鮑克斯大使談美中關系

Mr. Chairman， 1）Ranking Member Corker， Members of the committee， it is an honor to appear before you today as President Obama’s 2）nominee to serve as the next United States Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China.

The United States-China relationship is one of the most important 3）bilateral relationships in the world. It will shape global affairs for generations to come. We must get it right.

If confirmed， I look forward to working with Members of this Committee and with other Members of Congress to achieve that goal and strengthen ties between our two countries.

My 4）fascination with China goes back 50 years to my days as a college student at Stanford. I was a young man who grew up on a 5）ranch outside Helena， Montana， full of youthful idealism and curiosity. So I packed a 6）backpack， I took a year off from my studies， 7）hitchhiked around the world， set out to visit countries I had only imagined—India， Japan， China， just to name a few.

Before I 8）departed， I had never thought about a life in public service. But that trip opened my eyes. I realized how people across the globe were interconnected. I saw the 9）vital role America plays as a leader on the world stage. I returned to the States with a focus and commitment to a career where I could improve the lives of my fellow Montanans and my fellow Americans.

I came to Washington in 1973 with the goal of working with my colleagues in Congress to address the challenges facing our nation. Throughout my career， I have tried my best to do just that.

I am proud of the role I played 10）spearheading environmental protection， and strengthening America’s health and safety net programs， and fighting for Montana. I am especially proud of the work I have done to build ties and 11）foster 12）collaboration between the United States and countries around the world.

My capacity as Senate Finance Committee Chair and Ranking Member， I led the passage and 13）enactment of Free Trade Agreements with 11 countries： Australia， Bahrain， Jordan， Chile， Colombia， Morocco， Oman， Panama， Peru， Singapore and South Korea.

My position has also allowed me to travel to emerging and established markets on behalf of the United States. And since 1910 alone， I’ve been on the ground working to advance U.S. trade interests in Germany， Spain， Belgium， Russia， Japan， New Zealand， Brazil， Colombia， and China.

I have learned some core lessons along the way. One of the most important， I have become to， I have become a firm believer that a strong 14）geopolitical relationship can be born out of a strong economic relationship， which often begins with trade.

In fact， America’s relationship with China began with trade. In 1784， a U.S. trade ship called the Empress of China sailed into what is now the port of Guangzhou. That visit opened a trade route that moved small amounts of tea， silk， and 15）porcelain. Today， U.S.-China trade accounts for more than 500 billion dollars in goods and services each year.

From my first official visit to China in 1993 to my most recent in 2010， I have worked through economic 16）diplomacy to strengthen ties between the United States and China. I look forward to continuing that work to build a stronger， more 17）equitable economic relationship between our countries.

If confirmed， I hope to accomplish two overarching goals， goals that are critical to our relationship with China and help achieve our shared interest in a safer， more prosperous world.

First， to develop our economic relationship with China in a way that benefits American businesses and workers.

And second， to partner with China as it emerges as a global power and encourage it to act responsibly in resolving international disputes， respecting human rights， and protecting the environment.

W h e n I visited China in 2010， I met with President Xi Jinping， who was then the vice-president. We discussed a range of topics， including Chinese currency policies， its enforcement of intellectual property rights， i t s b a r r i e r s to U.S. exports. I remember President Xi stressing that the United States and China have more common interests than differences. In his words， cooperation between our nations could help drive peace and stability. In fact， he used that word—cooperation—repeatedly.

Leaders from both sides have recognized that we have much more to gain from cooperation than from conflict. I believe that as well， and I see many areas of our relationship where cooperation is not only possible， it is vital.

China must be fully invested in a global rules， global rules-based economic system. Its economy continues to expand rapidly—it grew 7.7% last year. And China is the world’s second-largest economy and one of our largest trading partners.

So how do we be， continue to bring China into the fold？ By engaging the Chinese through bilateral talks and regional forums. Engagement will allow us to identify shared goals. It will allow us to achieve concrete results.

As Finance Committee Chairman， I worked to bring China into the global trade community. I met with Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji in 1999， and pushed to extend permanent trade relations with China， and supported its entry into the World Trade Organization. The strategy has already paid 18）dividends.

Last year， China agreed to negotiate a bilateral investment treaty with the United States， one that adopts our high-standard approach to national treatment protections.

I look forward to visiting with the people of China. I would be honored to be a guest in their country—to listen and to learn from them.

Ambassador Locke has told me of the outstanding team at the embassy in Beijing and in our consulates across China. If granted the privilege to serve as Ambassador， I will be fortunate to have a dedicated team of hard-working professionals at my side.

Later this week， Chinese and other communities around the world will celebrate the start of the 19）Lunar New Year. It will mark a time of renewal， of new beginnings. The opportunity to serve as Ambassador will mark a new beginning for me as well. And if confirmed， I will strive to strengthen the U.S.-China relationship for the benefit of our two countries and the world.

