新加坡聯合早報：“渝新歐”是重慶求解地理困局的破題之作

□ 文/本刊記者 李靜

新加坡聯合早報：“渝新歐”是重慶求解地理困局的破題之作

□ 文/本刊記者 李靜

吳晗均

新加坡《聯合早報》記者

在打造內陸開放高地等國家戰略支撐下，重慶對外經濟發展迅速。擁有‘兩帶一路’戰略節點、增長快速的對外經濟，重慶已成為中國內陸開放窗口。

新加坡《聯合早報》記者吳晗均表示，重慶提出打造對外開放高地是一個及時的概念，作為一個內陸城市，重慶與沿海其他城市相比欠缺與外部世界直接溝通的渠道，接觸有限，“兩帶一路”的戰略正是解決了溝通的這個問題。

重慶“兩帶一路”戰略節點中的“一帶”是指長江經濟帶，把中國東、中、西部串在一起，是國家區域發展戰略的重要一環。另一“帶”是指絲綢之路經濟帶。以重慶為起點的渝新歐國際鐵路聯運大通道直達德國杜伊斯堡，是絲綢之路的重要載體，承擔向西開放作用。“一路”則是21世紀海上絲綢之路。

“在打造內陸開放高地等國家戰略支撐下，重慶對外經濟發展迅速。擁有‘兩帶一路’戰略節點、增長快速的對外經濟，重慶已成為中國內陸開放窗口。”在重慶工作的經驗讓吳晗均對這座城市有了更深的理解。如今的重慶正在積極發展電子產業，而渝新歐鐵路已成為重慶市全球筆記本電腦基地產品、機電產品、汽車配件快速運往歐洲新的戰略通道。重慶將因此成為中國對歐洲開放的橋頭堡。而這條鐵路，正是重慶求解地理困局的破題之作。

作為一個深處內陸2000多公里的城市，重慶一直受制于崇山峻嶺阻隔，對外開放步伐大受影響。重慶的貨物要出口到國外，不得不經歷“南轅北轍”的痛苦：從重慶出發，沿著西北方向直線距離不過1萬公里就是歐洲。但按照向東出海慣例，重慶貨物只能東運上海，裝船后再南下穿越馬六甲海峽，而后轉向西北前往歐洲，“‘渝新歐’巧妙而富有創意地解決了這些難題。而中國政府提出的‘絲綢之路經濟帶’也給了重慶更大的發展平臺，將重慶與西北部的城市連接了起來。”吳晗均告訴記者。

“渝新歐”鐵路開啟了第三條歐亞大陸橋。它以重慶為中心，構建起輻射中國南方及東南亞的大物流圈，歐亞大陸南部沒有橫向連接鐵路的狀況成為歷史。這個新的歐亞大陸橋，將有效破解內陸地區發展外貿，特別是加工貿易的物流瓶頸問題，打破中國對外貿易“一江春水向東流”的傳統格局。

“作為一家境外媒體，我們更加關注的是這樣的戰略發展將給中國的未來帶來怎樣的影響和作用，我們報道重慶，報道‘渝新歐’，希望讓世界知道這樣一個平臺在中國未來發展中所扮演的角色，同時讓新加坡的企業了解重慶的發展，把握機會開展兩地合作。”吳晗均也表示，此前新加坡是以電子產業為主，因人力成本過高，開始轉型發展現代服務業，同時由東向西發展，新加坡每五年都會經歷一個新的經濟轉型時期，也是深受外資青睞的國家之一，與現在的重慶頗為相似，在吸引外資方面，政策的優惠和政府資金支持是必不可少的。

Wu Hanjun, a journalist from Singaporean Lianhe Zaobao said that the notion of building Chongqing into a highland of opening-up is timely. As an inland city, comparing with other coastal cities in China, Chongqing lacks a direct communicative channel with the outside world; the strategy of two Economic Belts and the New Silk Road, however, solves the communication problem.

One of the “two Economic Belts”refers to Yangtze River Economic Belt, which links China’s east, central, and west part together and as an important part of national regional development strategy. Another “Economic Belt”means the Silk Road Economic Belt. Starting from Chongqing and ending in Duisburg, Germany, the International Joint Railway Transportation Channel of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe is a major carrier of New Silk Road Economic Belt and assumes the role of opening up to the west. “The New Silk Road” refers to the 21st century Maritime Silk Road.

“Supported by the policy of building an inland highland of opening-up and other national strategies, Chongqing’s foreign economy develops rapidly. With the strategy of two Economic Belts and the New Silk Road and a rapid growth foreign economy, Chongqing has become an inland window of opening-up in China.” Wu Hanjun, who used to work in Chongqing, has a deeper understanding of this city. Now, Chongqing is actively developing electronic industry and “Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe” Railway has become a new strategic channel for Chongqing to quickly ship its laptops, mechanical and electrical products and auto parts to Europe. Chongqing will therefore become a bridgehead to open up to Europe. And this railway is just the breakthrough to break the geographic dilemma of Chongqing.

As a hinterland city which is more than 2000 kilometers far way from coastline, Chongqing suffers from obstructs brought by the high mountains and lofty hills all the time and the opening up progress is greatly blocked. Cargo from Chongqing to abroad has to travel a very long shipping distance: straight-line distance from Chongqing to Europe in the northwest direction is no more than 10,000 kilometers, but according to the practice of “entering sea eastward”, Chongqing’s cargo is transported to Shanghai first and then heads down south to Strait of Malacca after shipment and finally heads to Europe along the northwest direction.“Now ‘Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe’Railway solves these problems smartly and creatively. ‘The New Silk Road’proposed by the Chinese government gives a greater development platform to Chongqing as well as connects Chongqing with other northwest cities in China.” Wu Hanjun said.

“Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe”Railway opens a third Eurasia land bridge, which centers on Chongqing and builds a big logistics circle radiating to southern China and Southeast Asia. The situation without cross-link railway in southern part of Eurasia has become history. This new Eurasia land bridge will effectively solve the logistic bottleneck problem of developing foreign trade especially processing trade in hinterland area and will break the traditional pattern of China’s foreign trade all going east.

“As a foreign press, we are more concerned that what impacts this strategic development will have on China’s future. The reason why we report Chongqing and “Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe” Railway is that we hope to inform the world the role of this platform in China’s future development and meanwhile inform enterprises from Singapore of Chongqing’s development and seize the opportunity to cooperate with each other.” Wu Hanjun also said that Singapore used to focus on electronic industry. Due to high human costs, Singapore now starts to develop modern service industry and at the same time starts to develop from east to west. Every five years, Singapore will experience a new economic transformation period. Similar to Chongqing, Singapore, as one of the countries which is favored by foreign capital, has preferential policies and government funds to attract foreign capital.

Singaporean Lianhe Zaobao:“Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe” Railway breaks the geographic dilemma of Chongqing

□ by reporter Li Jing