其參與決策；

· 促進(jìn)相關(guān)素質(zhì)教育，教授人們?nèi)藱?quán)知識(shí)，非暴力化解沖突的技能，尊重自然環(huán)境，跨文化理解，全球共存方面的認(rèn)識(shí)，這些構(gòu)成了和平文化的基礎(chǔ)；

· 從婦女的優(yōu)先權(quán)和視角考慮，鼓勵(lì)促進(jìn)發(fā)展的新途徑；

· 反對(duì)任何歧視性目的對(duì)宗教、文化與傳統(tǒng)做法的濫用；

· 努力減少戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)文化帶給婦女的直接和間接影響，不管是以身體暴力和性暴力方式，還是軍費(fèi)開支投入過(guò)多忽視了社會(huì)服務(wù)；

· 增加?jì)D女的言論與出版自由，以及使用性別敏感型語(yǔ)言和圖像；

· 促進(jìn)知識(shí)，尊重與女孩和婦女人權(quán)相關(guān)的規(guī)范準(zhǔn)則，確保其傳播，提高包括社會(huì)最弱勢(shì)群體在內(nèi)的全人類的福祉；

· 為致力于倡導(dǎo)性別平等的和平文化的政府與非政府機(jī)構(gòu)以及婦女協(xié)會(huì)與非政府組織提供支持。

· 我們簽署方呼吁友善的人們，不論其多樣文化背景、宗教信仰、民族、社會(huì)淵源，團(tuán)結(jié)一致，互相幫助，為在本國(guó)和公共領(lǐng)域建立文化和平的國(guó)際事業(yè)而共同努力。

· 只有共同努力，建立伙伴關(guān)系，平等合作，我們才能克服障礙與惰性，打破沉默，不懼挫折，確保真知灼見、政治意愿、創(chuàng)造性思維和務(wù)實(shí)行動(dòng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)全球從暴力文化向和平文化的轉(zhuǎn)型。

This Declaration， while written in 1995， is still very relevant today.

此聲明雖發(fā)布于1995年， 但至今仍然有效。