主席先生，資深成員考克先生，委員會各位成員，今天我很榮幸作為奧巴馬總統提名的下一任美國駐中華人民共和國大使向各位發表證詞。

美中關系是全世界最重要的雙邊關系之一，將對今后世世代代的全球事務產生影響。我們必須正確處理。

如果我獲得任命，我期待與委員會成員和國會其他成員一道努力實現這個目標，加強我們兩國之間的關系。

我對中國的興趣可追溯到50年前我在斯坦福大學的學生時代。我在蒙大拿州海倫那的牧場上長大，當時還很年輕，滿懷青年人的理想和好奇。因此我收拾背包，休學一年，靠搭便車周游世界。我開始探訪原來只存在于想象中的國家——僅舉幾例如印度、日本和中國。

我在動身之前從未想到過致力于公共服務事業。但那次旅行開拓了我的眼界。我認識到世界各地的人們是如何相互聯系在一起的。我看到美國作為世界舞臺上的領袖發揮的關鍵作用。回到美國后，我主要考慮從事并堅持可以改善我的蒙大拿同胞和所有美國人民生活的職業。

1973年，我來到華盛頓，希望與我在國會的同事一道戰勝我們國家面臨的挑戰。我在整個職業生涯中為此盡了最大的努力。

我以帶頭保護環境、加強美國醫療和社會安全網項目及為蒙大拿州謀福利等方面為重點發揮自己的作用，為此感到自豪。我尤其引以為豪的是我為美國與世界各國發展關系和合作所做的工作。

我在擔任參議院財政委員會主席和資深委員期間，主持通過和頒布了與11個國家的自由貿易協議：澳大利亞、巴林、約旦、智利、哥倫比亞、摩洛哥、阿曼、巴拿馬、秘魯、新加坡和韓國。

我的職位還使我有機會代表美國出訪各新興市場和地位已確立的市場。僅自1910年以來，（譯者注，此處口誤，應為2010年）我就為推進美國的貿易利益訪問了德國、西班牙、比利時、俄羅斯、日本、新西蘭、巴西、哥倫比亞和中國。

我在這個過程中學到了一些重要的經驗，其中最重要的經驗之一是，我堅信牢固的地緣政治關系可以產生于牢固的經濟關系，而經濟關系往往始于貿易。

事實上，美國與中國的關系就始于貿易。1784年，一艘名為“中國皇后號”的美國商船駛進了現在的廣州港，開辟了一條貿易航線，開始少量的茶葉、絲綢和瓷器貿易。今天，美中雙方每年的商品和服務貿易額達5000多億美元。

從我1993年首次正式訪華到2010年最近一次對中國的訪問，我努力通過經濟外交加強美國和中國的關系。我期待繼續這項工作，在我們兩國間建立更牢固、更平等的經濟關系。

如果獲得任命，我希望達到兩個最重要的目標，這兩個目標對我們與中國的關系至關重要，有助于在一個更安全和更繁榮的世界上實現雙方的共同利益。

第一，與中國發展對美國工商業和工人有利的經濟關系。第二，在中國作為世界大國逐漸發展的過程中，與中國結成伙伴關系并鼓勵中國在解決國際爭端、尊重人權和保護環境等方面采取負責任的行動。

我在2 0 1 0年訪問中國期間，會晤了時任國家副主席的習近平主席。我們就一系列議題進行了討論，包括中國的貨幣政策、中國執行知識產權的問題，以及中國對美國出口設置的壁壘。我記得習主席強調，美中之間的共同利益大于分歧。用他的話說，我們兩國間的合作有助于促進和平與穩定。事實上，他反復使用這個詞——合作。

雙方領導人都認識到，我們從合作中能獲得的利益遠大于從沖突中獲得的利益。我同樣相信這一點。我并且看到，在雙方關系中的很多領域，合作不僅可能，而且至關重要。

例如，中國必須為有規可循的全球經濟體系全面作出貢獻。中國經濟持續快速增長——去年增長7.7%。中國是世界第二大經濟體，是我們最大的貿易伙伴之一。

那么，我們如何繼續將中國納入這一體系呢？通過雙邊對話和區域論壇發展與中國的交往。相互交往能夠讓我們找到共同目標，有助于我們取得具體成果。

作為財政委員會主席，我曾致力于使中國加入全球貿易體系。我在1999年會見了中國總理朱镕基，推動與中國結成永久性貿易關系，并支持中國加入世界貿易組織。這個戰略已獲得回報。

去年，中國同意與美國談判達成一項雙邊投資協定，在國民待遇保護方面采用我們的高標準做法。

我也期待著走訪中國民眾。我將很榮幸地做他們國家的客人——傾聽他們的意見并向他們學習。

駱大使已向我介紹過駐北京大使館和駐中國各地領事館的杰出團隊。如果獲得作為大使的殊榮，我將有幸擁有一支由工作努力的專業人員組成的恪盡職守的團隊。

本周晚些時候，（譯者注：本聽證會于2014年1月28日召開）世界各地的華人和其他社群將歡慶農歷新年的到來。它標志著萬象更新的時刻和新的開端。擔任大使的機會對我而言也將是一個新的開端。如獲得任命，我將力爭增進美中關系，以使我們兩國及全世界獲益。